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1.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 24(6): 28-35, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056020

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate a new psychometric tool for assessing malocclusion-related quality of life among older Indian adolescents. Methods: Item generation involved analysis of existing validated tools, followed by development of new items using various qualitative steps. A draft item pool of 41 questions was initially generated and subjected to item reduction through sequential steps involving two clinical studies to ensure reliability and validity. 431 subjects aged between 15 to 18 years took part in the validation study. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to get a psychometric tool with good factorial structure and maximum variance. Results: Rotated component matrix resulted in a 20 item psychometric tool containing 4 domains with a total variance of 61.57%. Inter item, item total correlation and Cronbach α (α = 0.88) ensured good reliability. A positive correlation of the scale with global question ensured convergent validity. Independent t test showed statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) between mean score of IOTN-DHC and DAI with MRQoLQ, ensuring good construct validity. Conclusions: The newly developed psychometric tool is named as Malocclusion-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (MRQoLQ) having 20 questions, including 2 socioeconomic items. The scale showed good reliability and initial validity, hence can be used among older adolescents with malocclusion to assess their malocclusion-related quality of life.


RESUMO Objetivo: desenvolver e validar uma nova ferramenta psicométrica para avaliar o impacto da má oclusão na qualidade de vida em pacientes indianos ao final da adolescência. Método: o delineamento do conjunto de itens desse questionário envolveu a análise de ferramentas existentes já validadas, seguida da criação de novos itens, usando vários passos qualitativos. Um conjunto provisório de itens, com 41 perguntas, foi inicialmente formulado e submetido à redução de itens por meio de passos sequenciais envolvendo dois estudos clínicos, para garantir sua validade e confiabilidade. Nesse estudo de validação, participaram 431 pacientes com idades entre 15 e 18 anos. Foi realizada uma análise do componente principal pelo método Varimax, para se obter uma ferramenta psicométrica com boa estrutura fatorial e variância máxima. Resultados: a matriz, após as rotações dos fatores, resultou em uma ferramenta psicométrica com 20 itens, contendo 4 domínios, com uma variância total de 61,57%. As correlações interitens e item-total e o alfa de Cronbach (α = 0,88) confirmaram uma boa confiabilidade. Uma correlação positiva da escala com a questão global assegurou validade convergente. O teste t independente demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significativa (p< 0,05) entre a pontuação média do IOTN-DHC e do DAI com o MRQoLQ, assegurando uma validade bem construída. Conclusões: essa nova ferramenta psicométrica desenvolvida, denominada Questionário "Impacto da Má Oclusão na Qualidade de Vida" (MRQoLQ, do inglês Malocclusion-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire), com 20 perguntas, incluindo 2 itens socioeconômicos, demonstrou boa confiabilidade e validade inicial. Assim, pode ser utilizado em pacientes no final da adolescência, para avaliar o impacto da má oclusão em sua qualidade de vida.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Qualidade de Vida , Má Oclusão , Psicometria , Inquéritos e Questionários , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
2.
J Indian Soc Periodontol ; 23(4): 356-361, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31367134

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Periodic estimation of periodontal disease burden is essential for formulating new treatment strategies, for evaluating preventive strategies, and for framing of new policies. The previous national-level survey among adolescents was held 15 years ago. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of periodontal disease among older adolescent students and to analyze its predictors as part of an oral health assessment survey conducted in Kerala. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multistage cluster sampling was employed among five districts of Kerala to examine 1065 students in the age group of 15-18 years from government and private schools of selected urban and rural areas. Sociodemographic and oral health behavioral data, modified Community Periodontal Index, Oral Hygiene Index Simplified, and Dental Aesthetic Index were taken. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to identify the predictors of gingival bleeding and periodontal pockets. RESULTS: The prevalence of gingival bleeding, periodontal pockets, and loss of attachment was 42%, 13.4%, and 2.7%, respectively. In the adjusted multivariate model for predictors of gingival bleeding, rural location of residence, studying in government schools, high mother's education and their working status, orthodontic treatment need, oral hygiene frequency, and poor oral hygiene status emerged as significant predictors of gingival bleeding. In the multivariate model for periodontal pockets, bleeding on probing emerged as the strongest predictor with an odds ratio of 12.85 when adjusted to poor oral hygiene. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of early periodontal disease among adolescents is significant. Sociodemographic factors, poor oral hygiene, and malocclusion are significant predictors for periodontal disease among adolescents.

