Mindfulness-Based Program for Anxiety and Depression Treatment in Healthcare Professionals: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

In primary health care, the work environment can cause high levels of anxiety and depression, triggering relevant expert and individual change. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) programs reduce signs of anxiety and depression. The purpose of this sub-analysis of the total project, was to equate the effectiveness of the standard MBSR curriculum with the abbreviated version in minimizing anxiety and depression. This randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 112 mentors and resident specialists from Family and Community Medicine and Nurses (FCMN), distributed across six teaching units (TU) of the Spanish National Health System (SNHS). Experimental group participants received a MBRS training (abbreviated/standard). Depression and anxiety levels were measured with the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS) at three different time periods during the analysis: before (pre-test) and after (post-test) participation, as well as 3 months after the completion of intervention. Taking into account the pre-test scores as the covariate, an adjusted analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed significant depletion in anxiety and depression in general (F (2.91) = 4.488; p = 0.014; η2 = 0.090) and depression in particular (F (2, 91) = 6.653; p = 0.002; η2 = 0.128 at the post-test visit, maintaining their effects for 3 months (F (2.79) = 3.031; p = 0.050; η2 = 0.071-F (2.79) = 2.874; p = 0.049; η2 = 0.068, respectively), which is associated with the use of a standard training program. The abbreviated training program did not have a significant effect on the level of anxiety and depression. The standard MBSR training program had a positive effect on anxiety and depression and promotes long-lasting effects in tutors and resident practitioners. New research is needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of abbreviated versions of training programs.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of an Abbreviated Program versus a Standard Program in Mindfulness, Self-Compassion and Self-Perceived Empathy in Tutors and Resident Intern Specialists of Family and Community Medicine and Nursing in Spain.

Health professionals are among the most vulnerable to work stress and emotional exhaustion problems. These health professionals include tutors and resident intern specialists, due to the growing demand for the former and the high work overload of the latter. Mindfulness training programs can support these professionals during times of crisis, such as the current global pandemic caused by the coronavirus-19 disease. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of an abbreviated Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) training program in relation to a standard training program on the levels of mindfulness, self-compassion, and self-perceived empathy in tutors and resident intern specialists of Family and Community Medicine and Nursing. A total of 112 professionals attached to six Spanish National Health System teaching units (TUs) participated in this randomized and controlled clinical trial. Experimental Group (GE) participants were included in the standard or abbreviated MBSR programs. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Self-Compassion Scale short form (SCS-SF), and the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) were administered three times during the study: before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention. Adjusted covariance analysis (ANCOVA), using pretest scores as the covariate, showed a significant increase in mindfulness (F(2,91) = 3.271; p = 0.042; η2 = 0.067) and self-compassion (F(2,91) = 6.046; p = 0.003; η2 = 0.117) in the post-test visit, and in self-compassion (F(2,79) = 3.880; p = 0.025; η2 = 0.089) in the follow-up visit, attributable to the implementation of the standard training program. The standard MBSR and MSC training program improves levels of mindfulness and self-compassion, and promotes long-lasting effects in tutors and resident intern specialists. New studies are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of abbreviated training programs.

Guidelines on surgery of the thoracic sympathetic nervous system.

Thoracic sympathetic nervous system (TSNS) surgery has increased in importance in the last few years, generating great expectations among the general population and the scientific community. This has been due to the excellent results obtained by videothoracoscopy-assisted thoracic sympathectomy in the treatment of essential hyperhidrosis and other TSNS disorders. This minimally invasive surgical technique has been shown to be effective, and with a low morbidity it is accepted as one of the best therapeutic options for the treatment of palmar and bilateral axillary hyperhidrosis and the number of patients consulting with the intention of having the operation has increased considerably. Although compensatory sweating, which is occasionally intense, often occurs after the surgery, this and other secondary effects of the technique are well tolerated by patients. The current evidence on TSNS and the treatment of essential hyperhidrosis is based on observational studies, making it difficult to compare series and draw conclusions. There has been much discussion on standardising the technique, defining the most favourable levels for clipping, and choosing the type of denervation with least secondary effects. This has led to the need to draw up these guidelines which should clarify and standardise the criteria for managing patients with disorders of TSNS.

