Impacto de las estrategias de ejercicio físico en la CVRS de adultos sedentarios / Impact exercise strategies in the HRQOL of the sedentary adults

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la eficacia de diferentes estrategias de intervención del ejercicio físico y relacionarlas con la percepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en adultos mayores sedentarios. Participaron 100 sujetos, con edades comprendidas entre los 60 y 70 años, que fueron divididos aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos: control, recomendación, prescripción y monitorización. La intervención de ejercicio físico tuvo una duración de 6 meses. Para la valoración de la CVRS se utilizó el cuestionario SF-36. Los grupos monitorización y prescripción obtuvieron los mayores valores en todos los dominios en el análisis intragrupos. La función física y la salud general y mental obtienen los mayores valores significativos entre grupos (p<.05). Entre los grupos prescripción y monitorización no existen diferencias significativas en ninguna dimensión. Sin embargo el grupo de monitorización obtuvo valores superiores en salud mental, no siendo así en salud física (AU)

The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of different intervention strategies of exercise and relate the perception of quality of life related to health (HRQOL) in sedentary older adults. It involved 100 subjects, aged between 60 and 70, who were randomly divided into four groups: control, recommend, prescribe and monitor. The exercise intervention lasted 6 months. The SF-36 questionnaire was used for the assessment of HRQOL. The monitoring and prescription groups had higher values in all domains in the intragroup analysis. Physical function and health and mental health obtain the highest significant values between groups (p< .05). There are no significant differences at all in any domain among prescription and monitoring groups. However, the monitoring group obtained higher values in mental health, but were not in physical health (AU)

Medición de la calidad de vida en la artrosis de rodilla / Quality of life measurement in arthritic knee

Objetivo: valorar la eficacia de un método de valoraciónde Calidad de Vida en los pacientes con degeneraciónarticular de la rodilla.Procedimiento: se ha realizado un estudio en base alconcepto de CVRS en pacientes diagnosticados de un cuadroclínico-radiológico de artrosis de rodilla en los que seha procedido a la indicación de una artroplastia total derodilla.Resultados: Se determino un Grupo de Estudio (GE) de66 pacientes, siendo el 18.18% hombres y el 81.82% mujeresy un Grupo Control de 562 individuos.La medida se realizó mediante el método PECVEC, analizandola capacidad Física, Función Psicológica, Estado deAnimo Positivo y Negativo, Funcionamiento Social y BienestarSocial con un rango de puntuación que va desde 0 a4 (puntuación máxima), realizándose un análisis estadísticode los datos obtenidos.Obtenido un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach en todos loscasos mayor de 0,70, se encontró que los valores obtenidosen el GE tanto para Hombres como para Mujeres fueronsiempre menores en todas las escalas comparativamentecon los valores obtenidos en el GC, y siendo laFunción Física la escala mas deteriorada (con significaciónestadística) frente a la del Bienestar Social, apreciándosetodas las escalas de las puntuaciones del grupo de Mujeressiempre inferiores a las del grupo de Hombres.Conclusiones: El PECVEC es útil para medir la Calidadde Vida en pacientes con gonartrosis, presentando los hombresun menor descenso de la Calidad de Vida respecto a lasmujeres, y originando ésta patología un idéntico deteriorode la calidad de vida que otras patologías crónicas

Objective: to value the effectiveness of a method ofvaluation of the Quality of Life in the patients witharthritic on the knee.Procedure: a study on the basis of the CVRS concepthas been made in patients diagnosed of a clinica andradiological signs of knee arthritis, in which a kneearthroplasty has been come to the total indication of one.Results: It was divided on an Study Group (GE) of 66patients, being the 18,18% men and the 81,82% womenand a Control Group of 562 individuals.The measurement was made by means of PECVECmethod, analyzing the Physical Conditioning,Psychological Function, State of Spirit to Positive andNegative, Health and Social Welfare with a score rank thatgoes from 0 to 4 (Maximum score), being made anstatistical analysis of the collected data.Obtained a coefficient alpha of Cronbach in all thecases greater of 0.70, one as much was that the valuesobtained in GE for Men as for Women they were alwayssmaller in all the scales comparatively with the valuesobtained in the GC, and being the Physical Scale the mostdeteriorated Function (with statistical meaning) asopposed to the one of the Social welfare, being appraisedall the scales of the scores always inferior in Women tothose of the group of Men.Conclusions: The PECVEC is useful to measure theQuality of Life in patients with gonartrosis, showing themen a smaller reduction of the Quality of Life with respectto the women, and originating this one pathology anidentical deterioration of the quality of life that otherchronic pathologies

Asociación de la condicion física saludable y los indicadores del estado de salud (II) / Relationship between fitness and health (II)

