Semen quality of Nellore and Angus bulls classified by fertility indices and relations with field fertility in fixed-time artificial insemination.

Despite being the most important form of biotechnology in animal reproduction, artificial insemination was used in about 23% of Brazilian bovine herds in 2021. This is due to the variability of results caused by varying bull fertility and body condition of the cows. This study aimed to correlate the fertility indices of bulls with qualitative attributes of the semen. Semen samples from 28 bulls (Nellore and Angus) were used to evaluate postthaw sperm morphology and kinetics using conventional analysis, image-based flow cytometry (IBFC) and computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). The fertility index was effective in separating bulls into 4 different fertility classes (P < 0.001), and fertility rates in timed artificial insemination (TAI) remained constant between the cows' fertility categories (P < 0.001) and in the different grades of female body condition (P < 0.005). After partial least squares regression (PLS) analysis, four models were proposed with different variables. The coefficients of determination for the conventional analysis, CASA, and IBCFC models were 0.154, 0.380, and 0.259, respectively. The composite model, including select IBFC and CASA parameters, showed a greater R2 (0.481) with progressive motility, average speed (VAP, µm/s), membrane integrity, and mitochondrial potential, showing a positive effect. Linear speed (VSL, µm/s) and acrosomal integrity had a negative effect on bull fertility indices. Bulls classified by the fertility index attained dispersed pregnancy rates in different cow body condition score (BCS) classes, and the sperm quality pattern was consistent with this classification. In conclusion, this novel composite model including CASA and IBFC parameters improves the prediction of bull fertility used in TAI.

Metaplastic breast cancer with chondroid differentiation-case report and literature review.

Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) comprises less than 1% of all breast cancers, and it is defined by a mixture of adenocarcinoma plus mesenchymal and epithelial components. It is more common in older and black female patients. It has a larger size and faster growth, and it is frequently node-negative and triple-negative when compared with invasive ductal carcinoma. The authors report the case of a 72-year-old female patient, presenting with a breast lump, whose biopsy revealed a probable MBC with chondroid differentiation. She underwent a breast conservative surgery (BCS) and axillary sentinel lymph node dissection (SLND). The pathological report was concordant with the biopsy, and the patient was proposed to chemoradiotherapy. Despite its rarity and more severe features at diagnosis, BCS plus SLND plus radiotherapy should be offered to these patients, associated with chemotherapy. Chondroid differentiation is the rarest of all histological subtypes.

Comportamiento suicida, intoxicación por drogas y lesiones cutáneas / Suicide behaviour, drug intoxication and skin lesions

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Bullous skin lesions with eccrine gland necrosis have been repeatedly described in drug-induced coma, while similar cutaneosus changes in patients with non-drugin-duced coma have only rarely been reported. We present one comatose patients with bullous skin lesión and eccrine gland necrosis on the dependent part of the body. These findings suggest that the hyperthermia, coupled with hy-poxia and local pressure could cause sweat gland fatigue and degeneration

Bradyrhizobium Lipid A: Immunological Properties and Molecular Basis of Its Binding to the Myeloid Differentiation Protein-2/Toll-Like Receptor 4 Complex.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are potent activator of the innate immune response through the binding to the myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2)/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) receptor complexes. Although a variety of LPSs have been characterized so far, a detailed molecular description of the structure-activity relationship of the lipid A part has yet to be clarified. Photosynthetic Bradyrhizobium strains, symbiont of Aeschynomene legumes, express distinctive LPSs bearing very long-chain fatty acids with a hopanoid moiety covalently linked to the lipid A region. Here, we investigated the immunological properties of LPSs isolated from Bradyrhizobium strains on both murine and human immune systems. We found that they exhibit a weak agonistic activity and, more interestingly, a potent inhibitory effect on MD-2/TLR4 activation exerted by toxic enterobacterial LPSs. By applying computational modeling techniques, we also furnished a plausible explanation for the Bradyrhizobium LPS inhibitory activity at atomic level, revealing that its uncommon lipid A chemical features could impair the proper formation of the receptorial complex, and/or has a destabilizing effect on the pre-assembled complex itself.

