Crude extract of Jatobá leaves promotes canine osteosarcoma cell D17 proliferation.

Background and Aim: New substances for neoplasm treatment have to be carefully studied to minimize adverse effects and prevent disease progression stimulation. Jatobá is a typical tree of the Cerrado and Caatinga biome, with antifungal, antimicrobial, larvicide, antioxidant, and antiproliferative properties. This study aimed to investigate the action of the crude extract of Jatobá leaves (EBFJ) on canine osteosarcoma (CO) cells and analyze the expression of biomarkers in neoplasm progression. Materials and Methods: D17 cells were cultured and subjected to treatment with EBFJ at different concentrations (10 µg/mL; 100 µg/mL; 1000 µg/mL; 2000 µg/mL; and 5000 µg/mL) and exposure times (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h). The tetrazolium reduction assay and the immunocytochemistry technique, with anti-Bcl2, anti-p53, and anti-Ki-67 antibodies, were used to observe the effect of the extract on cell proliferation. Results: Doses of 2000 µg and 5000 µg had cell viability of 300.80% and 361.84%, respectively. The extract did not show significant cytotoxicity of samples with the control group. The confluence of cells, the number of labeled cells, and the expression of Bcl2, Ki-67, and p53 were higher in the groups treated with EBFJ, with a statistical difference from the group without treatment. Conclusion: EBFJ was not cytotoxic and had a proliferative effect on CO D17 cells. The confluence of cells, the number of labeled cells, and the expression of Bcl2, Ki-67, and p53 were higher in the groups treated with the extract.

Can intramammary infections change immunoglobulins and acute phase proteins of colostrum and transition milk in dairy goats? / A infecção intramamária pode alterar imunoglobulinas e proteínas de fase aguda do colostro e do leite de transição de cabras leiteiras?

Proteiongram analysis is useful for the early diagnosis of intramammary infections during the period of colostrogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of total proteins, immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in the colostrum of dairy goats with intramammary infections. Animals were divided in groups: GI (n=12) of goats without mammary gland infections, and GII (n=8) of goats with mammary gland infections. Intramammary infections were diagnosed using microbiological isolations and somatic cell counts Cs). Total protein was evaluated in the samples using SDS-PAGE shortly after parturition, and 24 and 48 hours after that event. Non-aureus Staphylococcus (NAS) were detected all isolates. At 48 h, GII had high IgG levels and a SCC of 1660.25 x 103/mL. Levels of total protein were high in this group at 24 and 48 h. Albumin levels were high in goats with mastitis at 24 h. Overall, the IgG, lactoferrin, and albumin levels differed between animals with and without intramammary infections at M0. GGT activity was not influenced by the intramammary infection. The results of this study reinforce the importance of the proteinogram as an auxiliary tool in the diagnosis of mastitis in dairy goats.

O proteinograma do colostro/leite pode ser útil para diagnóstico precoce de infecções intramamárias, assim como para a avaliação da intensidade da resposta inflamatória. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil de proteínas, imunoglobulinas, lactoferrina e gamaglutamiltransferase no colostro de cabras leiteiras portadoras s de infecções intramamárias. Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos, GI (n 12), composto por cabras sem isolamento microbiológico das glândulas mamárias, e GII (n 8), composto por cabras com resultados positivos na cultura do leite de pelo menos uma das glândulas mamárias. O diagnóstico de infecção intramamária foi realizado logo após o parto, por meio de isolamento microbiológico e de contagem de células somáticas (CCS). Os níveis de proteína total, imunoglobulina A (IgA), imunoglobulina (G) (IgG), lactoferrina, albumina e atividade da gamaglutamiltransferase (GGT) foram avaliados em amostras de colostro/leite de transição, usando-se SDS-PAGE logo após o parto bem como às 24 e às 48 horas após esse evento. Staphylococcus não aureus (NAS) foram encontrados em todos os isolamentos. A concentração de IgG de 186 foi superior no GII apenas às 48h, ao mesmo tempo em que o CCS foi de 1660,25 x 10/mL. No entanto, a proteína total foi maior neste grupo às 24 e às 48h. A albumina foi maior nas cabras com mastite às 24h, e a lactoferrina no momento 0h (M0) e às 48h. Em geral, os valores de IgG, lactoferrina e albumina diferiram entre os animais com e sem infecções intramamárias no M0. A atividade da gamaglutamiltransferase não foi influenciada pela infecção intramamária. Os resultados deste estudo reforçam a importância do proteinograma como uma ferramenta auxiliar no diagnóstico da mastite em cabras leiteiras.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension with and without papilloedema in a consecutive series of patients with chronic migraine.