3.
Dental Press J Orthod ; 24(6): 28-35, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31994644

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a new psychometric tool for assessing malocclusion-related quality of life among older Indian adolescents. METHODS: Item generation involved analysis of existing validated tools, followed by development of new items using various qualitative steps. A draft item pool of 41 questions was initially generated and subjected to item reduction through sequential steps involving two clinical studies to ensure reliability and validity. 431 subjects aged between 15 to 18 years took part in the validation study. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to get a psychometric tool with good factorial structure and maximum variance. RESULTS: Rotated component matrix resulted in a 20 item psychometric tool containing 4 domains with a total variance of 61.57%. Inter item, item total correlation and Cronbach α (α = 0.88) ensured good reliability. A positive correlation of the scale with global question ensured convergent validity. Independent t test showed statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) between mean score of IOTN-DHC and DAI with MRQoLQ, ensuring good construct validity. CONCLUSIONS: The newly developed psychometric tool is named as Malocclusion-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (MRQoLQ) having 20 questions, including 2 socioeconomic items. The scale showed good reliability and initial validity, hence can be used among older adolescents with malocclusion to assess their malocclusion-related quality of life.


Assuntos
Má Oclusão , Qualidade de Vida , Adolescente , Humanos , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Inquéritos e Questionários
4.
Indian J Dent Res ; 30(6): 826-833, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31939355

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) perception is age-dependent and therefore different for children, adolescents, and adults. Adolescents are a critical age group with specific oral health needs. Oral health needs assessment is not complete without the estimation of OHRQoL. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate an OHRQoL scale for older adolescents considering their functional, social, emotional, academic, and economic situation. METHODS: All steps in psychometric tool development including face, content, and translational validity, pretesting, piloting, and factor analysis were followed. Construct validity was further tested using a cross-sectional study on 400 senior secondary students. Sociodemographic data, Decayed Missing Filled Teeth, Dental Aesthetic Index, and Community Periodontal Index were used to test construct validity. RESULTS: A 20-item tool with five domains (intraclass correlation of 0.857, Cronbach's alpha of 0.811, variance of 64.25%) was developed. Convergent validity was established with a single-item global question and discriminant validity with clinical indices. In the multivariate logistic regression model, malocclusion emerged as the most significant predictor for poor OHRQoL adjusting for socioeconomic status, dental caries, gingival bleeding, and last dental visit. Dental caries and last dental visit also significantly predicted poor OHRQoL in the adjusted regression model. CONCLUSION: The new tool has sound psychometric properties, is relatively short, culturally equivalent, age-specific, and can assess both positive and negative aspects of adolescent oral health. Further testing in longitudinal studies is required to determine its usefulness as an outcome measure.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Qualidade de Vida , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Saúde Bucal , Inquéritos e Questionários
5.
Dent Res J (Isfahan) ; 15(2): 117-122, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29576775

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Endodontic infections require effective removal of microorganisms from the root canal system for long-term prognosis. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most effective irrigant currently, but potential complications due to its toxicity warrant search for newer alternatives. In this study, the antimicrobial efficacy of Morinda citrifolia (MC), green tea polyphenols and Triphala was compared with 5% NaOCl against Enterococcus faecalis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro study sixty extracted human premolar teeth were infected with E. faecalis, a Group D Streptococci for 48 h. At the end of 48 h, the vital bacterial population was assessed by counting the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) on blood agar plate. Samples were divided into five groups; Group I (distilled water), Group II (NaOCl), Group III (MC), Group IV (Triphala), and Group V (green tea polyphenols). The samples were irrigated with individual test agents and CFUs were recorded. Kruskal-Wallis test was performed as the parametric test to compare different groups. Student's t-test was used to compare mean values between groups before and after treatment with test agents (P < 0.001). RESULTS: NaOCl was the most effective irrigant the elimination of E. faecalis reinforcing its role as the best irrigant available currently and a gold standard for comparison of the experimental groups. Its antibacterial effect was comparable to Triphala. Among the experimental groups, MC showed the minimum antibacterial effect. CONCLUSION: The use of herbal alternatives as a root canal irrigant might prove to be advantageous considering the several undesirable characteristics of NaOCl.