Spanish validation of the family questionnaire (FQ) in families of patients with an eating disorder / Validación española del Family Questionnaire (FQ) en familias de pacientes con un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Family Questionnaire (FQ) and to further examine the differences between mothers' and fathers' emotional response to an eating disorder (ED). METHOD: A total of 382 carers of patients with an ED participated in the study, with ages ranging from forty to fifty-three years old. RESULTS: The use of confirmatory factor analysis according to gender supported both factor models of the FQ, with only minor differences in comparison to the original study performed in 2002 by Wiedemann and collegues. The internal consistency of the Spanish version of the FQ was good. Mothers displayed significantly higher levels of emotional over-involvement than fathers, while gender differences in critical comments were nonsignificant. The correlation of the two subscales of the FQ with a conceptually related measure (Expressed Emotion) and two unrelated ones (negative caregiving experience, distress) supports the convergent and concurrent validity of the instrument in both samples. CONCLUSIONS: The FQ has adequate psychometric properties and may be of value in assessing the impact of ED symptoms on the family environment. Finally, interventions that aim to reduce Expressed Emotion in carers may consider a gender-specific approach

ANTECEDENTES: el objetivo del estudio es evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del Family Questionnaire (FQ) y examinar diferencias en la respuesta emocional de madres y padres ante un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria (TCA). MÉTODO: 382 cuidadores de pacientes con un TCA participaron en el estudio, con edades comprendidas entre 40 y 53 años. RESULTADOS: los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio según género apoyaron ambas estructuras factoriales del FQ, con solo pequeñas diferencias en comparación con el trabajo original realizado en 2002 por Wiedemann y colaboradores. La versión española del FQ presentó buena consistencia interna. Las madres puntuaron significativamente más alto en sobreimplicación emocional que los padres, mientras que las diferencias de género en comentarios críticos no eran significativas. La correlación de las subescalas del FQ con una medida conceptualmente equivalente (Emoción Expresada) y dos medidas no equivalentes (experiencia negativa del cuidador, ansiedad) apoyaron la validez convergente y concurrente del instrumento para ambas muestras. CONCLUSIONES: el FQ tiene adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y puede ser útil para evaluar el impacto de los síntomas del TCA en el entorno familiar. Sería recomendable que las intervenciones familiares destinadas a reducir los niveles de Emoción Expresada tuvieran en cuenta una perspectiva de género

Spanish validation of the Family Questionnaire (FQ) in families of patients with an eating disorder.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Family Questionnaire (FQ) and to further examine the differences between mothers' and fathers' emotional response to an eating disorder (ED). METHOD: A total of 382 carers of patients with an ED participated in the study, with ages ranging from forty to fifty-three years old. RESULTS: The use of confirmatory factor analysis according to gender supported both factor models of the FQ, with only minor differences in comparison to the original study performed in 2002 by Wiedemann and collegues. The internal consistency of the Spanish version of the FQ was good. Mothers displayed significantly higher levels of emotional over-involvement than fathers, while gender differences in critical comments were nonsignificant. The correlation of the two subscales of the FQ with a conceptually related measure (Expressed Emotion) and two unrelated ones (negative caregiving experience, distress) supports the convergent and concurrent validity of the instrument in both samples. CONCLUSIONS: The FQ has adequate psychometric properties and may be of value in assessing the impact of ED symptoms on the family environment. Finally, interventions that aim to reduce Expressed Emotion in carers may consider a gender-specific approach.

Mondor's disease in puerperium: case report.

