Angioplastia primaria en el Área Norte de Galicia: cambios asistenciales y resultados tras la implantación del programa PROGALIAM / Primary angioplasty in northern Galicia: care changes and results following implementation of the PROGALIAM protocol

Introducción y objetivos. Analizar los resultados y cambios asistenciales del programa de angioplastia primaria del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña tras iniciar el Programa Gallego de Atención al Infarto de Miocardio (PROGALIAM). Métodos. Registro observacional de 1.434 pacientes remitidos para angioplastia primaria entre 2003 y 2007. Los resultados de la era PROGALIAM (de mayo de 2005 a diciembre de 2007; n = 963) se compararon con los de la etapa previa (de enero de 2003 a abril de 2005; n = 388). Resultados. Tras iniciar el PROGALIAM, aumentó el número de casos de angioplastia primaria (etapa previa, 14,4 casos/mes; PROGALIAM, 32,3 casos/mes), la media de edad (etapa previa, 61,3 ± 11,9 años; PROGALIAM, 64,2 ± 11,7 años; p < 0,001) y la proporción de pacientes procedentes de hospitales periféricos y pacientes tratados fuera del horario laboral. La mediana de retraso primer contacto-balón se incrementó en el conjunto del programa (etapa previa, 106 min; etapa PROGALIAM, 113 min; p = 0,02), pero se redujo entre los pacientes procedentes de centros secundarios (etapa previa, 171 min; etapa PROGALIAM, 146 min; p < 0,001). La proporción de casos con retraso primer contacto-balón < 120 min permaneció invariable entre los pacientes del centro intervencionista (etapa previa, 69%; etapa PROGALIAM, 71%; p = 0,56) y se incrementó entre los pacientes de centros periféricos, si bien en este subgrupo continuó siendo baja (etapa previa, 17%; etapa PROGALIAM, 30%; p = 0,04). La mortalidad a 30 días (etapa previa, 5,2%; etapa PROGALIAM, 6,2%; p = 0,85) y a 1 año (etapa previa, 9,5%; etapa PROGALIAM, 10,2%; p = 0,96) fue similar en ambas etapas. Conclusiones. El PROGALIAM ha permitido incrementar la proporción de pacientes tratados con angioplastia primaria manteniendo los resultados de esta terapia (AU)

Introduction and objectives. To analyze changes in healthcare delivery and results for primary angioplasty at Centro Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña following implementation of the PROGALIAM protocol. Methods. Observational registry of 1434 patients referred for primary angioplasty between 2003 and 2007. Results under PROGALIAM (May 2005 - December 2007; n=963) were compared with those from the preceding period (January 2003 - April 2005; n=388). Results. After implementing PROGALIAM, there were increases in the number of primary angioplasty procedures (preceding period, 14.4 cases/month; PROGALIAM, 32.2 cases/month), mean patient age (preceding period, 61.3 (11.9) years; PROGALIAM, 64.2 (11.7) years; P<.001), and the percentage of patients referred from peripheral hospitals and treated after normal working hours. Overall median first medical contact-to-balloon time increased (previous period, 106min; PROGALIAM, 113min; P=.02), but decreased significantly among patients referred from noninterventional centers (previous period, 171min; PROGALIAM, 146min; P<.001). Percentage of cases with an first medical contact-to-balloon time <120min remained unchanged among interventional-center patients (preceding period, 69%; PROGALIAM, 71%; P=.56) and increased among patients at noninterventional centers, although it remained low in this subgroup (preceding period, 17%; PROGALIAM, 30%; P=.04). Thirty-day mortality (preceding period, 5.2%; PROGALIAM, 6.2%; P=.85) and 1-year mortality (preceding period, 9.5%; PROGALIAM, 10.2%; P=.96) remained unchanged. Conclusions. Implementation of PROGALIAM allowed us to increase the percentage of patients receiving primary angioplasty without jeopardizing the clinical results of this treatment (AU)

Primary angioplasty in Northern Galicia: care changes and results following implementation of the PROGALIAM protocol.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To analyze changes in healthcare delivery and results for primary angioplasty at Centro Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña following implementation of the PROGALIAM protocol. METHODS: Observational registry of 1434 patients referred for primary angioplasty between 2003 and 2007. Results under PROGALIAM (May 2005 - December 2007; n=963) were compared with those from the preceding period (January 2003 - April 2005; n=388). RESULTS: After implementing PROGALIAM, there were increases in the number of primary angioplasty procedures (preceding period, 14.4 cases/month; PROGALIAM, 32.2 cases/month), mean patient age (preceding period, 61.3 (11.9) years; PROGALIAM, 64.2 (11.7) years; P<.001), and the percentage of patients referred from peripheral hospitals and treated after normal working hours. Overall median first medical contact-to-balloon time increased (previous period, 106 min; PROGALIAM, 113 min; P=.02), but decreased significantly among patients referred from noninterventional centers (previous period, 171 min; PROGALIAM, 146 min; P<.001). Percentage of cases with an first medical contact-to-balloon time <120 min remained unchanged among interventional-center patients (preceding period, 69%; PROGALIAM, 71%; P=.56) and increased among patients at noninterventional centers, although it remained low in this subgroup (preceding period, 17%; PROGALIAM, 30%; P=.04). Thirty-day mortality (preceding period, 5.2%; PROGALIAM, 6.2%; P=.85) and 1-year mortality (preceding period, 9.5%; PROGALIAM, 10.2%; P=.96) remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of PROGALIAM allowed us to increase the percentage of patients receiving primary angioplasty without jeopardizing the clinical results of this treatment.