En resumen, diferentes estudios de investigación muestran que tanto en hombres como en mujeres tener una buena condición física se relaciona con percepciones positivas del estado de salud, mientras que una mala condición física se asocia con percepciones negativas del mismo. Estudios epidemiológicos realizados durante las últimas décadas muestran cómo la práctica de ejercicio físico regular mejora la calidad de Vida y disminuye el riesgo de padecer enfermedades cardiovasculares, alteraciones del metabolismo (diabetes, obesidad) y reducción de la movilidad y la independencia funcional. Asimismo, diferentes estudios sugieren que la práctica de ejercicio físico regular y una buena condición física también se relaciona con el bienestar psicológico y con una reducción de la morbilidad y mortalidad. La mejora de la condición física relacionada con la salud (p.e. fuerza y potencia muscular, resistencia aeróbica y flexibilidad) permite a las personas disfrutar de un estado dinámico de energía y vitalidad que favorece la realización de tareas habituales, el disfrute del tiempo de ocio a la vez que ayuda a evitar enfermedades asociadas al sedentarismo (AU)

Rotura periférica del fibrocartilago triangular: diagnostico por resonancia magnética / Peripheral tears of the triangular fibrocartilage: magnetic resonance imaging

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Ultrastructural, immunocytochemical and morphometric studies of pituitary prolactin cells after chronic administration of met-enkephalin.

The effects of chronic administration of met-enkephalin (40 micrograms/day, for 20 days) on the pituitary prolactin cells of Wistar male rats were studied at the light (PAP-immunohistochemical for PRL demonstration technique) and electron microscopy levels. The D. CIRCLE (mean diameter), D. MAX (maximum diameter) and FORM PE (circular factor of form; irregularity degree) form secretory granules, as well as their percent distribution, were also evaluated. The cellular alterations were variable. Most prolactin cells showed an increase in immunohistochemical reaction. At the electron microscope level the prolactin cells showed an enlargement and swelling of the RER and Golgi apparatus. The secretory granules were bigger and more spherical in experimental than in untreated and control animals. A number of cells showed a variable number of cytoplasmic vacuoles or a large central vacuole formed from dilated RER-cisternae. The authors discuss the possible mechanism whereby met-enkephalin exerts a control on prolactin cells.

[Periapical odontogenic processes of inflammatory origin. Enzyme activity]. / Procesos odontógenos periapicles de origen inflamatorio. Actividad ezimática.

A histoenzymological study was carried out on 40 tissues specimens removed at biopsy and for surgical operations of the following lesions: 5 normal oral mucosa, 5 periapical granulomas, and 30 periapical inflammatory cysts. The purpose of this study was to study some possibly significant variations in levels o activities of oxidative enzymes, and hydrolaxes enzymes. In inflammatory cysts, enzymatic activities were similar to normal epithelium. There was high levels of acid phosphatase LDH and G6PDH activity in the central cells of apical granulomas and in the exfoliating epithelial cells of periapical inflammatory cysts. There were differency in the glycosaminoglicans activity on the different epitelial pattern.

Study of the rat TSH-producing cells after met-enkephalin treatment: effects of dopamine antagonists.

The effects of single and repeated doses of met-enkephalin (Met-E) on the ultrastructure and TSH-like immunoreactivity (IR) of pituitary TSH-producing cells, and TSH plasma levels in male rats and the influence of pretreatment with a dopamine antagonist, haloperidol, on these, were evaluated. Both acute and repeated Met-E administration produced changes in TSH cells consisting of: an increase in TSH-like IR, enlargement and dilation of RER and Golgi apparatus, size-increase of secretory granules, and the presence of a variable number of cytoplasmic vacuoles. The ultrastructural changes were more evident in the chronically treated animals, whereas no differences were found in IR-intensity between both Met-E treated groups. Haloperidol alone modifies neither ultrastructure nor TSH-like IR of TSH producing cells, but it prevented the Met-E produced changes. On the other hand, Met-E treatment resulted in a decrease of TSH plasma levels, but being significant only in the acutely injected animals. No variations were produced by haloperidol alone, but it prevented the decrease of TSH plasma levels stimulated by Met-E. Our results suggest that Met-E plays a role in the release of TSH, and that dopamine is implicated in this process. The possible mechanisms through which Met-E influences TSH secretion are discussed.

Effects of morphine on the pituitary-thyroid axis: morphological and analytical studies.

The morphology of the TSH-producing pituitary cells and the thyroid gland, and plasma TSH, T3 and T4 hormone levels, were studied in normal rats, in rats treated with 10 micrograms morphine (M) and in M-treated animals pretreated with naloxone (Nx) (10 mg/kg). Morphological changes in the pituitary TSH cells and thyroid cells of M-treated animals were minimal and were not modified by Nx pretreatment. Plasma TSH levels in M-treated animals showed a significant decrease (P less than 0.05), which was not blocked by Nx pretreatment. No significant changes in plasma T3 or T4 levels were found in either experimental group.

Immunohistochemical localization of S-100 protein subunits (alpha and beta) in dorsal root ganglia of the rat.