Chronic migraine (CM) has been associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilloedema (IIHWOP), a significant percentage of these cases occurring in obese patients with intractable headache. A prospective study from February 2005 to June 2006 was made of 62 CM patients who fulfilled International Headache Society diagnostic criteria and had cerebral magnetic resonance venography (MRV) and lumbar puncture (LP) done. Two patients were excluded, six (10%) with elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) open pressure (OP), five with body mass index (BMI) > 25. None of the patients had papilloedema or abnormal MRV. BMI and CSF OP were significantly correlated (r = 0.476, P < 0.001, Pearson's correlation test). Obesity (defined as BMI > 30) was a predictor of increase in intracranial pressure (defined as OP > 200 mmH(2)O) (f = 17.26, 95% confidence interval 6.0, 8.6; P < 0.001). From our study we strongly recommend that not only intractable CM patients with high BMI, but also first diagnosed patients with BMI > 30 should be systematically evaluated by a LP to rule out IIHWOP.

Cerebrospinal fluid GABA levels in chronic migraine with and without depression.

Psychiatric comorbidity is one of the key elements in chronic migraine (CM) management. Depression is particularly common in these patients, occurring in up to 85%. Preclinical studies have suggested that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels may be decreased in animal models of depression. Also, clinical studies have reported low level in mood disorder patients for both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GABA. We hypothesized that low GABA levels in the brain might be related to the depression associated with CM. We studied 14 chronic migraine patients, with or without depression, compared to age-and sex-matched controls. CSF GABA levels were measured by HPLC. CSF GABA levels showed significant lower levels in depressed patients than those without depression. No difference was found when comparing patients versus controls. A GABA deficiency may be the underlying mechanism of depression in CM. Hence, preventive therapies modulating GABA neurotransmission could be used in CM associated with depression.

Comparacao do padrao respiratorio entre adultos e idosos saudaveis / Comparison of breathing pattern between healty adults and elderly people

O sistema respiratorio sofre alteracoes inerentes ao envelhecimento . O conhecimento dessas modificacoes contribui para a deteccao e prevencao de disfuncoes respiratorias em idosos. Objetivo: comparar o padrao respiratorio entre adultos e idosos saudaveis. Metodo: dezoito idosos (60-80 anos) e dezenove adultos (18-40 anos) foram estudados. A pletismografia respiratoria por indutancia calibrada foi utilizada para medir as variaveis volume corrente (VT), frequencia respiratoria(f), ventilacao minuto (VE), porcentagem do tempo inspiratorio em relacao ao tempo total do ciclo respiratorio (TI/TTOT), fluxo inspiratorio medio (VT/TI), contribuicao da caixa toracica (CT/VT) e do abdome (AB/VT) para o volume corrente. A oximetria de pulso foi utilizada para medir a saturacao periferica da hemoglobina em oxigenio (SpO2) e frequencia cardiaca (FC). As medidas foram registradas em repouso, com os sujeitos posicionados em decubito dorsal a 30o.grau de inclinacao de tronco. A analise estatistica aplicada foi teste t de Student para grupos independentes, considerando significativi p<0,05. Resultados: nao houve diferenca estatistica entre os grupos estudados em relacao ao VT(p=0,13) e a f(p=0,10); a contribuicao toracoabdominal foi semelhante entre adultos e idosos (p=0,79); a SpO2, foi significativamente menor nos idosos quando comparada a dos adultos (p=0,0002). Conclusao: os resultados mostraram que nao houve diferenca do padrao respiratorio entre os adultos e os idosos avaliados em repouso em decubito dorsal a 30o.grau de inclinacao de tronco, , sugerindo que o processo de envelhecimento do sistema respiratorio na populacao estudada nao provocou grande impacto nos parametros analisados

