Enteroparasites from the American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) in Toluca Valley, Mexico.

We examined 82 fresh fecal samples from American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) at San Pablo Autopan, Toluca Valley, central Mexico, December 2021 to April 2022. Eggs of Contracaecum spp. were observed in 100%, Capillaria spp. in two (2.5%), Strongyloides spp. in eight (9.7%), and coccidial oocysts in 12 (15%).

Coffee Pulp: A Natural Alternative for Control of Resistant Nematodes in Small Ruminants.

Goat production in Mexico is an important economic activity that is affected by different gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) species. GINs resistant to commercial anthelmintics have been reported. Plant extracts or agro-industrial by-products, such as coffee pulp, have been proposed as control alternatives, given their secondary metabolite content. The aim of the present study was to determine the anthelmintic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of coffee pulp against benzimidazole-resistant GINs. Stool samples were collected from goats, from which GIN eggs were identified and quantified. Molecular techniques confirmed the genus of GINs and their benzimidazole resistance profile. The percentage of egg hatching inhibition (% EHI) and larval mortality (% LM) with the hydroalcoholic extract of coffee pulp was determined at concentrations from 200 to 0.39 mg/mL. The genera Haemonchus spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. were identified, and the presence of the ß-tubulin gene mutation, associated with benzimidazole (BZ) resistance, was determined. Hydroalcoholic extract of coffee pulp inhibited 100% of egg hatching at 200 and 100 mg/mL, with no larvicidal effect at the evaluated concentrations.

5,10-Dihydrobenzo[ a]indolo[2,3- c]carbazoles as Novel OLED Emitters.

The excited-state dynamics of four 5,10-dihydrobenzo[ a]indolo[2,3- c]carbazoles in solution and in films were studied with stationary and time-resolved spectroscopies. The solvent dependency of the photophysics reveals no appreciable dipole moment in the ground state. In the excited state, electron-withdrawing substituents contribute to an outspoken charge-transfer character. In films, although the molecules are mostly present as monomers, the excited-state dynamics are characterized by a cascade of energy-transfer processes to excited dimers and aggregates which dominate the photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The properties of the aggregates depend on the used substituents. The electroluminescence spectra obtained from single-layer and multilayer devices mostly resemble the PL spectra, but show contributions from other species such as electromers or electroplexes. It is inferred that the different substituents lead to a different packing of the carbazole moieties, each of which has different mobilities and recombination probabilities.

Sensitivity of Coriandrum sativum extract on bacterial pathogens isolated from digestive system of rabbits, and its role on in vitro cecal gas production and fermentation.

The present context was aimed to investigate the antibacterial potency of aqueous extract of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) leaves against bacterial pathogens isolated from the organs associated with digestive system of rabbit. This study also evaluated the influence of varied doses of aqueous extract of C. sativum (AECS) leaves on in vitro gas production (GP), methane (CH4) production, and some other pivotal fermentation parameters from caecal sample of rabbits. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated from mouth, caecum, and anus of rabbits, and further identified through morphological, biochemical, and molecular tools. The growth inhibitory characteristics of AECS against pathogens were determined using disc diffusion assay. Surprisingly, the result revealed lack of antibacterial potential at tested concentrations. Further, in order to demonstrate the in vitro GP and fermentation parameters in rabbits, four treatments comprising of 0, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 mL extract/g dry matter (DM) of AECS were used. Results showed no linear or quadratic effect (P > 0.05) on in vitro GP and CH4 production after the supplementation of AECS in the feeding diet. However, the inclusion of AECS at the concentration of 1.8 mL/g DM exhibited the lowest asymptotic CH4 production and initial delay prior to CH4 production. Similarly, the addition of AECS at 1.8 mL/g DM concentration reduced asymptotic GP as well as CH4 production, and improved fermentation parameters of rabbits when compared with the control and other tested doses. In a nutshell, the tested doses of AECS showed lack of antibacterial trait against the pathogenic bacteria isolated from mouth, caecum, and anus of rabbits. Besides, the AECS exhibited the unique potentiality of reducing GP and improving diversified fermentation parameters in rabbits, thereby suggesting its plausible role as an alternative to commercially available growth promoters in livestock industries.