Synthetic dataset of speckle images for fiber optic temperature sensor.

The published data correspond to images of simulated specklegrams, which result from the calculation of the modal interference that occurs in a multimode optical fiber. These have a characteristic pattern due to the constructive or destructive interference between the light modes depending on their phase differences. The specklegram contains valuable information since the propagation of the modes varies according to the influence of some external disturbances, and therefore, the speckle pattern changes. This dataset contains specklegrams that vary according to the temperature. These data have been obtained by simulation using the finite element method (FEM) through the COMSOL multiphysics platform. In the simulation, the vector wave equation is solved, and the refractive index of the fiber is recalculated due to the temperature change. We simulated a 1490 nm wavelength laser, an optical fiber with a core diameter of 50 µm and cladding diameter of 125 µm. The dataset contains specklegrams covering the range of temperatures from 0°C to 120°C in 0.2°C steps.

Use of Virtual Reality and Videogames in the Physiotherapy Treatment of Stroke Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

A stroke is a neurological condition with a high impact in terms of physical disability in the adult population, requiring specific and effective rehabilitative approaches. Virtual reality (VR), a technological approach in constant evolution, has great applicability in many fields of rehabilitation, including strokes. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of a traditional neurological physiotherapy-based approach combined with the implementation of a specific VR-based program in the treatment of patients following rehabilitation after a stroke. Participants (n = 24) diagnosed with a stroke in the last six months were randomly allocated into a control group (n = 12) and an experimental group (n = 12). Both groups received one-hour sessions of neurological physiotherapy over 6 weeks, whilst the experimental group was, in addition, supplemented with VR. Patients were assessed through the Daniels and Worthingham Scale, Modified Ashworth Scale, Motor Index, Trunk Control Test, Tinetti Balance Scale, Berg Balance Scale and the Functional Ambulation Classification of the Hospital of Sagunto. Statistically significant improvements were obtained in the experimental group with respect to the control group on the Motricity Index (p = 0.005), Trunk Control Test (p = 0.008), Tinetti Balance Scale (p = 0.004), Berg Balance Scale (p = 0.007) and the Functional Ambulation Classification of the Hospital of Sagunto (p = 0.038). The use of VR in addition to the traditional physiotherapy approach is a useful strategy in the treatment of strokes.

Incidencia y factores asociados con las reacciones adversas tras la primera dosis de la vacuna Pfizer-BioNTech en trabajadores de la salud.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of adverse reactions (AR) after the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, and to identify some factors associated with AR. METHOD: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Data were obtained through an epidemiological survey answered online. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with early (< 2 h) and late (≥ 2 h) AR. RESULTS: A total of 2295 health care workers were included; in them, the cumulative incidence of AR was 18.2% (95% confidence interval: 16.6-19.8), where the majority were late (78.2%). The associated factors that increased the risk of early AR were being female (odds ratio [OR]: 2.23, p = 0.002) and belonging to the medical staff (OR: 1.56; p = 0.041). In late AR were being female (OR: 1.94; p < 0.0001); on the other hand, diabetes (OR: 0.46; p = 0.021), asthma (OR: 0.53; p = 0.040) and smoking (OR: 0.44, p = 0.002) were inversely associated factors. Interestingly, history of COVID-19 was not associated with either early or late AR. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of presenting some type of AR due to the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in health care workers is < 20%.

