Evaluation of nutritional risk factors in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-eligible patients.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutritional risk factors in patients eligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted with patients recruited from an hematology outpatient clinic. Study variables included demographic and clinical data, patient-generated global subjective assessment findings, anthropometric indicators, food intake and oxidative stress levels. The level of significance was set at 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: The sample comprised 72 patients, mean age of 48.93 years (14.5%). Multiple myeloma was the most prevalent condition (51.4%) in this sample. Most patients (55.6%) were overweight according to body mass index and at risk of cardiovascular disease according to waist circumference, conicity index and percentage of body fat. Sarcopenia was associated with risk of cardiovascular disease, hip-to-waist ratio (p=0.021), muscle strength depletion (p<0.001), food intake (p=0.023), reduced functional capacity (p=0.048), self-reported well-nourished status; p=0.044) and inadequate vitamin B6 (p=0.022) and manganese (p=0.026) intake. Elevated oxidative stress, detected in 33.3% of patients in this sample, was not associated with sarcopenia. CONCLUSION: Most patients in this sample were overweight and sarcopenic. Lean mass depletion was associated with risk of cardiovascular disease, reduced muscle strength, food intake changes, reduced functional capacity, self-reported well-nourished status and inadequate intake of vitamin B6 and manganese, but not with oxidative stress.

Correlation between nutritional assessment and oxidative stress in candidates for liver transplant.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the oxidative profile, nutritional status and food intake (caloric value; macronutrients; vitamins A, E and C; and zinc), and to correlate oxidative stress with nutritional status in patients who were candidates for liver transplant. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, analytical, and descriptive study with 51 candidates for liver transplant. Sociodemographic and clinical data, anthropometric parameters, food consumption, and a 10mL blood sample were collected from each patient. Oxidative stress was analyzed by the thiobarbituric acid method. The consumption of macronutrients, caloric value and micronutrients (zinc, vitamins A, E and C) were qualitatively analyzed, and zinc was also quantitatively analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age was 49.17±8.17 years. The highest percentage of malnutrition was according to arm muscle circumference (56.86%), followed by arm circumference (52.94%), triceps skin fold (50.98%), and body mass index (1.96%). The mean malondialdehyde level was 14.80±8.72µM/L, presenting a negative correlation with the body mass index for patients with liver cirrhosis according to IMC-Campillo values (p=0.001; r=-0.430). Low energy, carbohydrate, protein, vitamin A and E consumption were observed in more than 50% of subjects. CONCLUSION: This study showed an association of nutritional status through body mass index for patients with liver cirrhosis according to IMC-Campillo, with oxidative stress in patients with liver cirrhosis on a liver transplant waiting list.

Correlation between nutritional assessment and oxidative stress in candidates for liver transplant / Correlação entre avaliação nutricional e estresse oxidativo em candidatos ao transplante hepático

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the oxidative profile, nutritional status and food intake (caloric value; macronutrients; vitamins A, E and C; and zinc), and to correlate oxidative stress with nutritional status in patients who were candidates for liver transplant. Methods This is a cross-sectional, analytical, and descriptive study with 51 candidates for liver transplant. Sociodemographic and clinical data, anthropometric parameters, food consumption, and a 10mL blood sample were collected from each patient. Oxidative stress was analyzed by the thiobarbituric acid method. The consumption of macronutrients, caloric value and micronutrients (zinc, vitamins A, E and C) were qualitatively analyzed, and zinc was also quantitatively analyzed. Results The mean age was 49.17±8.17 years. The highest percentage of malnutrition was according to arm muscle circumference (56.86%), followed by arm circumference (52.94%), triceps skin fold (50.98%), and body mass index (1.96%). The mean malondialdehyde level was 14.80±8.72μM/L, presenting a negative correlation with the body mass index for patients with liver cirrhosis according to IMC-Campillo values (p=0.001; r=-0.430). Low energy, carbohydrate, protein, vitamin A and E consumption were observed in more than 50% of subjects. Conclusion This study showed an association of nutritional status through body mass index for patients with liver cirrhosis according to IMC-Campillo, with oxidative stress in patients with liver cirrhosis on a liver transplant waiting list.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o perfil oxidativo, o estado nutricional e o consumo alimentar (valor calórico; macronutrientes; vitaminas A, E e C; e zinco), e correlacionar o estresse oxidativo com o estado nutricional em pacientes candidatos ao transplante hepático. Métodos Trata-se de estudo transversal, analítico e descritivo com 51 pacientes candidatos ao transplante hepático. Coletaram-se dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, parâmetros antropométricos, consumo alimentar e amostra de 10mL de sangue de cada paciente. O estresse oxidativo foi analisado por método do ácido tiobarbitúrico. O consumo de macronutrientes, do valor calórico e dos micronutrientes (zinco, vitaminas A, E e C) foi analisado qualitativamente, e o zinco também foi analisado quantitativamente. Resultados A média de idade foi de 49,17±8,17 anos. Maior percentual de desnutrição esteve de acordo com circunferência muscular do braço (56,86%), seguida de circunferência do braço (52,94%), dobra cutânea triciptal (50,98%) e índice de massa corporal (1,96%). A média do malondialdeído foi de 14,80±8,72µM/L, apresentando correlação negativa com os valores do índice de massa corporal para pacientes com cirrose hepática segundo IMC-Campillo (p=0,001; r=-0,430). Observou-se baixo consumo de energia, carboidrato, proteína, e vitaminas A e E em mais de 50% dos indivíduos. Conclusão Este estudo mostrou associação do estado nutricional, por meio do índice de massa corporal para pacientes com cirrose hepática segundo IMC-Campillo, com o estresse oxidativo em paciente com cirrose hepática em lista de transplante de fígado.

