[Intracorporeal anastomosis in laparoscopic right-sided hemicolectomy]. / Ispol'zovanie intrakorporal'nogo anastomoza pri laparoskopicheskoi pravostoronnei gemikolektomii.

OBJECTIVE: To compare short-term results of intracorporeal (IA) and extracorporeal anastomosis (EA) in laparoscopic right-sided hemicolectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective and prospective analysis included 105 patients who underwent laparoscopic right-sided hemicolectomy with intracorporeal and extracorporeal anastomosis between 2016 and February 2021. RESULTS: We analyzed 105 patients including 64 women and 41 men. Mean age of patients was 62.8±1.5 years in the EA group and 64.7±3.9 years in the IA group. Mean BMI was 24.8±0.5 kg/m2 in the EA group (range 19 - 34.5) and 24.3±1.0 kg/m2 in the IA group (range 21 - 30.4). Intracorporeal anastomosis was performed in 33 patients, extracorporeal anastomosis - in 72 ones. Surgery time was 180.0±7.3 min in the EA group and 214.2±17.7 min in the IA group. There were 8 complications in the EA group (p=0.046). No mortality was observed. Redo surgery rate was 4.16% in the EA group, while there were no redo procedures in the IA group. Postoperative hospital-stay was 12.2±0.5 days in the EA group and 8.8±1.0 days in the IA group. CONSLUSION: Intracorporeal anastomosis is a safe approach for laparoscopic right-sided hemicolectomy.

[Effects of artificial tears on ocular surface in glaucomatous patients with long-term instillation of preserved antiglaucoma eye drops]. / Vliianie slezozamenitelei na sostoianie poverkhnosti glaza pri dlitel'nom ispol'zovanii gipotenzivnykh sredstv s konservantami.

PURPOSE: To study the effects of long-term instillation of 0.18% sodium hyaluronate artificial tears VISMED multi on ocular surface in glaucomatous patients with long-term instillation of preserved anti-glaucoma drops. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 79 patients (40 female and 39 male; 79 eyes in total) with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) divided into 3 groups according to disease stage: mild or early (stage I) glaucoma - 15 patients (15 eyes), moderate (stage II) glaucoma - 30 patients (30 eyes), advanced or severe (stage III) glaucoma - 34 patients (34 eyes). Conjunctival and corneal changes were assessed with Norn's test, Schirmer I test and corneal fluorescein staining test. All patients completed Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Corneal compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc) was measured using Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) (Reichert Optics Inc., USA). In addition to hypotensive therapy, all patients received instillations of 0.18% sodium hyaluronate (VISMED multi) three times every day. After 14 days, all examinations were repeated. RESULTS: The condition of eye surface in patients with moderate and advanced (stage II and III) glaucoma depends on the degree of IOPcc compensation. As glaucoma increases in severity, the pathological changes in the ocular surface progress. Instillations of 0.18% sodium hyaluronate solution lead to significant improvement of the test results in all groups, and in early glaucoma patients it restores all objective indicators to normal values. CONCLUSION: Treatment with 0.18% sodium hyaluronate solution (VISMED multi) leads to statistically significant (p<0.05) improvement of ocular surface condition in glaucoma patients with long-term instillation of preserved antiglaucoma eye drops.

PROBLEMS OF ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIGENIC CHARACTERIZATION OF RECENT HUMAN A(H3N2) INFLUENZA VIRUSES.

Human A (H3N2) influenza viruses are distinguished by a high rate of evolution and regularly cause epidemics around the world. Their ability to adapt and to escape from the host's immune response and to change their receptor specificity is very high. Over the past 20 years, these viruses have lost the ability to agglutinate red blood cells of chickens and turkeys and have practically ceased to propagate in chicken embryos - the main source of influenza vaccines. Isolation of viruses in the MDCK cell culture led to the selection of strains that lose one of the potential glycosylation sites. Many of the A (H3N2) strains have acquired mutations in neuraminidase, which distort the results of antigenic analysis in the hemagglutination inhibition test - the cornerstone method for the analysis of the match between viral isolates circulating in human population to strains selected for the influenza vaccines. In this regard, the characteristics of the antigenic properties of influenza A (H3N2) viruses by traditional methods become poorly informative, and the selection of vaccine strains of this subtype is erroneous, which is reflected in the discrepancy between vaccine and circulating A (H3N2) viruses in recent years (2013-2014, 2014 -2015, 2015-2016). The search, development and implementation of new algorithms for the isolation and antigen analysis of influenza A (H3N2) viruses are extremely urgent.

[Anxiety disorders diagnostic algorithm in cancer patients].

The article defines the basic principles of anxiety disorders diagnosis (anxious-phobic disorders, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder) in cancer patients in accordance with the evidence-based medicine. There are provided typical clinical manifestations, features and variants of courses of disease. There is proposed the anxiety-phobic disorders diagnosis algorithm. There are characterized clinical, experimental, psychological, laboratory methods and are highlighted stages of diagnostic process.

