Incentivo à amamentação exclusiva na perspectiva das puérperas / Incentivo al amamantamiento exclusivo en la perspectiva de las parturientas / Exclusive breastfeeding incentive in the perspective of women in the postpartum period

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o estado psíquico-emocional a partir de relatos de mulheres lactantes participantes do grupo de orientação e apoio à amamentação do Ambulatório de Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo de Hospital localizado no Espírito Santo-Brasil. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com 32 puérperas na primeira consulta pediátrica e observação participante durante os grupos de discussão realizados mensalmente. O estudo realizou o acompanhamento dos binômios mãe-bebês durante os três primeiros meses após o parto. Os dados obtidos ressaltam a importância da existência de grupo multidisciplinar de orientação e apoio à amamentação para as mães e seus familiares, caracterizando-se como espaço de trocas tanto informativas quanto afetivas, um local para esclarecer dúvidas, dividir experiências, construir laços de amizades, proporcionando condições psicológicas e emocionais melhores para as mulheres, as crianças e seus familiares.

This study aimed to evaluate the psychic-emotional state from stories of women of the group of orientation and support of the Exclusive Breastfeeding Clinic in a maternity hospital in a city of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Individual interviews with 32 mothers had been carried through in the first pediatric consultation, and during the discussion groups developed monthly, we carried out the non participant observation technique. The study developed the accompaniment of the mother-babies binomials during the 3 first months after birth. The results stand out the importance that the group of multidiscipline orientation and support to exclusive breast-feeding has for the mothers and their families, characterizing itself as space of both affective and informative exchanges, a place to solve doubts, to share experiences, to build friendship bonds, providing better psychological and emotional conditions for women, children and their families.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el estado psíquico-emocional a partir de relatos de mujeres lactantes participantes del grupo de orientación y apoyo al amamantamiento del Ambulatorio de Amamantamiento Materno Exclusivo del hospital localizado en el estado de Espirito Santo-Brasil. Fueron realizadas entrevistas individuales con 32 parturientas en la primera consulta pediátrica y observación participante durante los grupos de discusión realizados mensualmente. El estudio realizó el acompañamiento de los binomios madre-bebés durante los tres primeros meses después del parto. Los datos obtenidos resaltan la importancia de la existencia de grupo multidisciplinar de orientación y apoyo al amamantamiento para las madres y sus familiares, caracterizándose como espacio de trueques tanto informativos como afectivos, un lugar para clarificar dudas, dividir experiencias, construir lazos de amistades, proporcionando condiciones psicológicas y emocionales mejores para las mujeres, los niños y sus familiares.

Acute effects of clomipramine and fluoxetine on dorsal periaqueductal grey-evoked unconditioned defensive behaviours of the rat.

RATIONALE: Several antidepressants attenuate conditioned escape behaviours reinforced by the terminus of an electrical stimulus applied to the dorsal periaqueductal grey (DPAG). OBJECTIVE: The present study examined whether the antidepressant and antipanic drugs clomipramine (CLM) and fluoxetine (FLX) also attenuate the DPAG-evoked unconditioned defensive behaviours. METHODS: Rats with electrodes in the DPAG were electrically stimulated in the absence of any treatment or 30 min after injections of CLM, FLX or saline. Threshold functions of cumulative response frequencies were fitted through the logistic model and compared using likelihood ratio coincidence tests. RESULTS: CLM produced non-linear effects on galloping, for which median thresholds (I50) were significantly increased (19 +/- 2%) or decreased (22+/-2%) with 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively, or did not change with 20 mg/kg. The latter dose further increased the I(50) of micturition (38 +/- 1%) and decreased the defecation output (-33 +/- 15%). FLX significantly increased the I50 of immobility (22 +/- 2%) and galloping (25 +/- 3%) with 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively. Moreover, corresponding doses either decreased the maximum output (-25 +/- 13%) or increased the I50 (56 +/- 11%) of defecation. Saline was ineffective. CONCLUSIONS: While the attenuation of defecation and micturition by 20 mg/kg CLM suggests a peripheral antimuscarinic action, CLM non-linear effects on galloping were most likely due to its differential action on monoaminergic and cholinergic central mechanisms. In contrast, the attenuation of immobility, galloping and defecation by low doses of FLX suggests a serotonin-mediated antiaversive action. Finally, CLM and FLX acute effects on DPAG-evoked unconditioned galloping response were strikingly similar to those reported for DPAG-evoked shuttle-box conditioned escape.