Hardened exogenous material after extrusion of calcium hydroxide with barium sulfate: Case study and histopathologic and laboratory analyses.

BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW: Although calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]2) paste associated with barium sulfate (BaSO4) is considered a safe agent, there is a lack of clinical research on its effects on periodontal and submucosal tissues. The aim of the authors was to report the effects of extrusion of Ultracal XS paste (Ultradent Products) in 2 cases. The authors also analyzed the paste constituents and compared them with the proportion reported by the manufacturer and the material extruded. CASE DESCRIPTION: The authors present 2 cases in which root canals were restored with Ultracal XS paste after cleaning and shaping, and there was unintentional overextension of the paste into periradicular tissues, with a hardened exogenous material observed associated with inflammatory signs and symptoms. A biopsy was performed, and the material was subjected to histopathologic analysis and characterization through scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. CONCLUSIONS: BaSO4 and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) were associated with a hardened material after Ultracal XS paste extrusion. The Ca(OH)2 percentage on the Ultracal XS paste was approximately 2 times greater than the proportion reported by the manufacturer. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Ca(OH)2 with BaSO4 paste application should be performed carefully, and its extrusion to periradicular and submucosal tissues should not occur. Its extrusion may result in the formation of a persistent exogenous material of hardened consistency associated with inflammatory signs and symptoms.

Retrospective study of 289 odontogenic tumors in a Brazilian population

BACKGROUND: Odontogenic tumors (OTs) are considered important among oral lesions because of their clinicopathological heterogeneity, and variable biological behavior. This paper aims to determine the frequency and distribution of OTs, over a period of 10 years, at a public university in Northeastern Brazil and compare this data with previous reports. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed all cases of OTs from oral pathology laboratory of University of Pernambuco (UPE), from 2004 to 2014. Diagnoses were re-evaluated and the tumors were classified according to the latest (2005) World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. In addition, we searched in the English-language literature retrospective studies on OTs that used the same classification. RESULTS: Within the total of 6028 oral biopsies, 289 (4.79%) were OTs. Of these, 287 (99.3%) were benign and 2 (0.7%) were malignant. The overall incidence was 31.1/million. Mandible-maxilla ratio was 2.5:1 and mean age 35 years. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) (34.6%) was the most frequent lesion, followed by ameloblastoma (AMB) (32.9%) and odontoma (ODO) (11.4%). CONCLUSIONS: OTs are uncommon neoplasms with geographic variation. Our clinicopathological features are according to literature. In the present study, KCOT was the most frequent one, showing that the new classification of OTs altered the distribution of these lesions and possibly made KCOT the most common OT observed in diagnostic services worldwide

Hypohidrotic and hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a report of two cases.

Ectodermal dysplasias are a large group of syndromes characterized by anomalies in the structures of ectodermal origin. There are 2 major types of this disorder, based on clinical findings: hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. This clinical classification is very important because clinical professionals involved with this disease need first a clear and practical method of diagnosis. The main oral manifestation of ectodermal dysplasia may be expressed as hypodontia. Thus, dental professionals may be the first to diagnose ectodermal dysplasia. The present article reports one case of each of the main types (hypohidrotic and hidrotic) of ectodermal dysplasia and the authors review the literature regarding the pathogenesis, clinical features, and therapeutic management of this condition.

Histological evaluation of bone repair using beta-tricalcium phosphate

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate bone repair in defects induced in the cranium of Wistarrats using β-tricalcium phosphate. Study Design: In this research, we used 30 rats, randomly distributed in threegroups of 10 animals (G1, G2 and G3), corresponding respectively to time of histological evaluation (7, 15 and30 days). This was a paired study, a defect being induced in the parietal bone on either side of the median sagittalsuture of the animals, being the left-hand side the experimental subgroup (filled by biomaterial) and the rightcontrol. The histological evaluation was performed by means of light microscopy. The collected data were submittedto the Fisher Exact test for comparison between the groups and to the McNemar test for comparison betweenthe subgroups (P > 5%). Results: The results showed no statistically significant differences between the groupsand bone regeneration was similar at the different times of evaluation. Conclusions: Therefore, we concluded thatβ-tricalcium phosphate has not contributed significantly to repair process of defects induced in the cranium ofWistar rats (AU)

Oral complaints in progressive systemic sclerosis: Two cases report

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Progressive systemic sclerosis is a chronic sclerotic disease which causes diffuse, increased deposition of extracellular matrix in connective tissue with vascular abnormalities, resulting in tissue hypoxia. Aesthetic and facial dysfunction are followed by important oral and facial manifestation of disturbances such as xerostomia, the lack of saliva in the mouth, and its associated complications. Most clinical manifestations begin with tongue rigidity. The facial skin changes and bone resorption of mandible angle are often reported. Other systemic changes include the involvementof internal organs which leads to serious complications as well as disorders in the cardiac muscle and Raynaud´sphenomenon. The objective of the this paper is to report two cases of systemic sclerosis in patients with oral andfacial manifestations of the disease. A brief review of the literature, focusing on deontological alterations is also presented (AU)