[Etiology, epidemiology and psychotherapy of comorbid psychiatric disorders in cancer patients].

The scientific review reflects the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in oncological and hematological diseases. The ratio of occurrence of anxiety and depressive disorders in different nosological forms of cancer was considered. There were described clinical presentation and particular manifestations of depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with malignant tumors. Pathogenetic mechanisms and risk factors of mentioned disorders in cancer were determined. The basic models and targets of psychotherapy for comorbid psychiatric disorders in cancer patients were considered as well.

[Age-related Peculiarities of Succinate Effect on Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Rat Liver Mitochondria].

The antioxidant effect of succinate and 3-hydroxybutyrate oxidation on the kinetics of lipid peroxidation induced by ATP-Fe2+ complex in isolated rat liver mitochondria of old (1.0-1.5 years) and young (3 months) male rats was investigated. The rate of induced lipid peroxidation V(LPO) in rat liver mitochondria and the half-time of oxygen consumption Δt50, which included the lag period and the initiation. phase, was recorded polarographically. Without exogenous oxidative-substrates V(LPO) was slightly higher in mitochondria of old animals, but the onset of lipid peroxidation cascade was significantly earlier than in young animals. Incubation of mitochondria with 5mM succinate for 1 min inhibited V(LPO) by 15% in young animals and by 35% in old animals. However, only in mitochondria of old animals Δt50 increased by 19% as compared to lipid peroxidation without substrates. V(LPO) in mitochondria of young animals did not significantly change during 3-hydroxybutyrate oxidation, while in mitochondria of old animals it was reduced by 19% with a slight increase in Δt50. To simulate age-dependent dysfunction we damaged isolated mitochondria by a series of freeze-thaw cycles, which caused a significant increase of V(LPO) of.both age groups. Succinate oxidation inhibited V(LPO) in damaged mitochondria in all cases by 56%, as compared to V(LPO) without oxidative substrates and extended At50 twofold in mitochondria of young animals. Oxidation of 3-hydroxybutyrate had no effect on V(LPO) in damaged mitochondria regardless of animal, age and extended Δt50 by 48% in mitochondria of young animals. Thus, the antioxidant effect of succinate oxidation can prevent lipid peroxidation damage and may exhibit geroprotective action at the level of aging mitochondria. Therefore, the antioxidant effect is due to the process of substrate oxidation in the respiratory chain but not because of an interaction of their structures with membrane lipids per se.

Burst of succinate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity in concert with the expression of genes coding for respiratory chain proteins underlies short-term beneficial physiological stress in mitochondria.

Conditions for the realization in rats of moderate physiological stress (PHS) (30-120 min) were selected, which preferentially increase adaptive restorative processes without adverse responses typical of harmful stress (HST). The succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KDH) activity and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria were measured in lymphocytes by the cytobiochemical method, which detects the regulation of mitochondria in the organism with high sensitivity. These mitochondrial markers undergo an initial 10-20-fold burst of activity followed by a decrease to a level exceeding the quiescent state 2-3-fold by 120 min of PHS. By 30-60 min, the rise in SDH activity was greater than in KDH activity, while the activity of KDH prevailed over that of SDH by 120 min. The attenuation of SDH hyperactivity during PHS occurs by a mechanism other than oxaloacetate inhibition developed under HST. The dynamics of SDH and KDH activity corresponds to the known physiological replacement of adrenergic regulation by cholinergic during PHS, which is confirmed here by mitochondrial markers because their activity reflects these two types of nerve regulation, respectively. The domination of cholinergic regulation provides the overrestoration of expenditures for activity. In essence, this phenomenon corresponds to the training of the organism. It was first revealed in mitochondria after a single short-time stress episode. The burst of ROS formation was congruous with changes in SDH and KDH activity, as well as in ucp2 and cox3 expression, while the activity of SDH was inversely dependent on the expression of the gene of its catalytic subunit in the spleen. As the SDH activity enhanced, the expression of the succinate receptor decreased with subsequent dramatic rise when the activity was becoming lower. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: Bioenergetic dysfunction, adaption and therapy.

[Antidiuretic hormone content in the blood plasma of patients with chronic circulatory insufficiency]. / O soderzhanii antidiureticheskogo gormona v plazme krovi bol'nykh s khronicheskoi nedostatochnost'iu krovoobrashcheniia

The antidiuretic hormone (ADH) content in the blood plasma in comparison with its osmosis, the mass of circulating blood and the Na/K ratio in the urine was studied in 59 patients with rheumatic heart disease, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis and chronic nonspecific affections of the lungs with and without circulatory insufficiency. The blood plasma ADH level is shown to increase significantly only with circulatory insufficiency of the IIB-III stage, whereas the plasma osmosis first has a tendency to rise and then gradually declines. This may suggest a deranged regulation of the ADH secretion with a higher osmosis of the plasma. No clear-cut parallelism between changes in the ADH level, the mass of circulating blood and plasma, the Na/K ratio in the urine and diurnal urinary output could be noted.