The distribution of S-100 protein and their subunits (alpha and beta) in lumbar dorsal root ganglia of adult rat was investigated immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies against the S-100 protein, alpha-subunit and beta-subunit of S-100 protein. The conventional S-100 protein antibody stained both neurons (large and intermediate in size; 20.3% and 41 +/- 3.2 microns of diameter) and glial cells (satellite cells and Schwann cells). The immunoreaction for the alpha-subunit was observed in the perikarya of some large and intermediate sized neurons (17.2%, 45.6 +/- 6.1 microns of diameter), satellite cells and Schwann cells, whereas the beta-subunit immunoreactivity was found principally in glial cells, and in a scarce number of large and intermediate sized neurons (2.8%, 43.3 +/- 5 microns of diameter) Our results demonstrate that a subpopulation of large and intermediate sized neurons of lumbar DRG contain alpha- and beta-subunits of S-100 protein, being alpha-subunit predominant. Furthermore, the satellite glial and Schwann cells contain also the two subunits but mainly beta-subunit. These data confirm previous studies about the presence of S-100 protein in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system.

[Osseointegration of IMZ implants. Ultrastructural analysis of a case]. / Oseointegración de los implantes IMZ. Análisis ultraestructural de un caso.

A study with scanning electron microscope of an osseointegrated titanium implants (IMZ) was performed, analyzing the characteristics of the interface bone--titanium oxid. It was observed that the characteristics of the interface were similar to the ones shown by other devices whose design is different (Branemark system). The present study confirms that an adequate surgical technique and a satisfactory post-operation on phase (in which the implant is free of load) lead to the osseointegration of the implant; this facts is proved by the absence of mobility of the device, and also by structural findings typical of normal osseous tissue.

Effects of met-enkephalin on the adrenocorticotropic cells of the rat pituitary.

The effects of chronic administration of met-enkephalin (40 micrograms/d during 20 days) on ACTH producing cells of the rat adenohypophysis have been studied both in light (PAP-immunocytochemistry for ACTH) and electron microscope. In addition a morphometric analysis and a percent distribution of secretory granules were performed. The ACTH cells of treated animals showed ultrastructural signs of hyperactivity, and some of them vacuolization (small vacuoles or a large central vacuole). The secretory granules of the experimental animals are larger and more spherical than the ones in the untreated and the control animals. We discuss the possible mechanism of action whereby met-enkephalin influences ACTH cells.

Immunohistochemical study of Pacinian corpuscles using monoclonal antibodies for neurofilament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein and S-100 protein.

The presence of neurofilament protein (NFP), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein has been investigated in Pacinian corpuscles from cat's mesentery by means of immunohistochemical methods. The NFP-like positivity was found in the central axon of the corpuscles; the GFAP- and S-100 protein-like immunoreactivities were shown in the innermost layers of the differentiated cell of the inner core. No positive reaction was detected in the capsule. The authors discuss these findings.

Semi-automatic morphometric analysis of secretory granules in the cells of the rat adenohypophysis.

The authors carried out a morphometric analysis--using a semi-automatic system for image analysis--of the secretory granules in the cells of the Wistar rat adenohypophysis. They evaluated the mean diameter (CIRCLE D), maximum diameter (MAX D), the factor of circular form (PE FORM) and the harmonic factor of form (HAR FORM). They also computed the coefficient of correlation between CIRCLE D and PE FORM and the percentual distribution of the values according to mean diameter.

Expression of cytoskeletal proteins in glial cells of dorsal root ganglia.

The localization of S-100 protein-, glial fibrillary acidic protein- and vimentin-like immunoreactivity has been studied in dorsal root ganglia of the rat using monoclonal antibodies. A positive reaction for both S-100 protein-like and vimentin-like was found in satellite and Schwann cells. In addition, some large and intermediate sized neurons also result S-100 protein-like immunoreactivity. No positive reaction for glial fibrillary acidic protein-like was observed. The authors discuss these results.

Study of the gonadotropic cells in the rat after chronic administration of met-enkephalin: light, electron microscope and image analysis.

The effects of a chronic administration of met-enkephalin (40 micrograms/day, for 20 days) on the pituitary gonadotropic cells of Wistar male rats were studied in light (PAS alcian blue-orange G and PAP-immunohistochemical for FSH and LH demonstration techniques) and by electron microscope. Also the D CIRCLE (mean diameter) and FORM PE (circular factor of form; irregularity degree) from secretory granules of these cell types were evaluated. The cellular alterations are variable. Gonadotropic cells show an increase on the cytoplasmic basophilia and immunohistochemical reaction. At the electron microscope level the gonadotropic cells show an enlargement and dilatation of RER and Golgi apparatus. The secretory granules are bigger and more spherical in experimental than in normal and control animals. A lot of cells show a large cytoplasmic vacuole which is formed from dilated RER-cisternae. The authors discuss the possible mechanism of action whereby met-enkephalin exerts control on gonadotropic cells.