Family income per capita, age, and smoking status are predictors of low fiber intake in residents of São Paulo, Brazil.

We hypothesized that dietary total fiber intake may be less than recommendations and that the intake of total, soluble, and insoluble fiber may be associated with demographic, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors. Data were drawn from the Health Survey of São Paulo, a cross-sectional population-based study. Adolescents, adults, and elderly persons living in São Paulo city were included. Demographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric data were collected from households. Dietary intake was measured using two 24-hour dietary recalls. All analyses were conducted based on the sample design of the study. The proportion of individuals who met the adequate intake (AI) for total fiber intake was examined, and foods that contributed to the intake of fiber and fractions were evaluated. The relationship of total, soluble, and insoluble fiber intake with demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle characteristics was determined using multiple linear regression models. A low proportion of individuals met the AI for dietary fiber. The foods that most contributed to total fiber intake were beans, French bread, and rice. Total fiber intake was negatively associated with former and current smokers and positively associated with family income per capita and age. Soluble fiber intake was negatively associated with current smokers and positively associated with female sex, age, and family income per capita. Insoluble fiber intake was negatively associated with former or current smokers and positively associated with age. In summary, residents in the city of São Paulo had a low fiber intake, and demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors were associated with dietary fiber and intake of its fractions.

Perfil de saúde, estado nutricional e nível de conhecimento em nutrição de usuárias do Programa Academia da Cidade - Aracaju, SE / Profile of health, nutritional status and knowledge of level in nutrition Academia da Cidade Program of users - Aracaju, SE

Condições sócio-econômicas desfavoráveis, hábitos alimentares inadequados e sedentarismo representam fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da obesidade e das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis na população. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o perfil de saúde, o estado nutricional e o nível de conhecimento nutricional de mulheres praticantes de atividade física do Programa Academia da Cidade, Aracaju, SE. Foram coletados dados sócio-econômicos, condições de saúde, nutrição e conhecimento nutricional. O questionário é composto por 12 questões divididas por assunto em 3 grupos de perguntas. As medidas antropométricas aferidas foram massa corporal, estatura, perímetro da cintura e quadril. Foram avaliadas 191 usuárias do programa com média de idade de 51,9 (±9,02) anos, estando 75,4% com excesso de peso de acordo com o índice de massa corporal e 57,7 % com alto risco de desenvolvimento para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, segundo a relação cintura-quadril. Foi observado que mulheres com maior gordura central (RCQ?0,85cm) apresentaram maior prevalência de hipertensão e diabetes (p<0,05). Cerca de 64,8 % da população apresentou conhecimento nutricional moderado com nota média de 7,0. Indivíduos com maior renda apresentaram notas significativamente maiores no conhecimento nutricional total e no grupo 2 de perguntas (alimentos fonte de fibras e gorduras) . A população estudada apresentou alta prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade, colocando em risco seu quadro de saúde. O moderado conhecimento em nutrição e a obtenção de notas inferiores entre aqueles com menor renda mostra a necessidade do desenvolvimento de ações de educação nutricional nesta população para promoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis.

Inadequate socioeconomic conditions, dietary habits and physical inactivity are risk factors for developing obesity and chronic diseases in population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the health profile, nutritional status and nutritional knowledge level of women who practice physical activity from the Academia da Cidade Program, Aracaju, SE. Were collected socio-economics data, health and nutrition profiles, besides the application of a questionnaire of nutritional knowledge evaluation. The questionnaire consists of 12 questions divided by subject into three groups of questions. The anthropometric data measured were body weight, height, waist and hip circumference. Were evaluated 191 users of the program with a mean age of 51,9 years, being 45.1% overweight according to body mass index and 57.7% with high risk, according to waist-to-hip ratio risk for development of chronic diseases. Women with greater central fat (WHR ? 0.85 cm) showed a higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes (p <0.05). About 64.8% of the population presented moderate nutritional knowledge with an average score of 7,0. Individuals with higher incomes had significantly higher scores of total nutrition knowledge and in group 2 (food source of fiber and fat) of questions. The studied population had high prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity. The moderate knowledge in nutrition and getting lower scores among those with lower income shows the necessity of developing nutritional education activities in this population to promote healthy eating habits.