Evaluation of nutritional risk factors in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-eligible patients / Avaliação dos fatores de riscos nutricionais em pacientes pré-transplante de célula-tronco hematopoiética

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the nutritional risk factors in patients eligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted with patients recruited from an hematology outpatient clinic. Study variables included demographic and clinical data, patient-generated global subjective assessment findings, anthropometric indicators, food intake and oxidative stress levels. The level of significance was set at 5% (p<0.05). Results The sample comprised 72 patients, mean age of 48.93 years (14.5%). Multiple myeloma was the most prevalent condition (51.4%) in this sample. Most patients (55.6%) were overweight according to body mass index and at risk of cardiovascular disease according to waist circumference, conicity index and percentage of body fat. Sarcopenia was associated with risk of cardiovascular disease, hip-to-waist ratio (p=0.021), muscle strength depletion (p<0.001), food intake (p=0.023), reduced functional capacity (p=0.048), self-reported well-nourished status; p=0.044) and inadequate vitamin B6 (p=0.022) and manganese (p=0.026) intake. Elevated oxidative stress, detected in 33.3% of patients in this sample, was not associated with sarcopenia. Conclusion Most patients in this sample were overweight and sarcopenic. Lean mass depletion was associated with risk of cardiovascular disease, reduced muscle strength, food intake changes, reduced functional capacity, self-reported well-nourished status and inadequate intake of vitamin B6 and manganese, but not with oxidative stress.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar os fatores de riscos nutricionais em pacientes pré-transplante de célula-tronco hematopoiética. Métodos Estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado com pacientes de um ambulatório de hematologia. As variáveis estudadas foram demográficas, dados clínicos, avaliação subjetiva global produzida pelo próprio paciente, indicadores antropométricos, ingestão alimentar e estresse oxidativo. Os dados foram considerados estatisticamente significativos quando p<0,05. Resultados A amostra do estudo foi constituída por 72 pacientes, com média de idade de 48,93 (14,5%) anos e com mieloma múltiplo (51,4%) como a patologia mais prevalente. Conforme índice de massa corporal, 55,6% dos pacientes encontravam-se com excesso de peso. De acordo com a circunferência da cintura, índice de conicidade e percentual de gordura corporal, houve prevalência de risco para doença cardiovascular. A sarcopenia foi associada ao risco de doença cardiovascular pela relação cintura/quadril (p=0,021), depleção da força muscular (p<0,001), além da ingestão alimentar (p=0,023), da capacidade funcional reduzida (p=0,048) e do diagnóstico de "bem nutrido" (p=0,044), conforme a avaliação subjetiva global, e com consumo inadequado de vitamina B6 (p=0,022) e de manganês (p=0,026). Dentre os avaliados, 33,3% apresentaram estresse oxidativo elevado sem associação com sarcopenia. Conclusão Pacientes do pré-transplante se apresentam, em sua maioria, com excesso de peso, mas com sarcopenia, estando essa ausência de massa magra associada a risco de doença cardiovascular, depleção da força muscular, alteração da ingestão alimentar, redução da capacidade funcional, classificação de "bem nutrido", segundo a avaliação subjetiva global e consumo inadequado de vitamina B6 e manganês, não estando associada a estresse oxidativo.