Modelo de intervención coronaria percutánea primaria en la Comunidad de Galicia / The primary percutaneous coronary intervention program in Galicia

A pesar de haberse demostrado que la reperfusión precoz mediante intervención coronaria percutánea es la terapia más eficiente en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio, menos del 20% de estos pacientes son tratados así. La generalización del uso de esta terapéutica está muy relacionada con el desarrollo de modelos asistenciales con centros referentes y centros de referencia como nodos de la red. Sobre esta base conceptual, se desarrolló un modelo asistencial en red en la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia. El programa gallego de atención del infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (PROGALIAM), para una población de unos 2.750.000 habitantes. En él se establecieron dos grandes objetivos: disminuir la mortalidad y la morbilidad mejorando la expectativa de calidad de vida del paciente con infarto y promover la equidad en el acceso a las prestaciones del sistema sanitario, para disminuir la variabilidad en el uso de recursos y tecnologías diagnósticas y terapéuticas en este contexto clínico. De forma que por carretera, según las isocronas de transporte del 061, el 92% de la población podía acceder a la realización de una intervención coronaria percutánea primaria en menos de 90 min y el 99%, en menos de 120 min. Desde el año 2006 que se implantó el protocolo hasta diciembre de 2009, se ha tratado en los tres hospitales, nodos de la red (Coruña, Santiago y Vigo) PROGALIAM, a un total de 4.917 pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio. La mediana del tiempo de transporte desde los hospitales sin unidades de hemodinámica a los centros con hemodinámica ha sido de 80 min. Cuando el 061 efectuó un traslado primario (domicilio-hospital con hemodinámica) directo, el tiempo dolor-sala de hemodinámica se acortó en un 39% en comparación con el traslado secundario (pacientes que acudieron a sus hospitales de zona y traslado por el 061 a hospitales con unidades de hemodinámica). La mortalidad media hospitalaria observada ha sido del 5% tras intervención coronaria percutánea primaria y del 12% tras intervención coronaria percutánea de rescate. En conclusión, el establecimiento de un programa de reperfusión coronaria con intervención coronaria percutánea en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio en la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia (PROGALIAM) ha homogeneizado el tratamiento y ha proporcionado la mejor terapéutica posible a estos pacientes, con alta eficiencia en la reducción de la mortalidad (AU)

Although theoretically early reperfusion using percutaneous coronary intervention is the most effective treatment for patients with acute myocardial infarction, less than 20% actually receive it. The region of Galicia in Spain has developed a treatment program and network: the Galician treatment program for STsegment elevation acute myocardial infarction (PROGALIAM), which covers a population of some 2750000 inhabitants. The program has two principal objectives: to reduce mortality and morbidity while improving the quality of life of myocardial infarction patients; and to promote equality of access to health-care services in order to reduce the variability in uptake of diagnostic and therapeutic resources and techniques in patients with the condition. From the establishment of the program in 2006 to December 2009, the three referral hospitals in the PROGALIAM network (in Coruña, Santiago and Vigo) have treated a total of 4917 patients with acute myocardial infarction. The median transport time from a hospital without a catheterization laboratory to a center with such a facility was 80 minutes. When an emergency 061 call resulted in immediate transport to a referral hospital (i.e. from home to catheterization laboratory), the time from symptom onset to catheterization was 39% less than the time following a subsequent referral (i.e. for patients who were admitted to their local hospital and then transferred by the emergency services to a hospital with a catheterization laboratory). Average in-hospital mortality ranged from 5% following primary percutaneous coronary intervention to 12% following rescue percutaneous coronary intervention. In conclusion, the establishment of a program of coronary reperfusion by percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction in the Galicia region (PROGALIAM) both ensured and equalized access to the best possible treatment for these patients, and was highly effective in reducing mortality (AU)

Results of the introduction of an automated external defibrillation programme for non-medical personnel in Galicia.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the plan and development of a programme for the introduction of automated external defibrillation for non medical personnel and to report the results of the first 10 months of activity in a community which is predominently rural, such as Galicia. METHODS: The plan for introduction of the project included aspects of logistics, training and control. We studied cardiac arrests, that were treated in basic life support ambulances (BLS-A) equipped with automated external defibrillators (AEDs), from 1st March to 31st December 2001. RESULTS: Our community benefits from pioneering legislation in Spain. During the 10 months of study, 28 AEDs were in service, mostly in urban areas. In all cases, a thorough control of the quality of the service in which AEDs was used was carried out. 12% of the patients, who were victims of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and were found in ventricular fibrillation (VF), survived and were discharged from hospital. However, the percentage of patients found in VF is only around 26%. This is due to long assistance intervals (from the call to the arrival on site), and an important delay from the moment when circulatory collapse takes place until the emergency service 061 is called, more than 5 min in half the cases. CONCLUSIONS: The programme followed for the introduction of AEDs in Galicia was adapted to the socio-demographic characteristics of the population. The prehospital emergency assistance model was developed, executed and controlled by the Public Emergency Health Foundation of Galicia 061 (PEHF-061). The overall results of our first 10 months experience with the automated external defibrillation programme were as to be expected. In general, they are comparable to other published reports; however, ways of shortening the times from the point of collapse to defibrillation must be found, mainly by training the population and through the extension of automated external defibrillation provision to other first responders.