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1.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 49(6)dic. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1423720

RESUMO

Las investigaciones en kiwicha de grano color negro y rosado (Amaranthus caudatus L.) son muy limitadas ocasionando la subutilización de estos ecotipos debido al desconocimiento de su potencial alimentario. Estos granos nativos deberían ser rescatados y valorados como una opción de alimento nutritivo empleando tecnologías sencillas como la germinación para mejorar sus cualidades nutricionales. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el impacto del periodo de germinación en los compuestos bioactivos de dos ecotipos de kiwicha de "grano color negro" y "grano color rosado". En un diseño experimental y comparativo se estudiaron los ecotipos de kiwicha (negro y rosado) y periodos de germinación (0, 24, 48 y 72 h). Se determinó: compuestos fenólicos totales, betalaínas, capacidad antioxidante, proteínas, grasas, cenizas y humedad. Al aumentar el periodo de germinación se incrementaron progresivamente los compuestos fenólicos totales, betalaínas, capacidad antioxidante, proteínas y cenizas en ambos granos de kiwicha; y disminuyeron gradualmente el contenido de grasas y humedad, comparado con el periodo cero (granos sin germinar). La exposición a periodos de germinación logró mayores contenidos de compuestos fenólicos totales, capacidad antioxidante, proteínas y cenizas en granos de kiwicha de color negro en comparación a granos de color rosado; sin embargo, los granos de color rosado obtuvieron contenidos de betalaínas y humedades superiores a los granos de color negro.


Research on black and pink-colored kiwicha grains (Amaranthus caudatus L.) is very limited, resulting in the underutilization of these ecotypes due to the lack of knowledge of their food potential. These native grains should be rescued and valued as a nutritious food option using simple technologies such as germination to improve their nutritional qualities. The objective of the research was to determine the impact of the germination period on the bioactive compounds of two ecotypes of kiwicha "black-colored grain" and "pink-colored grain". In an experimental and comparative design, kiwicha ecotypes (black and pink) and germination periods (0, 24, 48 and 72 h) were studied. The following were determined: total phenolic compounds, betalains, antioxidant capacity, protein, fat, ash and moisture. As the germination period increased, total phenolic compounds, betalains, antioxidant capacity, proteins and ashes progressively increased in both kiwicha grains; and fat and moisture content gradually decreased, compared to the zero period (ungerminated grains). Exposure to germination periods resulted in higher contents of total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, proteins and ashes in black-colored kiwicha grains compared to pink-colored grains; however, pink-colored grains obtained higher betalain and moisture content than black-colored grains.

2.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf ; 19(6): 3323-3342, 2020 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33337060

RESUMO

Peru has a commodities-based economy where agriculture plays an essential role in the nation's development. Among agricultural products, fruits and vegetables are foundational to Peruvian culture and a healthy and nutritious diet. Produce is also the primary income source for thousands of small-scale farmers and producers throughout the country. Peru has significant potential to export agricultural and value-added products. Nevertheless, the Peruvian food chain has weak food safety and quality standards, limiting access to international markets. The inherent lack of food safety surveillance and management systems negatively affects public health. In the past decade, fresh and raw produce has been associated with several foodborne outbreaks worldwide, resulting in significant health and economic losses. This alarming situation for public health officials and regulators has called for the strengthening of produce safety standards and food safety risk management for safer food and to reduce the incidence of foodborne illnesses. This review summarizes the current status of produce safety in Peru and explores opportunities (e.g., policy, university capacity development) toward a safer food system.


Assuntos
Microbiologia de Alimentos , Inocuidade dos Alimentos/métodos , Agricultura/métodos , Contaminação de Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Peru , Saúde Pública/legislação & jurisprudência , Saúde Pública/normas
3.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 21(3): e110, sept.-dic. 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093836

RESUMO

Introducción: resulta de interés para médicos y especialistas el conocimiento sobre la incapacidad de la apertura de la cavidad oral debido a coaliciones entre los elementos óseos y fibrosos en la región glenoidea. Objetivo: revisar la literatura sobre las características de esta patología. Desarrollo: en el primer trimestre del año 2006, a fin de realizar una revisión bibliográfica no exhaustiva para localizar la información disponible sobre la anquilosis de la articulación temporomandibular, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Scielo, Medline, Isi Web of Knowlegde y Dialnet, buscando como palabras clave: anquilosis (ankylosis) y articulación temporomandibular (temporomandibular joint). Además de la búsqueda computarizada se realizó una búsqueda manual entre las referencias de los estudios seleccionados. Conclusiones: la anquilosis temporomandibular resulta una entidad clínica compleja, usualmente molesta para los pacientes dada la imposibilidad de alimentarse y nutrirse adecuadamente, además de las deformidades que desde el punto de vista estético afecta la esfera psicológica de las personas aquejadas. Su tratamiento es difícil, no obstante, una atención adecuada minimiza las consecuencias de las complicaciones que pueden aparecer como resultado de la técnica quirúrgica u otros factores no relacionados con ella. Se reconoce que una identificación y tratamiento oportuno del problema puede favorecer los buenos resultados de la conducta médica y la rápida integración del paciente a la sociedad(AU)


