RESUMO
Incidence and radiologic findings of neurocysticercosis were investigated in a series of 23,800 consecutive head examinations using computed tomography (CT). The condition was diagnosed in 168 cases (0.7%). The parenchymatous form was the most common presentation (96.3%), while the meningeal form corresponded to only 11.9 per cent of cases. These two forms coexisted in some cases. These findings reversed the knowledge on the condition based on conventional radiography. The different CT appearances in the brain are described and a new radiologic protocol for the CT evaluation of the condition is advocated, which includes a follow-up after a trial cure with Praziquantel in the presence of cysts not associated with suggestive brain calcifications. CT was more sensitive than conventional radiography in the differentiation between dead and living larvae, thus having an impact on the therapeutic management of the patients.
Assuntos
Encefalopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Cisticercose/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Encefalopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Encefalopatias/epidemiologia , Criança , Cisticercose/tratamento farmacológico , Cisticercose/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Portugal , Praziquantel/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
The authors describe a case of supratentorial haemangioblastoma, presenting with epileptic fits, without association with polycythemia, or Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, which, if present, would have given a clinical clue as to the nature of the lesion.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemangiossarcoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Lobo Frontal/diagnóstico por imagem , Lobo Frontal/patologia , Hemangiossarcoma/patologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Lobo Parietal/diagnóstico por imagem , Lobo Parietal/patologiaRESUMO
The results of real time ultrasound (US) examination of palpable lesions located in the muscle and tendon area of the extremities are reported in a series of 67 patients. The US appearance of various lesions is described. The contribution of real time US (B mode) during muscular contraction to the diagnosis and the results of diagnostic fine needle punctures (FNP) and their value are discussed.
Assuntos
Extremidades/patologia , Músculos/patologia , Doenças Musculares/diagnóstico , Tendões/patologia , Ultrassonografia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Infecções Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Criança , Feminino , Corpos Estranhos/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculos/lesões , Punções , Traumatismos dos Tendões/patologiaRESUMO
Visual dysfunction as part of cerebral palsy may be due to lesions of the retrochiasmatic visual pathways. Cranial computed tomography can reveal conspicuous and characteristic abnormalities in most patients presenting with the condition; however, in some patients the abnormalities may appear so subtle on computed tomography that they can be easily overlooked or their true significance questioned. Magnetic resonance imaging has proved to be of great value in demonstrating the neuroanatomic anomalies underlying the visual handicap of this latter group of patients, allowing for early diagnosis and precise management.
Assuntos
Dano Encefálico Crônico/complicações , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Lobo Occipital/patologia , Transtornos da Visão/etiologia , Adulto , Dano Encefálico Crônico/diagnóstico , Infarto Cerebral/complicações , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
The familial occurrence of intracranial aneurysms and the possible relationship with connective tissue disease are discussed. We studied a large family in which seven members presented with aneurysms. Another family member presented with a subarachnoidal hemorrhage. Two other family members each presented with Marfan's syndrome and an unclassified multiple congenital anomalies syndrome, respectively. The multiplicity of the aneurysms in four members is in excess of that found in sporadic or familial cases with intracranial aneurysms. We suggest a common cause, eg, a connective tissue disorder for both the intracranial aneurysms, the Marfan's syndrome, and the unclassified syndrome.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas/genética , Aneurisma Intracraniano/genética , Anormalidades Múltiplas/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Angiografia Cerebral , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/complicações , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/complicações , Aneurisma Intracraniano/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Síndrome de Marfan/complicações , Síndrome de Marfan/genética , Linhagem , Ruptura Espontânea , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/etiologiaRESUMO
Computed tomography is a very sensitive and fairly specific imaging mode for diagnosing herniated disks in patients with low back pain and radiculopathy. We describe a new CT sign associated with posterior disk herniation that consists of a bony defect on the lower posterior angle of the proximal vertebral body and endplate shown on CT generated digital radiograms. This finding, by no means constant, is encountered frequently enough to be described as a sign of posterior disk protrusion. It often occurs concomitantly with posterior avulsion of a bone fragment probably related to avascular bone necrosis of the posterior inferior angle of the endplate.
Assuntos
Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Adulto , Dor nas Costas/diagnóstico por imagem , Erros de Diagnóstico , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polineuropatias/diagnóstico por imagemAssuntos
Carcinoma Broncogênico/complicações , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Derrame Pericárdico/etiologia , Veia Cava Superior/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Broncogênico/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Derrame Pericárdico/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Doenças Vasculares/etiologiaRESUMO
The authors discuss the value of intravenous contrast enhancement in CT scanning in acute head injury. In a series of seventy consecutive patients they conclude that no incremental information was obtained by performing contrast-enhanced CT scans in the acute phase of the head injury.
Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Meios de Contraste , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , HumanosAssuntos
Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Bulbo/diagnóstico por imagem , Compressão da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Encefalopatias/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Mielografia , Compressão da Medula Espinal/etiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The authors describe a case of panmedullary ependymoma presenting with multiple cysts complicated by fatty deposits in the spinal cord from C6 to D2 as demonstrated by CT-scanning. To the authors' best knowledge the combination of these features have not been described previously. The radiological, operative and histological findings are discussed and compared with those of other panmedullary spinal cord tumours such as astrocytomas.