Bringing Light Into the Dark: A Large-Scale Evaluation of Knowledge Graph Embedding Models Under a Unified Framework.

The heterogeneity in recently published knowledge graph embedding models' implementations, training, and evaluation has made fair and thorough comparisons difficult. To assess the reproducibility of previously published results, we re-implemented and evaluated 21 models in the PyKEEN software package. In this paper, we outline which results could be reproduced with their reported hyper-parameters, which could only be reproduced with alternate hyper-parameters, and which could not be reproduced at all, as well as provide insight as to why this might be the case. We then performed a large-scale benchmarking on four datasets with several thousands of experiments and 24,804 GPU hours of computation time. We present insights gained as to best practices, best configurations for each model, and where improvements could be made over previously published best configurations. Our results highlight that the combination of model architecture, training approach, loss function, and the explicit modeling of inverse relations is crucial for a model's performance and is not only determined by its architecture. We provide evidence that several architectures can obtain results competitive to the state of the art when configured carefully. We have made all code, experimental configurations, results, and analyses available at https://github.com/pykeen/pykeen and https://github.com/pykeen/benchmarking.

The Bayesian Cut.

An important task in the analysis of graphs is separating nodes into densely connected groups with little interaction between each other. Prominent methods here include flow based graph cutting procedures as well as statistical network modeling approaches. However, adequately accounting for this, the so-called community structure, in complex networks remains a major challenge. We present a novel generic Bayesian probabilistic model for graph cutting in which we derive an analytical solution to the marginalization of nuisance parameters under constraints enforcing community structure. As a part of the solution a large scale approximation for integrals involving multiple incomplete gamma functions is derived. Our multiple cluster solution presents a generic tool for Bayesian inference on Poisson weighted graphs across different domains. Applied on three real world social networks as well as three image segmentation problems our approach shows on par or better performance to existing spectral graph cutting and community detection methods, while learning the underlying parameter space. The developed procedure provides a principled statistical framework for graph cutting and the Bayesian Cut source code provided enables easy adoption of the procedure as an alternative to existing graph cutting methods.