[Respiration in orthodontic practice]. / La ventilation en pratique O.D.F.

In this paper, the author presents his method of dealing with breathing problems when he conducts an orthodontic consultation. Because they can interfere with growth, the author believes that ventilation disorders should be dealt with promptly so that they cannot cause skeletal discrepancies. After having reviewed the literature, the author presents his clinical procedures for uncovering and treating breathing disorders and then shows treated cases to illustrate his techniques, one of the most important of which, palate splitting, is simple, effective and virtually without risk. In addition to its clear orthodontic benefits, rapid palate expansion can prevent the growth problems that frequently accompany breathing disorders. He believes that the Delaire's facial mask is the ideal preventive device for dealing with problems associated with skeletal Class III malocclusions. He asserts that, when indicated, the device can work well in conjunction with palatal expansion.

Granulomatous cheilitis in two children with sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is rare in children, who usually have only asymptomatic pulmonary involvement. We report granulomatous cheilitis in two children with sarcoidosis. Both children had systemic sarcoidosis with lymph node and pulmonary involvement.

[What is the status of clinical examination in orthopedic surgery of the jaw in 1991?]. / Que reste-t-il de l'examen clinique en chirurgie orthopédique des maxillaires en 1991?

The author endeavours to make a detailed description of the clinical examination of the face, which, if performed systematically, allows establishing an accurate diagnosis of the lesions in dysmorphosis and thus locating the latter's seat. The precise modalities of the surgical procedure are defined on the basis of cephalometry and of casts. Cephalometry does not define the site of surgery; it merely confirms it. In our opinion, the esthetic study of the face with the detailed clinical examination remains the key element for the assessment of dysmorphosis.

[Genioplasty. Different technics of osteotomy and their results]. / Génioplasties. Différentes techniques d'ostéotomie et leurs résultats.

After insisting on the strict and precise manner with which the clinical examination should be carried out, the author provides a detailed description of Delaire's functional genioplasty, one which has the advantage of combining physiology and esthetic. Several clinical cases are used to illustrate this surgical technic and other examples of genioplasty are described. Genioplasty is in fact a surgical act which gives excellent esthetic results, but its indications must be carefully considered.

[Value of vertical osteotomy of the maxilla in the closure of open bite]. / Intérêt des ostéotomies d'ascension du maxillaire dans la fermeture des béances.

Technical features for surgical correction of long face with gaps are presented. The importance of clinical examination is emphasized, this localizing the site of the malformation, teleradiography and study of molds providing details of the deformities. Treatment stages were preoperative orthodontal therapy, followed by ascension surgery to maxilla and retraction surgery to mandible. Different surgical procedures for obtaining maxillary ascension re discussed. Combining preoperative orthodontal therapy with surgery at the site of deformities produced very satisfactory, long lasting, functional and esthetic correction.

[Current treatment of mandibular fractures in a general hospital center. What is the role of osteosynthesis with miniplates?]. / Traitement actuel des fractures mandibulaires dans un centre hospitalier général. Quelle place réserver aux ostéosynthèses par mini-plaques?

Treatment of mandibular fractures has raised passions among supporters of the miniaturized screw plate and partisans of steel wire bone suture combined with inter-maxillary blocking. This report deals with current attitudes towards therapy. Surgical techniques are summarized, the different indications for miniaturized screw plate outlined, and other simple methods confirmed as being effective described. Based on statistical analysis of cases treated over a period of 8 years, results of treatment of mandibular injuries are reviewed, advances in therapy discussed and the various indications outlined. The use of the miniaturized screw plate appears to provide an undoubted contribution to maxillofacial surgery, but it does not supplant other therapeutic procedures. The consensus of opinion at the present time appears to have become established for therapy of mandibular fractures, confirmatory evidence being supplied by data in recent published literature.

[Gangrenous cellulitis of the face. Apropos of a case]. / Cellulites gangreneuses de la face. A propos d'un cas.

Gangrenous cellulitis of the face of dental origin had a very abrupt onset, spread rapidly in spite of treatment and led to severe pleuropericardial complications. The outcome was favorable after repeated thoracic surgery. Preventive therapeutic measures for these major accidents are discussed, following a detailed report on the case presented and treatment modalities applicable, fatal outcomes still being possible in 1984 in spite of progress in therapy.

[Complications and impact of sagittal osteotomy of the ascending ramus. Personal experience]. / Accidents et incidents de l'ostéotomie sagittale des branches montantes. Notre expérience.

Results of a qualitative and non-statistical study of the various accidents and incidents occurring during sagittal osteotomy of the ascending rami are reported. Three types of complication were noted: vascular, nervous and bony. Vascular sequelae in one case are analyzed in greater detail. These accidents occasionally affect the vital prognosis. Stricter attention to certain points in the surgical technique used may avoid all these complications.

[Maxillo-basal injury causing a bicondylo-angular fracture and carotid-cavernous fistula]. / Traumatisme maxillo-basal entraînant fracture bicondylo-goniaque et fistule carotido-caverneuse.

The authors present the case of a patient who suffered a violent maxillo-facial trauma. She suffered four mandibular fractures. During the postoperative course there was the development of very marked exophthalmos of of the right eye which was due to a carotido-cavernous fistula. The case has a double interest:--stomatological, osteosynthesis of the angular fractures being achieved by miniaturised screw-plates which ensured a solid mandible and facilitated postoperative intensive care;--neuro-ophthalmological, since the carotido-cavernous fistula closed spontaneously after arteriography during which intermittent compression was applied to the internal carotid.

[Treatment of mandibular condyle fractures: practical aspects (author's transl)]. / Le traitement des fractures du condyle mandibulaire. Attitude pratique.

Practical aspects of treatment of mandibular condyle fractures are discussed. After a brief review of therapeutic measures previously applied, the different treatment modalities available for condylar fractures are discussed, indications being reviewed as a function of the clinical types of fracture. The majority of these fractures respond to effectively conducted supervised functional therapy, which appears to reduce sequelae in a significant manner.

[Miniaturized plate and screws in mandibular fractures : results in 22 cases (author's transl)]. / Plaques miniaturisées vissées dans les fractures mandibulaires. Notre expérience.

The authors describe the results of their use of miniaturized plates and screws in mandibular fractures. For the last 25 months they have used this osteosynthetic technique by the endobuccal approach with monocortical fixation of the plates in all displaced mandibular fractures requiring surgical reduction. No post-operative blocking has occurred. The technique was used in 22 patients with 27 osteosyntheses of the fracture focus : 34 plates were applied. Several technical points are emphasized, especially inter-maxillary blocking, and a critical analysis made of the material used, the method of osteosynthesis applied, and the results obtained. These were good but involve only a small number of cases treated by the same surgeon. The method appears to be effective, difficult but feasible, and one which is of incomparable comfort for the patient.