Normativa sobre Cirugía del Sistema Nervioso Simpático Torácico / Guidelines on Surgery of the Thoracic Sympathetic Nervous System

La cirugía del sistema nervioso simpático torácico (SNST) ha experimentado un gran auge en los últimos años, generando gran expectación entre la población general y la comunidad científica. Esto se ha debido a los excelentes resultados que ha obtenido la simpatectomía torácica por videotoracoscopia en el tratamiento de la hiperhidrosis esencial y en otros trastornos del SNST.Esta técnica de cirugía mínimamente invasiva ha demostrado ser efectiva y con baja morbilidad, aceptada como una de las mejores opciones terapéuticas para el tratamiento de la hiperhidrosis palmar y axilar bilateral, viéndose incrementado de manera considerable el número de pacientes que consultan con intención de operarse.Aunque la sudoración compensadora, intensa en ocasiones, aparece con gran frecuencia tras la cirugía, éste y otros efectos secundarios de la técnica son bien tolerados por los pacientes.La evidencia actual respecto a la cirugía del SNST y del tratamiento de la hiperhidrosis esencial se basa en estudios observacionales, haciendo difícil comparar series y extraer conclusiones. Se ha discutido mucho para unificar la técnica, definir los niveles de sección más favorables y elegir el tipo de denervación con menos efectos secundarios. Este hecho crea la necesidad de elaborar esta normativa que clarifique y unifique criterios para el manejo de los pacientes con trastornos del SNST(AU)

Thoracic sympathetic nervous system (TSNS) surgery has increased in importance in the last few years, generating great expectations among the general population and the scientific community. This has been due to the excellent results obtained by videothoracoscopy-assisted thoracic sympathectomy in the treatment of essential hyperhidrosis and other TSNS disorders.This minimally invasive surgical technique has been shown to be effective, and with a low morbidity it is accepted as one of the best therapeutic options for the treatment of palmar and bilateral axillary hyperhidrosis and the number of patients consulting with the intention of having the operation has increased considerably.Although compensatory sweating, which is occasionally intense, often occurs after the surgery, this and other secondary effects of the technique are well tolerated by patients.The current evidence on TSNS and the treatment of essential hyperhidrosis is based on observational studies, making it difficult to compare series and draw conclusions. There has been much discussion on standardising the technique, defining the most favourable levels for clipping, and choosing the type of denervation with least secondary effects. This has led to the need to draw up these guidelines which should clarify and standardise the criteria for managing patients with disorders of TSNS(AU)

Neumotórax catamenial: ¿origen abdominal o torácico? / Catamenial pneumothorax: abdominal or thoracic origin?

Introducción. El neumotórax catamenial es una entidad poco frecuente, que desde su descripción en 1958 ha planteado dudas respecto a su etiología. Esto resulta trascendental si se pretende aportar el tratamiento más idóneo, especialmente si se tiene en cuenta que dada su escasa frecuencia de aparición no permite acumular gran experiencia individual. Objetivo. Nuestro trabajo tiene un doble objetivo: en primer lugar, exponer de forma clara y concisa las hipótesis etiopatológicas planteadas por los distintos autores, así como las diferentes opciones terapéuticas ensayadas y sus resultados. En segundo lugar, aportar un caso tratado en nuestro servicio, que por su evolución permite, en opinión de los autores, sopesar la importancia de las distintas hipótesis etiológicas.Conclusiones. Se han descrito tres teorías fisiopatológicas para explicar el origen de un neumotórax que aparece en relación con la menstruación. La primera de las hipótesis se basa en la existencia de tejido ectópico endometrial en la pleura. La segunda teoría atribuye el origen del aire a la cavidad abdominal, dada la existencia de fenestraciones diafragmáticas, que permitirían el paso de aire al tórax desde la cavidad abdominal. La tercera hipótesis propone la roptura de blebs pulmonares debido a los cambios hormonales que tienen lugar en este período del ciclo menstrual. En el caso que aportamos, se encontraron evidencias para sustentar al menos dos de las hipótesis propuestas, demostrando, en nuestra opinión, un origen multifactorial del proceso que requiere un tratamiento quirúrgico asociado posteriormente a un tratamiento hormonal (AU)