RESUMO
A survey was performed in May 2013 to assess methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization in healthy children attending 26 municipal daycare centres in Palermo, Italy. Of the 500 children, ten (2 %) tested positive. Eight MRSA isolates were tst1-positive ST22-MRSA-IVa, spa t223; the other two isolates were identified as ST1-IVa and ST398-V, respectively. tst1-positive ST22-MRSA, spa t223 has been previously identified only in the Middle Eastern area.
Assuntos
Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/classificação , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Tipagem Molecular , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Pré-Escolar , Coleta de Dados , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/genética , Epidemiologia Molecular , Sicília/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Immune perturbation likely affects the development of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) among people infected with the KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). We tested whether KSHV-seropositive individuals or cases of classic KS (cKS), which typically originates in the leg, had differing delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in the forearm or leg. METHODS: Mantoux DTH with three antigens (Candida, tetanus, PPD) was performed on the forearm and leg of 15 cKS cases, 14 KSHV-positives without KS, and 15 KSHV-negative controls. The diameters of induration responses were compared by group and body site. RESULTS: Leg DTH was greater than forearm DTH among controls (mean difference 5.6 mm, P=0.0004), whereas this was not observed in cKS cases (-2.2 mm, P=0.32) or KSHV-positives (0.5 mm, P=0.56). Leg-minus-forearm DTH difference was greater in controls compared with cKS cases (P=0.004) and KSHV-positives (P=0.002). Leg-plus-forearm DTH was similar in controls (mean 28.2 mm) and cKS cases (24.5 mm, P=0.60), but it was reduced in KSHV-positives (11.8 mm, P=0.02), particularly in the leg (P=0.004) and marginally in the forearm (P=0.07). CONCLUSION: KS cases had weaker DTH only in the leg, whereas both body sites appeared weaker in KSHV-positives without KS. Both systemic and regional immune alterations may influence the development of this malignancy.
Assuntos
Herpesvirus Humano 8/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/imunologia , Sarcoma de Kaposi/imunologia , Idoso , Feminino , Antebraço , Humanos , Perna (Membro) , MasculinoRESUMO
With today's advanced technology and research, we have come a long way in the development of contrast agents used for lumbar myelography. Pantopaque was replaced by metrizamide, a more advanced contrast agent. Now iohexol, an even safer contrast material, may be the ideal radiographic agent of the future.