6.
Contemp Clin Dent ; 9(4): 541-547, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31772460

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Pain and discomfort due to untreated dental caries lead to eating and sleep disruptions, behavioral changes, and poor quality of life. Among adolescents, severe dental caries may lead to activity restriction, school absenteeism, and poor academic performance. Dietary factors, parent's socioeconomic status, and family income have been associated with dental caries experience. The employment status of the mother is a measure of socioeconomic status of the family. AIMS: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of dental caries and to find out its sociodemographic, oral health behavioral, and clinical determinants among older adolescent (15-18 years) students in Kerala. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at higher secondary schools. METHODS: Oral examination and sociodemographic and oral health behavioral data collection were done among 1065 older adolescent students in the age group 15-18 across five districts of Kerala by a multistage cluster sampling design. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and Significant Caries (SiC) index were taken. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: SPSS version 16 software was employed. Multiple regression analysis was done to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) of predictors of dental caries experience. RESULTS: The overall dental caries experience for the group was 59.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 56.9-62.7). About 40% of students had no caries experience, 43% had DMFT score 1-3, and only 16.8% had DMFT score 4 and more. Mean DMFT was 1.67 (95% CI: 1.56-1.79). Diet preference, timing of sugar intake, and sugar form were not significantly associated with caries. Mean SiC index was 3.90 (95% CI, 3.75-4.05). In the unadjusted analysis, age, gender, place of residence, mother's employment status, school type, frequency of sugar intake, oral hygiene status, and timing of last dental visit were significant. In the adjusted analysis, however, age, male gender, government schools, timing of last dental visit, and employed mothers were significant predictors for higher dental caries experience. CONCLUSIONS: Mother's employment was the strongest predictor (OR 2.82, 95% CI: 2.15-3.69) for dental caries experience among adolescents when adjusted to other variables in the final multivariate model.

7.
Indian J Dent Res ; 25(1): 22-7, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24748293

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Calcium phosphate cements (CPC) are a group of biomaterials possessing wide scope of use in various branches of medical science. These materials have been proposed to be highly biocompatible and osteoconductive. This study is based on a newly developed CPC formulation (Chitra-CPC) and is aimed at the evaluation of its biocompatibility through an Endodontic Usage Test in a porcine study model. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the periapical tissue reaction to Chitra-CPC when used as a root canal sealer/filler material in comparison with a resin sealer, AH Plus (Dentsply). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The procedure was done on porcine animal model following the ISO 7405 criteria. The material was implanted intentionally into the periapical area of 36 teeth through a root canal procedure carried out in six animals which were divided equally among 1-month and 3-month time periods. Results were based on the histological evaluation of the autopsied specimens after the prescribed time periods. RESULTS: Mild to moderate periapical tissue reaction was found in Chitra-CPC samples belonging to the 1-month time period, whereas majority of the 3-month CPC samples showed an absence of inflammation. Samples of AH Plus in 1-month period showed severe to moderate inflammation, whereas 3-month AH Plus samples had a mild to moderate inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: Chitra-CPC is a biocompatible material.


Assuntos
Fosfatos de Cálcio/administração & dosagem , Modelos Animais , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular , Ápice Dentário/fisiologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Suínos
8.
J Conserv Dent ; 16(5): 474-6, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24082582

RESUMO

The discovery of foreign bodies in the teeth is often diagnosed accidentally. It is commonly seen in children. These foreign objects may act as a potential source of infection and may later lead to a painful condition. Detailed case history, clinical and radiographic examinations are necessary to come to a conclusion about the nature, size, and location of the foreign body, and the difficulty involved in its retrieval. This paper discusses the types of foreign objects found in and around the teeth and reports an unusual case of a stapler pin in the root canal of a tooth, its retrieval, and associated management of the involved teeth.

9.
Oral Health Prev Dent ; 11(4): 369-74, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24046825

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To test the effectiveness of yogurt extract as an agent to protect tooth enamel from demineralisation in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The crowns of 80 intact caries-free human premolars were selected, and standardised 5 x 3 mm2 enamel windows were isolated on the buccal and lingual surface of each tooth. The baseline weight of each specimen was recorded. Four demineralising solutions were prepared: S1: lactic acid (LA) at pH 4.8; S2: LA at pH 3.97; S3: LA + yogurt supernatant (YS) at pH 4.8; S4: LA + YS at pH 3.97. The calcium content of each solution was determined using compleximetric titration with Eriochrome black-T. The 80 teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each group was incubated in its corresponding solution at 37°C for 96 h. The specimens were weighed again and the calcium content of the four solutions determined. Five samples from each group were randomly chosen, sectioned through the treatment windows, stained with rhodamine-B and viewed under a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Lesion area (LeA) and average fluorescence (AF) were calculated using Image J software. Total fluorescence (TF) values were obtained by LeA x AF. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of LeA and TF. No statistically significant difference was found between groups in terms of difference in weight. CONCLUSION: Probiotic yogurt extract is effective in reducing demineralisation of enamel under experimental conditions.