Fatores nutricionais associados ao ângulo de fase empacientes pré-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas / Nutritional factors associated with phase angle in hematopoietic stem cellpre-transplant patients

INTRODUÇÃO: O ângulo de fase tem sido utilizado como parâmetro de avaliação nutricional em diversas condições clínicas, inclusive em pacientes oncológicos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de baixo ângulo de fase e a relação com o perfil clínico e nutricional em pacientes pré-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado no período de maio a dezembro de 2018 em um hospital universitário no Nordeste brasileiro, envolvendo 80 pacientes admitidos para realização do transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas, com idade acima de 18 anos. O estado nutricional foi avaliado através de índice de massa corporal, circunferências, dobras cutâneas, força de preensão manual, índice de massa muscular esquelética. O ângulo de fase foi determinado por meio da bioimpedância elétrica, considerando baixo ângulo valor inferior a 5° para ambos os sexos. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi de 47,5±15,2 anos e 51,2% eram do sexo masculino, sendo o transplante autólogo o de maior indicação (71,3%). Constatou-se que 8,8% dos pacientes apresentaram desnutrição pelo índice de massa corporal e 65% pela espessura de músculo adutor do polegar. Foi observada uma prevalência de 27,7% de baixo ângulo de fase. Houve associação significativa entre o baixo ângulo de fase e idade acima de 60 anos (p = 0,002), transplante autólogo (p = 0,04) e baixo índice de massa muscular esquelética (p = 0,01). DISCUSSÃO: Estudos mostram que o baixo ângulo de fase está associado ao risco nutricional ou desnutrição. Porém, ainda são necessários mais estudos na temática em pacientes com indicação ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo revelou que houve prevalência considerável de pacientes com baixo ângulo de fase. Este indicador mostrou associação com índice de massa muscular esquelética

INTRODUCTION: The phase angle has been used as a nutritional assessment parameter in several clinical con ditions, including cancer patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of low phase angle and the relationship with the clinical and nutritional profile in pre-transplant for hematopoietic stem cell patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from may to december 2018 at a universitary hospital in brazilian Northeast. Eighty patients admitted for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, aged above 18 years was evaluated. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index, body circumferences, skinfolds, handgrip strength, skeletal muscle mass index. The phase angle was determined by bioelectrical impedance, considering low phase angle below 5 ° for both genders. RESULTS: The mean age was 47.5 ± 15.2 years and 51.2% were male, with autologous transplantation being the most indicated (71.3%). It was found that 8.8% of patients had malnutrition by body mass index and 65% by adductor pollicis muscle thickness. A prevalence of 27.7% of low phase angle was observed. There was a significant association between low phase angle and age over 60 years (p = 0.002), autologous transplantation (p = 0.04) and low skeletal muscle mass index (p = 0.01). DISCUSSION: Studies have shown that low phase angle is associated with nutritional risk or malnutrition. However, further studies on the subject are needed in patients with indication for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. CONCLUSION: In this study, there was a considerable prevalence of patients with low phase angle. This indicator was associated with skeletal muscle mass index

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Cardiovascular risk and use of conicity index in patients submitted to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of overweight and the use of conicity index for cardiovascular risk assessment in individuals submitted to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: The sample comprised 91 patients of both sexes, who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from September 2008 to December 2013, aged 18 years or over. To determine the nutritional profile, we collected anthropometric data on weight, height, waist circumference upon hospital admission. The body mass index and the conicity index were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 91 patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other conditions were evaluated. The mean age was 43.5 (14.2) years, 63.7% were male. We verified that according to the body mass index, 63.7% were overweight and, according to waist circumference, 74.7% had a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. According to the calculation of the conicity index, 92.3% of patients presented increased cardiovascular risk. Patients with multiple myeloma had a higher conicity index when compared to other patients (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: This study revealed a high prevalence of overweight and cardiovascular risk. It should be noted that the conicity index was a good method to evaluate cardiovascular risk and that new studies using this index should be performed.