Introduction: it is of interest for physicians and specialist's knowledge about the inability of the opening of the oral cavity due to coalitions between the bone and fibrous elements in the glenoid region. Objective: to review the literature on the characteristics of this pathology. Development: in the first quarter of 2006, in order to perform a non-exhaustive literature review to locate the available information on ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint, a literature search was carried out in Scielo, Medline, Isi Web of Knowlegde and Dialnet, searching as key words: ankylosis (ankylosis) and temporomandibular joint (temporomandibular joint). In addition to the computerized search, a manual search was made among the references of the selected studies. Conclusions: the temporomandibular ankylosis is a complex clinical entity, usually annoying for patients given the impossibility of feeding and nourishing adequately, in addition to the deformities that from the aesthetic point of view affects the psychological sphere of the people afflicted. Its treatment is difficult, nevertheless, an adequate attention minimizes the consequences of the complications that can appear as a result of the surgical technique or other factors not related to it. It is recognized that an identification and timely treatment of the problem can favor the good results of medical behavior and the rapid integration of the patient into society(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Articulação Temporomandibular/anormalidades , Doenças Mandibulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Anquilose/epidemiologia , Boca
4.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 21(2): e85, mayo.-ago. 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093816

RESUMO

Introducción: el dolor en el paciente reumático puede presentarse, en forma de dolor agudo o crónico, de carácter más complejo, de mayor duración (a partir de 3 meses) o que permanece una vez solucionada la lesión. Objetivo: precisar algunas regularidades sobre este tipo de dolor en el paciente reumático. Desarrollo: es de alta significación considerar en la evaluación del enfermo con dolor crónico el rol de las vías de afrontamiento. Conclusiones: el carácter del manejo del dolor es multifactorial, lo que obliga a implementar intervenciones multifactoriales complejas para perfeccionar el tratamiento apropiado(AU)


Introduction: the pain in the rheumatic patient can present, in the form of acute or chronic pain, more complex nature, of greater duration (from 3 months) or that remains after the injury has been resolved. Objective: to focus on some regularities on this type of pain in the rheumatic patient. Development: it is highly significant to consider in the evaluation of the patient with chronic pain the role of the coping ways. Conclusions: the character of pain management is multifactorial, which requires the implementation of complex multifactorial interventions to perfect the appropriate treatment(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Dor Crônica/prevenção & controle , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Doenças Reumáticas/complicações
5.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 21(1): e48, ene.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1093799

RESUMO

Introducción: en la formación de pregrado debe concederse la debida importancia a la enseñanza de la reumatología dado su carácter multidisciplinar, que demanda un futuro profesional de la salud capaz de valorar y reconocer aún desde aulas y laboratorios, las implicaciones sociales y de salud entre enfermedades reumáticas y oculares ya que el diagnóstico correcto de estas, puede ayudar a destacar el rol del proceso sistémico y viceversa. Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de conocimientos de estudiantes de medicina sobre las afecciones oftalmológicas más frecuentes en la práctica de la reumatología. Métodos: la investigación se realizó en la facultad de Medicina perteneciente a la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes en el período comprendido de marzo a mayo de 2017. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, transversal y analítico. El universo estuvo constituido por 166 estudiantes de VI y VII semestres y la muestra de estudio la constituyeron 75 estudiantes de cada semestre seleccionados al azar. Resultados: la presencia mayoritaria de mujeres caracteriza a la muestra objeto de estudio (53.3 por ciento, contra 46,7 por ciento de hombres). Las edades máximas y mínimas fueron 21 y 26 años respectivamente, con edad promedio superior en el VII semestre. Se aplicó una encuesta validada previamente que permitió evaluar el conocimiento relacionado con las manifestaciones oftalmológicas más frecuentes. Conclusiones: el nivel de conocimiento sobre las manifestaciones oftalmológicas en la práctica de la reumatología no es bueno, por lo que se sugiere redimensionar el proceso docente, privilegiando la formación práctica que debe caracterizar la enseñanza de pregrado al profundizar en el manejo de estas entidades(AU)