Degradation potential and growth of anaerobic bacteria in produced water.

The efficiency of an anaerobic biological treatment for the reduction of essential contaminants of produced water from an offshore oilfield was investigated using a microbial consortium enriched with sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Experiments were conducted in a bench bioreactor at 35 degrees C, 250 rpm, with intermittent purges of N2 gas in order to establish anaerobic conditions and to remove the H2S generated. The results showed that pH control effectively influenced the activity of the anaerobic bacteria leading to COD removal of 57%. Meanwhile, pH control was found to have no influence on the removal efficiencies of oil and grease and total phenols. In all experiments, removals of oil and grease and total phenols of 60% and 58-67%, respectively, were obtained after a 15-day process. In studies carried out with biomass reuse the reductions obtained were 61% for oil and grease and 78% for total phenols over the same period. Such results point to the technical feasibility of anaerobic biodegradation for oilfield wastewater treatment.

[Management of AIDS during traditional hospitalization and at outpatient clinics in Recife (Brazil)]. / Prise en charge du sida en hospitalisations traditionnelle et de jour à Recife (Brésil).

The management of 50 AIDS patients by traditional hospital admission (25 cases) and outpatient clinics (25 cases) was studied between August and November 1995 in the Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of the Federal University Hospital. The most costly items of expenditure were hospital services and consumable materials. Comparison of costs was complicated by differences in clinical status of the patients in the two groups. The choice of treatment was much more dependent on clinical status than on sociodemographic factors. Traditional hospital admission tended to be associated with the poorest patients. The rationalization of care based on cost-benefit analysis requires much future work.

Aspectos clínicos de 25 pacientes com Aids assistidos em regime de hospital-dia / Clinical aspects of 25 Aids patients attended in regim of day-care

Foram estudados 25 pacientes com Aids do grupo IV da classificação do Centers for Disease Control (CDC)(12), admitidos no Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias (DIP) do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (HU-UFPE), que fizeram uso do regime de hospital-dia no período de janeiro a dezembro de 1995. Vinte pacientes 80(por cento) eram do sexo masculino e cinco 20(por cento) do sexo feminino. A média de permanência foi de 3,1 dias. Herpes simplex e neurotoxoplasmose ocorreram em sete casos 28(por cento) e pneumonia por Pneumocystis carinil em seis pacientes 24(por cento). As medicações mais usadas foram dipirona e metoclopramida em todos os pacientes, 100(por cento), sulfametoxazol-trimetropim 18 casos, 72(por cento) e zidovudina 13 casos, 52(por cento)

Programa de assistência domiciliar terapêutica (PADT) realizado em 18 pacientes com Aids / Therapeutic home-care assistance program with 18 Aids patients

Foram estudados prospectivamente 18 pacientes com Aids, admitidos no Programa de Assistência Domiciliar Terapêutica (PADT) do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, no período de agosto de 1995 a março de 1996. Seis doentes 33,3(por cento) permaneceram no programa por um período menor que 50 dias e um 5,5(por cento) por mais de 200 dias. Houve um total de nove óbitos 50(por cento), dos quais um 5,5(por cento) ocorreu em casa. Dez pacientes 55,5(por cento) necessitaram também de internamento tradicional e cinco 27,7(por cento) utilizaram o regime de hospital dia