Mondor's disease is a rare entity characterized by sclerosing thrombophlebitis classically involving one or more of the subcutaneous veins of the breast and anterior chest wall. It is usually a self-limited, benign condition, despite of rare cases of association to cancer. We present the case of a 32 year-old female, breast-feeding, who went to emergency due to left mastalgia for the past week. She was taking antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, previously prescribed for suspicious of mastitis, for three days, with no clinical improvement. Physical examination showed an enlarged left breast, an axillary lump and a painful cord-like structure in the upper outer quadrant of the same breast. Ultrasound scan showed a markedly dilated superficial vein in the upper outer quadrant of left breast. The patient was given a ventropic therapy and was kept in anti-inflammatory, with progressive pain improvement. Ultrasound control was performed after four weeks, showing reperfusion.

Mondor's disease in puerperium: case report / Doença de Mondor no puerpério: caso clínico

Mondor's disease is a rare entity characterized by sclerosing thrombophlebitis classically involving one or more of the subcutaneous veins of the breast and anterior chest wall. It is usually a self-limited, benign condition, despite of rare cases of association to cancer. We present the case of a 32 year-old female, breast-feeding, who went to emergency due to left mastalgia for the past week. She was taking antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, previously prescribed for suspicious of mastitis, for three days, with no clinical improvement. Physical examination showed an enlarged left breast, an axillary lump and a painful cord-like structure in the upper outer quadrant of the same breast. Ultrasound scan showed a markedly dilated superficial vein in the upper outer quadrant of left breast. The patient was given a ventropic therapy and was kept in anti-inflammatory, with progressive pain improvement. Ultrasound control was performed after four weeks, showing reperfusion.

A doença de Mondor é entidade rara caracterizada por tromboflebite esclerosante envolvendo classicamente uma ou mais das veias subcutâneas da mama e da parede torácica anterior. Trata-se de condição benigna normalmente auto-limitada, apesar de raros casos de associação ao câncer. Descreve-se o caso de uma mulher lactante de 32 anos de idade, que procurou serviço de emergência devido a mastalgia do lado direito na última semana. A paciente estava tomando antibióticos, mas não medicamentos esteroides anti-inflamatórios, previamente prescritos devido a suspeita de mastite, nos últimos três dias, sem melhora clínica. O exame físico mostrou o seio esquerdo aumentado, um nódulo axilar e uma estrutura dolorosa em formato de corda no quadrante superior externo da mesma mama. A ultrassonografia revelou uma veia superficial acentuadamente dilatada no quadrante superior externo da mama esquerda. A paciente recebeu terapia venotrópica and manteve o tratamento com anti-inflamatórios, com melhora progressiva da dor. Controle ultrassonográfico foi realizado após quatro semana, mostrando reperfusão.

Relación entre el síndrome de burnout, psicopatología y ambiente en el trabajo de enfermeras de hospital general / Relation between burnout syndrome, psychopathology, and environment in the work of general hospital nurses

Objetivo: El presente estudio analiza la relación que existe entre el síndrome de burnout, diversos factores psicopatológicos y variables de ambientes en el trabajo. Método: El estudio se realizó en una muestra de 117 enfermeras de hospital general. Se utilizó el Maslach Burnout Inventory, la Symptom Checklist-90-Revisada y la Work Environmental Scale. Los datos fueron analizados mediante análisis factorial. Resultados: Se obtuvieron como resultado dos factores básicos: el primero en el que se relaciona la psicopatología con agotamiento emocional y otro en que se relaciona un ambiente en el trabajo positivo con buen logro personal. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio apoya la idea de que además de estudiar variables organizacionales que se relacionan con el burnout, es necesario prestar atención a variables personales que pueden estar implicadas en el proceso del síndrome (AU)

Personality profiles of the morbidly obese after vertical banded gastroplasty.

BACKGROUND: The authors attempted to determine if mental status could predict personality profiles, 18 months after surgery in morbidly obese patients. METHODS: Personality characteristics of 100 morbidly obese patients (85 female, 15 male) were analyzed after bariatric surgery (vertical banded gastroplasty). Patients were given the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II (MCMI-II). Data were compared with a Spanish clinical population to validate the test in our country. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in Schizoid scale (P<0.0001), Paranoid scale (P<0.001), Histrionic scale (P<0.0001), Compulsive scale (P<0.0001), and Delusional disorder scale (P<0.0001) between the two groups. When psychiatric comorbidity appeared, there were higher values on these scales. CONCLUSIONS: Morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery show traits and personality disturbances, and the mental state impairs the personality structure.