OBJETIVO: Determinar la incidencia de reacciones adversas (RA) tras la primera dosis de la vacuna Pfizer-BioNTech e identificar algunos factores asociados con ellas. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante una encuesta epidemiológica contestada en línea. Se realizaron análisis multivariados para identificar factores asociados con las RA tempranas (< 2 h) y tardías (≥ 2 h). RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 2295 trabajadores de la salud; en ellos, la incidencia acumulada de RA fue del 18.2% (intervalo de confianza del 95%: 16.6-19.8%) y la mayoría fueron tardías (78.2%). Las RA tempranas más frecuentes fueron dolor local, cefalea y mareo; en las tardías fueron dolor local, cefalea y fatiga. No se documentaron casos de anafilaxia; sin embargo, en el grupo de RA tempranas y tardías hubo un caso y tres casos, respectivamente, con síntomas sistémicos que afectaron a dos órganos diferentes. Los factores asociados que incrementaron el riesgo de RA tempranas fueron ser mujer (odds ratio [OR]: 2.23; p = 0.002) y pertenecer al personal médico (OR: 1.56; p = 0.041). En las RA tardías fue ser mujer (OR: 1.94; p < 0.0001); por su parte, la diabetes (OR: 0.46; p = 0.021), el asma (OR: 0.53; p = 0.040) y el tabaquismo (OR: 0.44; p = 0.002) fueron factores asociados inversamente. Es interesante que la historia de COVID-19 no se asoció con RA tempranas ni tardías. CONCLUSIONES: El riesgo de presentar algún tipo de RA debido a la vacuna Pfizer-BioNTech en trabajadores de la salud es < 20%.

Infección por SARS - CoV-2 posterior a la inmunización artificial e híbrida en el personal de salud / SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection after artificial and hybrid immunization in healthcare workers

Reportes actuales sugieren que el antecedente de infección por SARS - CoV-2 y completar un esquema de vacunación otorga mayor protección contra la presentación sintomática de COVID -19. Se comparó el riesgo de enfermar de COVID -19 entre el personal de salud con esquema completo de vacuna contra SARS - CoV-2 BNT162b2 y el antecedente de infección por SARS - CoV-2. Estudio de cohorte histórica en 1874 trabajadores de la salud del Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara inmunizados con la vacuna BNT162b2 entre enero y marzo de 2021. Después de seis meses de seguimiento, el grupo de no expuestos (sin antecedente de infección) fue de 1397 y el grupo expuesto (con antecedente de infección), de 477 sujetos. La incidencia de infección por SARS - CoV-2 fue de 39 casos. El riesgo de infección en la cohorte posterior a la inmunización fue de 0,021. El grupo de inmunización híbrida presentó un riesgo menor de infección comparado con el grupo de inmunización artificial (0,015 y 0,243). La inmunización híbrida contribuyó a una reducción del riesgo atribuible a la población de 0,003 (R0 0,024; Rp 0,020). La hospitalización se presentó en el 7,69 % de los casos confirmados con SARS - CoV-2. El riesgo de hospitalización en inmunización híbrida es de 0,210 y de 0,143 en el grupo de inmunización artificial (RR 1,46 IC95 % 0,13 -16,11). Se llegó a la conclusión que la inmunización híbrida podría contribuir a reducir el riesgo de infección por SARS - CoV-2, potenciando la inmunidad generada por la vacuna contra COVID -19

Current reports suggest that a history of SARS - CoV-2 infection and completing a vaccination schedule provides greater protection against the symptomatic presentation of COVID -19. The risk of becoming ill with COVID -19 was compared between health personnel with a complete SARS - CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine schedule and a history of SARS - CoV-2 infection. Historical cohort study in 1874 health workers of the New Civil Hospital of Guadalajara immunized with the BNT162b2 vaccine between January and March 2021. After six months of follow-up, the non-exposed group (without a history of infection) was 1397 and the exposed group (with a history of infection), of 477 subjects. The incidence of SARS - CoV-2 infection was 39 cases. The risk of infection in the post-immunization cohort was 0.021. The hybrid immunization group had a lower risk of infection compared to the artificial immunization group (0.015 and 0.243). Hybrid immunization contributed to a population-attributable risk reduction of 0.003 (R0 0.024, Rp 0.020). Hospitalization occurred in 7.69% of confirmed cases with SARS - CoV-2. The risk of hospitalization in hybrid immunization is 0.210 and 0.143 in the artificial immunization group (RR 1.46 CI95% 0.13 -16.11). It was concluded that hybrid immunization could help reduce the risk of SARS - CoV-2 infection, enhancing the immunity generated by the vaccine against COVID -19

Does treadmill workstation use affect user's kinematic gait symmetry?

