The Contribution of Motor Changes to Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to investigate the contribution of motor changes to oral mucositis in children and adolescents with cancer undergoing antineoplastic treatment in a referral hospital. This was an observational, cross-sectional study with 70 patients aged 2 to 19 years, diagnosed with any type of cancer and treated in a pediatric hospital cancer ward from April to September 2017. A questionnaire related to the patients' socioeconomic and clinical conditions was used, followed by the Oral Assessment Guide and selected domains of the activity and participation section of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health tool. The data were collected by previously calibrated examiners (kappa index > 0.75) and analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression (α = 5%). Children and adolescents aged 7 to 10 years were more likely to develop oral mucositis (OR: 3.62). In addition, individuals who had severe difficulty in maintaining a body position (OR: 14.45) and walking (OR: 25.42), and those diagnosed with hematologic cancers (OR: 6.40) were more likely to develop oral mucositis during antineoplastic treatment. Within the limitations of this study, it is concluded that motor changes may contribute to the occurrence of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients.

Effect of the Inclusion Nanocomplex Formed of Titanium Tetrafluoride and ß-Cyclodextrin on Enamel Remineralization.

OBJECTIVE: Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) is a topical agent used in the control of dental caries; however, it is highly acidic. To minimize this effect, cyclodextrins (CDs) are used. This study evaluated the in vitro potential of TiF4 and ß-CD on remineralization. METHODS: Forty bovine enamel blocks were selected by microhardness and randomly assigned to four groups (n = 10 per group): control (distilled and deionized water), 1% ß-CD solution, 1% TiF4 solution, and TiF4: ß-CD solution. The blocks were subjected to a pH cycling regimen for 8 days. After that, samples were evaluated by cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Data were assessed for normality and analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Regarding CSMH, TiF4: ß-CD was statistically superior to the control (P = 0.033), ß-CD (P = 0.022), and TiF4 (P = 0.006). SEM photomicrography revealed the titanium dioxide coating on slabs treated with TiF4 and TiF4: ß-CD. EDS assessment demonstrated the presence of titanium on the surface of slabs treated with TiF4 and TiF4: ß-CD. CONCLUSION: The solution containing the inclusion nanocomplex formed of TiF4 and ß-CD was able to reharden the enamel subsurface.

Associação entre aleitamento, hábitos de sucção não-nutritivos e maloclusões em crianças de 3 a 5 anos / Association between breast-feed, non-nutritive habits and malocclusions among children between 3 and 5 years old

Objetivos: Verificar a prevalência e a associação dos tipos e tempo de aleitamento, hábitos de sucção não-nutritivos e maloclusões em 733 pré-escolares de 3 a 5 anos, matriculados em creches municipais de João Pessoa (PB). Métodos: O presente estudo é do tipo transversal e clínico-epidemiológico. A amostra foi calculada mediante o cálculo amostral do universo de pré-escolares matriculados. Aplicou-se o formulário aos responsáveis e a ficha clínica às crianças e, para a confiabilidade dos resultados, foi realizado o teste de Kappa. Os dados foram submetidos aos testesdo Qui-Quadrado, Razão de Verossimilhança e Exato de Fisher (p<0,05). Resultados: Do total da amostra, 16,4% receberam aleitamento natural, 10,9%, aleitamento artificial e 72,7%, aleitamento misto. Observou-se associação entre os tipos de aleitamento e os hábitos de sucção não-nutritivos (p<0,001), verificando-se uma maior prevalência de sugadores de chupeta dentre os pré-escolares que receberam aleitamento artificial (66,2%) e misto (61,9%). O hábito de sucção de chupeta foi influenciado pela duração do aleitamento misto (p<0,001), não sendo esta relação constatada para a sucção digital (p>0,05). Evidenciou-se uma prevalência mais elevadade sobressaliência severa (15,7%), sobremordida severa (16,5%) e mordida aberta anterior (51%) nos sugadores de chupeta (p<0,0001). Constatou-se ainda uma relação entre o hábito de sucção digital com a sobressaliência (p<0,01)e sobremordida (p<0,05).Conclusão: Conclui-se que há diferenças significativas entre os tipos e tempo de aleitamento com o hábito de sucção dechupeta, bem como entre este hábito e a presença de algumas maloclusões, estando a sucção digital significativamente associada à sobressaliência e sobremordida.

To verify the prevalence and association of breast-feeding, bottle-feeding, non-nutritive habits and malocclusions.A total of 733 pre-school children in João Pessoa (PB), aged between 3 and 5 years old, were selected for thestudy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and clinical epidemiologic study. The sample was determined from a representative number of the registered students by a sample-size formula. The form and the index card were used in this study, and the results were submitted by kappa’s test. The data was analysed by Chi-Square test, Likelihood ratio Chi-Square test and Fisher’s test (p<0.05). Results: The prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding, bottle-feeding and breast and bottle-feeding children were 16.4%, 10.9% and 72.7%, respectively. It was observed a relation between breast-feeding and bottle-feeding and the presence of non-nutritive habits (p<0.001). The development of dummy sucking in the bottle-feeding and in the breast and bottlefeeding children were 66.2% and 61.9%, respectively. The development of dummy sucking was influenced by the duration of the breast and bottle-feeding (p<0.001); however this relationship was not observed for the finger sucking habit (p>0.05). The relation between the presence of the dummy sucking habit and the prevalence of severe overjet (15.7%), severe overbite (16.5%) and anterior open bite (51%) was evident (p<0.0001). The finger sucking habit was associatedwith the prevalence of overjet (p<0.01) and overbite (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that exists a relation between the development of dummy sucking habit, presence of the malocclusions in bottle-feeding children when compared to breast-feeding children.