History of anorexia nervosa in bulimic patients: its influence on body composition.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the body composition of a group of patients fulfilling DSM-IV criteria for bulimia nervosa (BN), comparing the patients who had a history of DSM-IV anorexia nervosa (AN) with those without such a history to determine (1) whether both groups differed in terms of body composition and (2) whether the differences between groups could be the consequence of the past condition. METHODS: The sample consisted of 104 patients, 43 with prior AN (BN-AN group) and 61 without a history of AN (BN-nonAN). The patients were assessed using anthropometric and bioelectrical methods: height and weight, body circumferences, abdominal diameter, skinfold thickness, and body impedance analysis. In a later phase and to test the influence of current low weight on the results, two experimental groups were created: the first group was composed of the patients from the BN-AN group who had a normal body mass index (BMI range in this group, 20.1-23.4 kg/m2; n = 23); the second group consisted of 23 patients from the BN-nonAN group in the same BMI range. In both phases unpaired sample t tests were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: More than 40% of the bulimic patients with a history of AN had a BMI less than 20. They had a lower percentage of body fat, lower muscle mass, and higher percentage of extracellular water. Nevertheless, most of these differences disappeared in the second phase of the analysis, when only the patients within a normal weight range were compared. DISCUSSION: According to these results, a significant number of bulimic patients with a history of AN tend to retain some clinical traits of the past condition and could be viewed as remaining in a "subclinical anorexic status": they are thinner and seem to have less difficulties in maintaining low weight than patients without a history of AN. Nevertheless, in patients who have reached a normal weight after AN, all these differences disappear. This fact raises some important questions related to the boundaries between AN and BN, the shifting from one to another, or when AN patients really recover.

Diferencias psicológicas en pacientes con obesidad mórbida tras cirugía gástrica / Psychological differences in morbidly obese patients after bariatric surgery

Analizar el estado psicológico de los pacientes con obesidad mórbida que son sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico para perder peso. Analizamos la pérdida de peso en 100 pacientes con obesidad mórbida (85 mujeres y 15 hombres) tras ser sometidos a cirugía bariátrica (gastroplastia vertical bandeada). Relacionamos el porcentaje de pérdida de peso, calidad de vida, conducta alimentaria, psicopatología y rasgos de personalidad en todos los pacientes según el tiempo trancurrido. Los pacientes que llevan menos de un año intervenidos pierden menos peso, tienen más insatisfación corporal y manifiestan sus rasgos de personalidad. Tras 2 años de la intervención quirúrgica, la pérdida de peso es importante, tienen peor calidad de vida, estado psicológico y conducta alimentaria. El tratamiento quirúrgico es una opción correcta en la pérdida de peso de los pacientes con obesidad mórbida. El mayor malestar psicológico tras dos años de cirugía apunta a la necesidad de protocolizar este tipo de intervención incluyendo sistemáticamente a facultativos de la salud mental en el manejo de estos enfermos antes y después de la cirugía (AU)

Impulsive behaviors in bulimic patients: relation to general psychopathology.

OBJECTIVE: At a general level, impulsivity is related to both bulimic and general psychopathology. However, it is a complex construct, and the specific role of different forms of impulsivity in psychopathology remains to be determined. The present study of bulimic outpatients examined the association of internally and externally directed impulsive behaviors with general and bulimic psychopathology. METHODS: Thirty female bulimic outpatients completed standardized measures of bulimic attitudes/behaviors, general psychopathology and impulsive behaviors. RESULTS: While general psychopathology was associated with internally directed impulsive behaviors (e.g., self-harm), bulimic pathology was more specifically linked with externally directed impulsivity (e.g., theft; reckless driving). DISCUSSION: The results indicate that the bulimia-impulsivity link in eating disordered patients is not simply a by-product of the broader association of impulsivity with psychopathology. Therefore, bulimic pathology does not seem to be just a manifestation of general psychological disturbance. Further research is suggested to test these results and potential clinical implications are outlined.