The effects of treadmill workstation use on kinematic gait symmetry and computer work performance remain unclear. The purpose of this pilot study was to analyze the effects of treadmill workstation use on lower body motion symmetry while performing a typing task when compared to overground and treadmill walking. The lower body motion of ten healthy adults (6 males and 4 females) was recorded by a motion capture system. Hip, knee, and ankle joint rotations were computed and compared for each condition. Despite comparable lower body kinematic gait asymmetries across conditions, asymmetric knee flexion motions at early gait cycle were only found in treadmill workstation users (left knee significantly more flexed than the right one). This demonstrates that the interaction between walking and another task is dependent on the task cognitive content. Our findings suggest that lower body kinematic gait symmetry may be influenced by the use of treadmill workstations.

A Phase III Randomized Clinical Trial of a 0.5% Timolol + 0.2% Brimonidine + 2.0% Dorzolamide Fixed Combination, Preservative-Free Ophthalmic Solution vs. 0.5% Timolol + 0.2% Brimonidine + 2.0% Dorzolamide Fixed Combination in Patients with Controlled Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this prospective crossover study was to evaluate the non-inferiority of PRO-122 (a preservative-free fixed combination) compared with 0.5% timolol + 0.2% brimonidine + 2.0% dorzolamide fixed combination (KOF) by evaluating its efficacy, tolerability and safety in subjects with controlled primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) previously treated with KOF for at least 2 months. METHODS: In a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-masked multicenter study, patients previously treated with KOF were randomly assigned to receive either PRO-122 or KOF for 30 days. On day 31, the A sequence changed to KOF, while the B sequence received PRO-122. All patients remained in the protocol for 30 additional days for a total of 60 days. The main efficacy endpoint was maintaining the controlled intraocular pressure (IOP). The safety and tolerability of both products were assessed by the presence of adverse events (AEs), ocular findings, a questionnaire on ocular comfort and the VF-14 index. RESULTS: A total of 51 patients participated. After application of PRO-122 twice a day, its efficacy was demonstrated through maintenance of the controlled IOP in patients previously controlled with KOF. The crossover between PRO-122 and KOF and vice versa, after 30 days of use, did not affect IOP control. PRO-122 was shown not to be inferior to KOF in maintaining IOP at control levels. The safety of both drugs is similar, as neither presented drug-related AEs or differences regarding safety issues. The tolerability of the two medications-evaluated by ocular findings, the questionnaire on ocular comfort and the VF-14 index-was also determined to be similar. CONCLUSIONS: The controlled IOP in patients with controlled POAG treated with PRO-122 was maintained both in relation to the initial controlled IOP of the study and when compared with KOF in the B sequence. Finally, the treatment with PRO-122 demonstrated similar safety and tolerability to KOF. FUNDING: Laboratorios Sophia, S.A. de C.V. (Zapopan, Jalisco, México). TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03257813 (registered retrospectively).

Analysis of photonic crystal fibers: Scalar solution and polarization correction.

A numerical approach based on the scalar finite element method is applied to analyse the modal properties of photonic crystal fibers having a solid core and a cladding region with either circular or non-circular microstructured holes. A correction which accounts for the polarization effects due to the large refractive index difference between silica materials and air holes is included in the analysis. Numerical results show that the proposed technique is an efficient and accurate alternative to vector ones.

Educación en lactancia materna durante el control prenatal, hospital general de Medellín, diciembre 1993 – abril 1994 / Breastfeeding information during prenatal controls. Medellín General Hospital, December 1993 – April 1994

Para evaluar la educación sobre lactancia materna durante el control prenatal, se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo en 399 maternas postgrado del Hospital General de Medellín, entre diciembre de 1993 y abril de 1994. 382 realizaron control prenatal (95.8 por ciento). El promedio de consultas fue 5.46. – se encontró que 37 por ciento tenían primaria completa o incompleta y 57 por ciento bachillerato completo o incompleto. 81.5 por ciento vivían en el área metropolitana y el 51 por ciento eran primigestantes. Recibieron instrucciones sobre amamantamiento el 85.3 por ciento de las que hicieron control prenatal: 67.8 por ciento alimentar al pecho cada vez que el niño lo pida, 39 por ciento mantener cantidad apropiada, 12.3 por ciento cómo recolectar la leche, 23 por ciento recibió charlas o videos y 3.7 por ciento fue instruido sobre grupos de apoyo. En las encuestadas que no hicieron control prenatal el porcentaje fue 23.5 por ciento, 11.8 por ciento y 5.9 por ciento en las tres primeras instrucciones sobre amamantamiento y 0 por ciento en cada una de las dos últimas...