Assuntos
Desmineralização do Dente , Iogurte , Análise de Variância , Cárie Dentária , Esmalte Dentário , Humanos , Remineralização Dentária
10.
Dent Traumatol ; 27(3): 217-20, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21535405

RESUMO

The prognosis of teeth replanted following avulsion is determined by the extra-alveolar time and storage medium used. This study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of an oral rehydration solution 'Ricetral', in retaining the vitality of periodontal ligament cells when used as a storage medium for avulsed teeth prior to replantation. The study consisted of a comparative evaluation between Ricetral and two currently recommended solutions, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) and milk. Thirty extracted teeth were dried for 30min and soaked in the respective storage media for 45min. The periodontal ligament cells were isolated by an enzyme treatment with collagenase and trypsin. The cells were evaluated for vitality by trypan blue staining and number of vital cells counted in a hemocytometer. Statistical analysis revealed that cell vitality was high with Ricetral and HBSS, but poor with milk.


Assuntos
Soluções para Preservação de Órgãos/uso terapêutico , Ligamento Periodontal/efeitos dos fármacos , Soluções para Reidratação/uso terapêutico , Avulsão Dentária/patologia , Animais , Contagem de Células , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Corantes , Dessecação , Humanos , Soluções Isotônicas/uso terapêutico , Teste de Materiais , Leite , Ligamento Periodontal/citologia , Fatores de Tempo , Azul Tripano
11.
J Conserv Dent ; 13(1): 42-6, 2010 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20582219

RESUMO

AIM: This in vitro study was conducted on enamel blocks of human premolars with the aim of evaluating the remineralization potential of fluoride and ACP-CPP and the combination of ACP-CPP and fluoride on early enamel lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen intact carious free human premolars were selected. The coronal part of each tooth was sectioned into four parts to make 4 enamel blocks. The baseline SMH (surface microhardness) was measured for all the enamel specimens using Vickers microhardness (VHN) testing machine. Artificial enamel carious lesions were created by inserting the specimens in demineralization solution for 3 consecutive days. The SMH of the demineralised specimens was evaluated. Then the four enamel sections of each tooth were subjected to various surface treatments, i.e. Group 1- Fluoride varnish, Group 2- ACP-CPP cream, Group 3- Fluoride + ACP-CPP & Group 4- Control (No surface treatment). A caries progression test (pH cycling) was carried out, which consisted of alternative demineralization (3hours) and remineralization with artificial saliva (21 hours) for five consecutive days. After pH cycling again SMH of each specimen was assessed to evaluate the remineralization potential of each surface treatment agent. Then, to asses the remineralization potential of various surface treatments at the subsurface level, each enamel specimen was longitudinally sectioned through the centre to expose the subsurface enamel area. Cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH) was evaluated to assess any subsurface remineralization RESULTS: Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparisons test was applied to detect significant differences at P

12.
J Biomed Opt ; 15(2): 027001, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20459276

RESUMO

We present the clinical applicability of fluorescence ratio reference standard (FRRS) to discriminate different stages of dental caries. Toward this, laser-induced autofluorescence emission spectra are recorded in vivo in the 400- to 800-nm spectral range on a miniature fiber optic spectrometer from 65 patients, with a 404-nm diode laser as the excitation source. Autofluorescence spectra of sound teeth consist of a broad emission at 500 nm that is typical of natural enamel, whereas in caries teeth additional peaks are seen at 635 and 680 nm due to emission from porphyrin compounds in oral bacteria. Scatter plots are developed to differentiate sound teeth from enamel caries, sound teeth from dentinal caries, and enamel caries from dentinal caries using the mean fluorescence intensity (FI) and ratios F500F635 and F500F680 measured from 25 sites of sound teeth and 65 sites of carious teeth. The sensitivity and specificity of both the FI and FRRS are determined. It is observed that a diagnostic algorithm based on FRRS scatter plots is able to discriminate enamel caries from sound teeth, dentinal caries from sound teeth, and enamel from dentinal caries with overall sensitivities of 85, 100, and 88% and specificities of 90, 100, and 77%, respectively.


Assuntos
Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Lasers , Espectrometria de Fluorescência/normas , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Índia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valores de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
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