RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of p16Ink4a immunostaining for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+) in women who had a positive screening test using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). METHODS: Opportunistic screening of women (30-50 years) coming to the gynecology clinic by VIA was performed; the screen-positive women were included in the study which had the institutional review board (IRB) approval. A cytology slide for p16Ink4a immunostaining, colposcopy, and biopsy was then performed sequentially. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of p16Ink4a immunocytochemistry were evaluated with histopathology as the gold standard. RESULTS: p16Ink4a positivity showed a linear correlation with the increasing grade of CIN. p16Ink4a positivity was seen in 6% of CIN 1, 80% of CIN 2, 100% of CIN 3, and squamous cell carcinoma. The sensitivity and specificity of p16Ink4a immunocytochemistry for detecting CIN 2 or more was 87.5% (95%CI 61.65-98.45) and 97.06% (95%CI 84.67-99.93). Colposcopy had an equal sensitivity of 87.5% (95% CI 61.65-98.45) and specificity of 50% (95% CI 32.43-67.57), respectively. CONCLUSION: With high sensitivity and specificity, p16Ink4a immunocytochemistry could be a viable option for triaging VIA-positive women.
RESUMO
AIM: The aim of the study was to assess association of thyroid hormone in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This was a hospital based observational case control study. Total 100 women were included, out of them 50 normal pregnant women in control group and 50 pre-eclamptic women in case group were included. RESULT: In this study no significant difference was found in FT3 (p value 0.085) and FT4 (p value 0.065) in control and case group. TSH and Anti TPO levels in control and case group were statistically significant (p value <0.001 and <0.000). CONCLUSION: We observed that thyroid hormones (TSH and Anti TPO) have statistically significant relation in pre-eclamptic women.