Manejo de heridas quirurgicas contaminadas y sucias con cuatro modalidades de tratamiento local / Management of contaminated and dirty surgical wounds with different local treatment modalities

En el periodo comprendido entre marzo y noviembre de 1986 se estudiaron en el Servicio de Cirugia General del Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paul de Medellin, 216 pacientes de sexo masculino, con heridas quirurgicas potencialmente infectadas, clasificadas como sucias o contaminadas. Aleatoriamente se los distribuyo en cuatro grupos para propositos del tratamiento local, asi: grupo 1: solucion salina a presion (59 pacientes); grupo 2: iodo-povidona (51 pacientes); grupo 3: panela (57 pacientes) y grupo 4 : sin tratamiento local (49 pacientes). El indice de infeccion fue 18% en los 106 pacientes con heridas contaminadas y 25% en los 110 que tenian heridas sucias; en ninguno de los dos grupos hubo deferencias atribuibles a la modalidad de tratamiento local. Se encontro que en las siguientes circunstancias el indice de infeccion era significativamente menor: a) cuando el paciente recibia antibioticos tanto en el preoperatorio como en el postoperatorio; b) cuando el cultivo de la herida era negativo o el recuento de bacterias resultaba inferior a 10 a la 5 bacterias por gramo de tejido. La frecuencia de cultivos positivos fue significativamente menor en los pacientes tratados con solucion salina a presion que en los tratados con panela o dejados sin tratamiento; sin embargo, la frecuencia de evidencias de infeccion fue similar en los pacientes de los 4 grupos. En 95% de los pacientes con cultivos negativos se logro el cierre primario tardio de la herida; en comparacion, ello solo ocurrio en 56% de quienes tenian cultivo positivo con recuentos inferiores a...

Between March and November 1986 we studled 216 men with potentially infected surgical wounds (either contaminated or diny). For the purpose of local treatment they were allocated to one of 4 groups, namely: 1) pressure irrigation with saline solution; 2) lodo-povidone solution; 3) application of panela (unrefined brown sugar); 4) no local treatment. infection indexes were 18% and 25% in patients with contaminated and diny wounds respectively; no differences attributable to the local treatment procedure were found. infection index was significantly lower In the following circumstances: a) In patients that received antibiotics both before and after the operation; b) In those with culture results that were either negative or lower than 105 bacteria per gram of tissue.Frequency of positive wound cultures was significantly lower in patients with saline pressure irrigation as compared to those treated with panela or left without treatment. However, the frequency of clinical evidences of infection was similar In the 4 groups. In patients with negative cultures late primary closure was achieved in 95% of the cases; the corresponding figure for those with positive results (but under 105 bacteria per gram) was 56%. We conclude that pressure Irr1gatlon of the wound with saline solution is advantageous in relation to the other methods employed in this study.

Disfunción miocárdica transitoria por asfixia / Transient myocardial dysfunction due to asphyxia

De 100 niños escogidos al azar con faringitis aguda, se realizó estudio epidemiológico, clinico y bacteriológico en 93 con el objetivo de valorar la importancia de estos parámetros para estabelecer la etiológia. No se encontró estreptococo patógeno en menores de 2 años. De 11 síntomas y 26 signos solo se encontró correlación estadísticamente significativa entre inflamación de la mucosa nasal y ausencia de estreptococo patógeno. El número de Leucocitos presentes en el frotis faríngeo y la presencia de cocos intraleucocitarios prometen ser un parámetro para la diferenciación etiológica. La frecuencia de complicaciones piógenas es importante 6%, encontrándose como factores predisponente la rinitis crónica