Introduction: In the undergraduate training must be given due importance to the teaching of rheumatology because of its multidisciplinary character, which demands a future health professional able to assess and recognize even from classrooms and laboratories, the social and health implications between rheumatic and ocular diseases because the correct diagnosis of these can help highlighting the role of the systemic process and vice versa. Objective: To assess the level of medical students´ knowledge about the most common ophthalmological conditions in the practice of rheumatology. Methods: The research was carried out in the Faculty of Medicine belonging to the Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes from March to May, 2017. It is a descriptive, transversal and analytical study. The universe was constituted by 166 students of sixth and seventh semesters and the sample of study was constituted by 75 students of each semester selected at random. Development: The majority presence of women characterizes the sample object of study (53.3 percent against 46.7 percent of men). The maximum and minimum wages were 21 and 26 years old respectively, with a higher average age in the seventh semester. A previously validated survey was applied that allowed evaluating the knowledge related to the most frequent ophthalmologic manifestations. Conclusions: The level of knowledge on the ophthalmologic manifestations in the practice of rheumatology is not good, so it is suggested to resize the teaching process, favoring the practical training that must characterize the teaching of undergraduate to deepen the management of these entities(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Reumatologia , Faculdades de Medicina , Estudantes de Medicina , Doenças Reumáticas , Conhecimento , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Educação Médica/normas , Oftalmopatias/prevenção & controle
6.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 21(1): e50, ene.-abr. 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093797

RESUMO

Introducción: La adopción de las pautas ergonómicas en el manejo de la fibromialgia conducen a mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente, en tanto contribuyen a la disminución de los síntomas que caracterizan la enfermedad. Objetivo: reflexionar sobre la correcta observancia de las pautas ergonómicas en el manejo de la fibromialgia. Desarrollo: Para los trabajadores que padecen de fibromialgia, la posibilidad de mantenerse con una vida laboral activa requiere cambios no solamente en ellos como, sino en las condiciones de trabajo, que les son indispensables dada la naturaleza incapacitante de la enfermedad. Estos pacientes, que por demás están obligados a frecuentes justificaciones por su absentismo, se retiran del mercado laboral o finalmente se adaptan a las desfavorables condiciones de trabajo, adoptando estrategias personales que les permiten mantenerse laboralmente activos. Conclusiones: Un elemento de esencial importancia a ser tomado en cuenta en las enfermedades reumáticas, lo constituyen los factores ergonómicos, que deben encaminar sus pasos al fortalecimiento de una cultura de salud laboral y seguridad, por parte de empleadores y pacientes(AU)


Introduction: the adoption of ergonomic guidelines in the management of fibromyalgia leads to improve the quality of life of the patient, as they contribute to the reduction of symptoms that characterize the disease. Objective: to reflect on the correct observance of the ergonomic guidelines in the management of fibromyalgia. Development: for workers suffering from fibromyalgia, the possibility of maintaining an active working life requires changes not only in them but also in the working conditions that are indispensable because of the incapacitating nature of the disease. These patients, who are often forced to frequent justifications for absenteeism, withdraw from the labor market or finally adapt to unfavorable working conditions, adopting personal strategies that allow them to remain active. Conclusions: an element of essential importance to be taken into account in rheumatic diseases, are the ergonomic factors, which should guide their steps towards strengthening a culture of occupational health and safety, by employers and patients(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Fibromialgia , Doenças Reumáticas , Saúde Ocupacional , Ergonomia
7.
J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 25(10): 1714-27, 2015 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26059514

RESUMO

This work describes a new strategy for optimal design of Multiplex-PCR primer sequences. The process is based on the Particle Swarm Optimization-Simplex algorithm (Mult-PSOS). Diverging from previous solutions centered on heuristic tools, the Mult-PSOS is selfconfigured because it does not require the definition of the algorithm's initial search parameters. The successful performance of this method was validated in vitro using Multiplex- PCR assays. For this validation, seven gene sequences of the most prevalent bacteria implicated in urinary tract infections were taken as DNA targets. The in vitro tests confirmed the good performance of the Mult-PSOS, with respect to infectious disease diagnosis, in the rapid and efficient selection of the optimal oligonucleotide sequences for Multiplex-PCRs. The predicted sequences allowed the adequate amplification of all amplicons in a single step (with the correct amount of DNA template and primers), reducing significantly the need for trial and error experiments. In addition, owing to its independence from the initial selection of the heuristic constants, the Mult-PSOS can be employed by non-expert users in computational techniques or in primer design problems.


Assuntos
Bactérias/classificação , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex/métodos , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Bactérias/genética , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Primers do DNA/genética , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia
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