Isolation of a new broad spectrum antifungal polyene from Streptomyces sp. MTCC 5680.

UNLABELLED: A new polyene macrolide antibiotic PN00053 was isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. wild-type strain MTCC-5680. The producer strain was isolated from fertile mountain soil of Naldehra region, Himachal Pradesh, India. The compound PN00053 was purified through various steps of chromatographic techniques and bio-activity guided fractionation followed by its characterization using physiochemical properties, spectral data ((1) H-NMR, (13) C-NMR, HMBC, HSQC, and COSY) and MS analysis. PN00053 exhibited broad spectrum in vitro antifungal activity against strains of Aspergillus fumigatus (HMR), A. fumigatus ATCC 16424, Candida albicans (I.V.), C. albicans ATCC 14503, C. krusei GO6, C. glabrata HO4, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichophyton sp. as well as fluconazole resistant strains C. krusei GO3 and C. glabrata HO5. It did not inhibit growth of gram positive and gram-negative bacteria, displaying its specificity against fungi. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: PN00053 is a novel polyene macrolide isolated from a wild strain of Streptomyces sp. PM0727240 (MTCC5680), an isolate from the mountainous rocky regions of Himachal Pradesh, India. The compound is a new derivative of the antibiotic Roflamycoin [32, 33-didehydroroflamycoin (DDHR)]. It displayed broad spectrum antifungal activity against yeast and filamentous fungi. However, it did not show any antibacterial activity. The in vitro study revealed that PN00053 has better potency as compared to clinical gold standard fluconazole. The development of pathogenic resistance against the polyenes has been seldom reported. Hence, we envisage PN00053 could be a potential antifungal lead.

X-plasty for repair of burn contractures.

Release of skin contractures across a joint surface by X-incision is presented. The method is particularly suitable for severe and moderate contractures. Resultant long lateral flaps lead to good coverage of the flexor surface of the joint. This prevents recurrence of contracture even in growing children. The method is suitable for any joint.

New economical skin graft expansion wheel.

A simple and economical mesh graft expansion wheel is described. The instrument does not need any consumables--carriers for example--and is very low priced compared with other expanders. A small institution or a private practising surgeon in this country can afford it. It is possible to increase or reduce the number of wheels to individual surgeon's requirements. Different expansion ratios can be obtained by simple changes in design.

Cellophane--a dressing for split-thickness skin graft donor sites.

Cellophane paper has been used as a dressing for split-thickness skin graft donor sites in 251 patients between October 1985 and December 1989. Twelve donor sites in 10 patients were observed in detail to assess the usefulness of this material. The results of the study are presented and the merits and disadvantages of this dressing material have been discussed. In the opinion of the authors the cellophane paper dressing was found to be most satisfactory. It is also cheaper than the newly available dressing materials for the skin donor area.

Histological and bacteriological studies of burn wounds treated with boiled potato peel dressings.

Histological and clinical studies have been made on comparable burn wounds covered with either boiled potato peels affixed to gauze bandages or gauze dressings alone; both dressings were applied over a thin layer of 5 per cent silver sulphadiazine. Compared with treatment with plain gauze dressings, the application of the potato peel dressing reduced or eliminated dessication, permitted the survival of superficial skin cells and hastened epithelial regeneration. Bacteriological studies showed that the potato peels had no intrinsic antibacterial activity, the wounds beneath both dressings showing either no growth or, on most occasions, the same bacterial species. The easy availability of potato peels and gauze bandages on to which they can be affixed, the simplicity of the preparation of this dressing, the ease of sterilization and its low cost of production make this the dressing of choice for burn wounds in our developing country.