Psicopatología en pacientes con obesidad mórbida poscirugía gástrica / Psychopathology in patients with morbid obesity after gastric surgery

Se sabe que la obesidad mórbida es una enfermedad compleja que puede deberse a factores biológicos, psicológicos o sociales, además de estar influida por determinados factores metabólicos y de comportamiento. Se analizó la psicopatología de un grupo compuesto por 100 pacientes (85 mujeres, 15 hombres) con obesidad mórbida, que habían recibido tratamiento quirúrgico de restricción gástrica (gastroplastia vertical bandeada) para perder peso. Cada paciente completó la Symptom Check List- 90-R (SCL-90-R) 18 meses después de la cirugía; 40 (40(por ciento) cumplieron criterios CIE-10 de patología psiquiátrica. Se determinaron los diagnósticos psiquiátricos más frecuentes: trastornos afectivos, de ansiedad, alimentarios (trastorno por atracón, anorexia nerviosa, bulimia nerviosa) y dependencia de alcohol. Se precisó la conflictiva de pareja en el 50(por ciento) de las pacientes con patología psiquiátrica. El estudio de regresión logística ha mostrado relación entre la existencia de patología psiquiátrica y las escalas de depresión, ansiedad, hostilidad e índice de severidad general de la SCL-90-R. No se halló relación entre la edad de inicio y la psicopatología detectada. Se comprobó que los pacientes con enfermedad mórbida presentan una importante tasa de patología psiquiátrica y elevados niveles de malestar psicológico y dicho estado se relaciona con el índice de severidad general de la SCL-90R(AU)

Psicopatología en pacientes con obesidad mórbida poscirugía gástrica / Psychopathology in patients with morbid obesity after gastric surgery

Se sabe que la obesidad mórbida es una enfermedad compleja que puede deberse a factores biológicos, psicológicos o sociales, además de estar influida por determinados factores metabólicos y de comportamiento. Se analizó la psicopatología de un grupo compuesto por 100 pacientes (85 mujeres, 15 hombres) con obesidad mórbida, que habían recibido tratamiento quirúrgico de restricción gástrica (gastroplastia vertical bandeada) para perder peso. Cada paciente completó la Symptom Check List- 90-R (SCL-90-R) 18 meses después de la cirugía; 40 (40(por ciento) cumplieron criterios CIE-10 de patología psiquiátrica. Se determinaron los diagnósticos psiquiátricos más frecuentes: trastornos afectivos, de ansiedad, alimentarios (trastorno por atracón, anorexia nerviosa, bulimia nerviosa) y dependencia de alcohol. Se precisó la conflictiva de pareja en el 50(por ciento) de las pacientes con patología psiquiátrica. El estudio de regresión logística ha mostrado relación entre la existencia de patología psiquiátrica y las escalas de depresión, ansiedad, hostilidad e índice de severidad general de la SCL-90-R. No se halló relación entre la edad de inicio y la psicopatología detectada. Se comprobó que los pacientes con enfermedad mórbida presentan una importante tasa de patología psiquiátrica y elevados niveles de malestar psicológico y dicho estado se relaciona con el índice de severidad general de la SCL-90R(AU)

