Longitudinal speech perception performance of young children with cochlear implants and tactile aids plus hearing aids.

Nineteen profoundly deaf children who utilize either cochlear implants (CIs) or multichannel tactile aids plus hearing aids (T + HAs) and who were enrolled in a full-day educational program that specializes in the use of sensory aids were evaluated using a battery of speech perception tests either developed in house or chosen because they were part of a standard battery of tests developed for children with sensory aids. The tests were organized into four perceptual levels ranging from pattern perception at level one to open set word identification at level four. For each level, data were analyzed for changes over time and for differences between performance of CI children and those using T + HAs. The results indicate that overall, across levels, both groups improved significantly over time but no differences were found between users of T + HAs and CIs at any level.

Practical evaluation procedure to assess and remediate speech perception skills.

The University of Miami/Dade County Public Schools Model Program for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing is a research and training effort dedicated to the utilization of sensory aids including hearing aids, tactual vocoders, and cochlear implants. The program's teachers and clinicians follow the Miami Cochlear Implant, Auditory, and Tactile Skills (CHATS) Curriculum for the development of individualized speech perception and production goals. A series of peech perception tests has been used for the past five years to evaluate the children's progress. The test battery, administered at six month intervals, is extensive and impractical for school clinicians and teachers to administer to their students. To assist teachers and clinicians in the process of selecting appropriate goals and objectives for sensory aid training, a speech perception test has been developed to accompany the curriculum. This paper includes a discussion of the test design as it correlates with the curriculum.

A longitudinal evaluation of the speech perception capabilities of children using multichannel tactile vocoders.

Thirty children (mean age 6:11, range 4:3 to 11:0, SD = 2:3) with profound hearing impairments were followed longitudinally over a 3-year period and evaluated every 6 months with a battery of speech perception tests. The battery spanned several levels of perception, from pattern perception to open-set word recognition. The children were all enrolled in a single full-day educational program that used multichannel tactile aids in addition to hearing aids. Testing was conducted in Auditory alone (A), Tactile plus Auditory (TA), Tactile alone (T), and in one instance, Tactile plus Auditory plus Vision (TAV) conditions because the primary interest of the work was the relationship between auditory and tactile training on perception. Results indicated that children's performance improved with age, with the oldest children achieving open-set speech recognition in the TA condition. Performance in the TA condition generally exceeded that in both A and T conditions. Outcomes were compared to those from two studies in the literature for children of similar age with cochlear implants and tactile aids on the same tests. Results suggest that performance of children who had cochlear implants for an average of 21 months was similar to TA and TAV performance of children in the present study who had tactile experience over a similar period.