Cardiovascular risk and use of conicity index in patients submitted to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / Risco cardiovascular e uso do índice de conicidade em pacientes submetidos ao transplante autólogo de células-tronco hematopoiéticas

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the prevalence of overweight and the use of conicity index for cardiovascular risk assessment in individuals submitted to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods The sample comprised 91 patients of both sexes, who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from September 2008 to December 2013, aged 18 years or over. To determine the nutritional profile, we collected anthropometric data on weight, height, waist circumference upon hospital admission. The body mass index and the conicity index were calculated. Results A total of 91 patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other conditions were evaluated. The mean age was 43.5 (14.2) years, 63.7% were male. We verified that according to the body mass index, 63.7% were overweight and, according to waist circumference, 74.7% had a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. According to the calculation of the conicity index, 92.3% of patients presented increased cardiovascular risk. Patients with multiple myeloma had a higher conicity index when compared to other patients (p<0.01). Conclusion This study revealed a high prevalence of overweight and cardiovascular risk. It should be noted that the conicity index was a good method to evaluate cardiovascular risk and that new studies using this index should be performed.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a prevalência de excesso de peso e a utilização do índice de conicidade para a avaliação do risco cardiovascular em indivíduos submetidos ao transplante autólogo de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 91 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, submetidos ao transplante autólogo de células-tronco hematopoiéticas, de setembro de 2008 a dezembro de 2013, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Para traçar o perfil nutricional, foram coletados dados antropométricos, como peso, altura e circunferência da cintura, na admissão hospitalar. Calcularam-se o índice de massa corporal e o índice de conicidade. Resultados Foram avaliados 91 pacientes, diagnosticados com mieloma múltiplo, linfoma de Hodgkin, linfoma não Hodgkin e outras patologias. A média de idade foi de 43,5 (14,2) anos, e 63,7% eram do sexo masculino. Verificou-se que, de acordo com o índice de massa corporal, 63,7% apresentavam excesso de peso e, segundo a circunferência da cintura, 74,7% possuíam maior risco para doenças cardiovasculares. De acordo com o cálculo do índice de conicidade, constatou-se que 92,3% dos pacientes apresentavam risco cardiovascular aumentado. Os pacientes com mieloma múltiplo apresentaram índice de conicidade mais elevado, se comparado aos outros pacientes (p<0,01). Conclusão Este estudo revelou alta prevalência de excesso de peso e de risco cardiovascular. Salienta-se que o índice de conicidade se mostrou um bom método para avaliação do risco cardiovascular e que novos estudos utilizando este índice devem ser realizados.

Nutrição, qualidade de vida e cuidados paliativos: uma revisão integrativa / Nutrition, quality of life and palliative care: integrative review

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A intervenção nutricional adequada promove bem-estar, controle de sintomas e melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes e de seus familiares. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se a nutrição pode ou não melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente em cuidados paliativos. CONTEÚDO: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, utilizando as bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo e Medline. A pergunta norteadora foi "A terapia nutricional é capaz de melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes em cuidados paliativos?". Seis artigos se enquadravam nos critérios de inclusão pré-estabelecidos. O nutricionista foi o profissional que mais orientou sobre a terapia nutricional em uso, além de fornecer esclarecimentos sobre estratégias nutricionais para redução de desconfortos ligados à alimentação. A terapia adequada deve respeitar as preferências alimentares e culturais, garantindo, assim, melhor qualidade de vida. CONCLUSÃO: A conduta nutricional em cuidados paliativos deve respeitar as decisões do paciente e de sua família e os princípios bioéticos. As intervenções nutricionais devem dar maior importância à prestação de aconselhamento e de apoio, ao invés de centrar apenas na adequação das necessidades nutricionais. O nutricionista deve orientar o paciente e sua família sobre a terapia nutricional em uso, além de fornecer orientações e esclarecimentos, a fim de prolongar a sobrevida, reduzir a perda de peso e melhorar a qualidade de vida.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Adequate nutritional intervention promotes wellbeing, symptoms control and improved quality of life for patients and their families. This study aimed at evaluating whether nutrition may or may not improve quality of life of patients under palliative care. CONTENTS: This is an integrative review using Pubmed, Scielo and Medline databases. Guiding question was: "Is nutritional therapy able to improve quality of life of patients under palliative care?" Six articles met pre-established inclusion criteria. Nutritionists were professionals most orienting nutritional therapy, in addition to explaining nutritional strategies to minimize diet-related discomforts. Adequate therapy should respect dietary and cultural preferences, thus assuring better quality of life. CONCLUSION: Nutritional approach during palliative care should respect patients and their families' decisions and bioethics principles. Nutritional interventions should give more importance to counseling and support, instead of focusing just on matching nutritional needs. Nutritionists should orient patients and their families about nutritional therapy, in addition to giving further explanations to prolong survival, decrease weight loss and improve quality of life.