RESUMO
Children born preterm may have aberrant adiposity. At school age, we evaluated body fat and fat distribution in 45 former preterm infants (birth weight < or = 1800 g and gestational age < 34 weeks) and 40 children born at term using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Children born preterm exhibited lower total body fat mass and total body fat mass index compared with children born at term. Fat mass indexes in the limbs but not the trunk were lower in children born preterm than in children born at term. In conclusion, children born preterm, evaluated at school age, may be at risk for altered regional adiposity.
Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Distribuição da Gordura Corporal , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Recém-Nascido Prematuro/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Absorciometria de Fóton/métodos , Peso ao Nascer , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate whether an early neurofunctional assessment (at 12 months' corrected age) is predictive of cognitive outcome at 36 months of age in extremely low birth weight infants. METHODS: We conducted an observational longitudinal study. Neurodevelopmental outcome by means of a neurofunctional assessment was evaluated at 12 months' corrected age and 36 months' chronological age in 141 extremely low birth weight children. Cognitive outcome was assessed with use of the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scale. RESULTS: A significant association was found between the 12-month neurofunctional status and cognitive performance at 36 months. A higher general quotient on the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scale at 36 months was observed in infants who exhibited normal (score: < or = 1) neurodevelopment compared with children who exhibited minor (score: 2) and major (score: > or = 3) dysfunctions at the 12-month neurofunctional evaluation (99 +/- 6.8 vs 85.3 +/- 16.3 vs 57.3 +/- 22.0). A score of > or = 2 at the 12-month neurofunctional assessment, abnormal brain MRI results at term, and chronic lung disease remained predictive of cognitive delay at 36 months of age and also after adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: The 12-month neurofunctional evaluation may be an additional useful clinical tool in predicting later cognitive outcome in extremely low birth weight children.