It is known that morbid obesity is a complex disease that may be caused by biological, psychological or social factors and that certain metabolic and compartmental factors influence on it. The psychopathology of a group made up of 100 patients (85 women, 15 men) with morbid obesity that had undergone surgical treatment of gastric restriction (vertical banding gastroplasty) to lose weight was analyzed. Each patient completed the Symptom Check List-90-R (SCL-90-R). 18 months after surgery, 40 of them (40 percent) fulfilled the ICD-10 criteria of psychiatric pathology. The most frequent psychiatric diagnoses were determined: affective disturbance, anxiety disorder and food disorder (disturbance due to gluttony, nervous anorexia and nervous bulimia) and alcohol dependence. The conflict of the couple was observed in 50 percent of the patients with psychiatric pathology. The logistic regression study has shown a relationship between the existance of psychiatric pathology and the scales of depression, anxiety, hostility and index of general severity of the SCL-90-R. No relation was found between the age at onset and the detected psychopathology. It was proved that the patients with morbid disease present an important rate of psychiatric pathology and high levels of psychological malaise and such state is related to the index of general severity of the SCL-90-R(AU)

Características clínicas de los pacientes con obesidad mórbida / Clinical features in morbidly obese patients

La obesidad mórbida es una enfermedad grave y potencialmente mortal que ha recibido poca atención en las últimas décadas en la literatura científica. Sin embargo, actualmente, ha habido un aumento en el estudio y tratamiento de los problemas de obesidad grave, ya que se han desarrollado tratamientos quirúrgicos seguros y eficaces para la obesidad mórbida. Este artículo intenta dar unas líneas prácticas sobre el manejo y tratamiento de la obesidad mórbida desde la perspectiva de los profesionales de la salud mental. (AU)

Gastric surgery and restraint from food as triggering factors of eating disorders in morbid obesity.

UNLABELLED: Obese patients may share some clinical features with anorexia nervosa patients because they risk developing an eating disorder when they diet. Methods and Results Some common etiological, psychological, and social factors have been proposed for both disorders. We present two cases of patients suffering from morbid obesity who, after weight loss, presented an intense fear of regaining weight and developed anorexic-like symptoms. In the first case, the symptoms appeared after gastric reduction surgery. In the second case, a strict diet was the triggering factor. DISCUSSION: This paper stresses the need for psychiatric evaluation of all patients with morbid obesity who seek treatment in clinical settings, in order to identify the factors that may lead to psychiatric complications.

El miedo a madurar en mujeres con obesidad mórbida postgastrectomía: predictores clínicos / A note on maturity fears in morbidly obese women undergoing gastric surgery

Analizar la conducta alimentaria en pacientes que son sometidos a cirugía bariátrica. Material y Método: Se administró el Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) a 85 mujeres con obesidad mórbida intervenidas de cirugía gástrica (gastroplastia vertical bandeada) para perder peso. Resultados: La edad de las pacientes antes de la cirugía y la edad de inicio de la obesidad se relaciona con el Miedo a Madurar del EDI, de forma que cuanto mayor es el paciente y más tarde aparece la obesidad, el miedo a crecer es más intenso. Discusión: Estos hallazgos irían en la dirección de dependencia, inmadurez y miedo a crecer descritos en la población con obesidad mórbida. (AU)

Análisis del síndrome de burnout: psicopatología, estilos de afrontamiento y clima social (II) / Burnout syndrome: psychopaatology, confrontational approach and social climate (II)

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Insight, psychopathology, and interpersonal relationships in schizophrenia.

Insight of patients with schizophrenia seems to be a complex phenomenon that includes elements of a psychological, psychopathological, neurocognitive, and interactional nature. The purpose of this research was to study two of these areas (psychopathology and interpersonal relationships) in order to determine their influence on insight and their interrelation. Eighty-two outpatients fulfilling DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia were studied using the Schedule for the Assessment of Insight (SAI), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the Social Cognitions and Object Relations Scale (SCORS). Bivariate correlations and multiple regression tests were performed. The positive component of the PANSS and the understanding of social causality (SCORS) appeared as the most significant variables related to level of insight. Positive symptoms were inversely related to insight, whereas understanding of social causality was directly associated with an appropriate awareness of illness. These results support the idea that insight is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon. In this respect, the study of the psychopathological dimension of insight should be accompanied by the consideration of interactional and social factors, because awareness of illness can be considered ultimately as an index of concordance between patients' views of the illness and cultural standards regarding mental disorders.