RESUMO
This study aimed to investigate the phytochemistry of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense and grown in lead (Pb)-contaminated soil to assess its responses to inoculation under different Pb levels. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme: two levels of A. brasilense (absence or presence) and five Pb levels. After four months of treatment, the following were analyzed: total and reducing sugars, total phenolic content, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, antioxidant enzymes, proline, and essential oil (EO) content and composition. Soil Pb levels and A. brasilense inoculation affected phytochemicals in lemongrass plants. Azospirillum inoculation reduced total sugars in the roots at all soil Pb levels, while increasing Pb levels favored a rise in sugar contents. There was an increase in flavonoid content in treatments associated with Pb and inoculated with A. brasilense. Antioxidant capacity was lower at lower Pb levels, regardless of bacterial inoculation. Enzymatic response was mainly affected by Pb concentrations between 50 and 100 mg kg-1 soil. EO content was influenced by soil Pb levels, with higher EO production at 500 mg Pb kg-1 soil and without A. brasilense inoculation. Overall, lemongrass cultivation in Pb-contaminated areas can be an alternative to phytoremediation and EO production for the industry.
RESUMO
Para que haja um sistema de saúde eficiente, a participação da comunidade se faz essencial nesse processo, pois é direito da mesma expor suas necessidades para que novas ações relativas à saúde sejam tomadas. Nesse sentido, o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) tem em sua construção espaços que são destinados a esta prática, como os Conselhos e Conferências de Saúde. Todavia ainda é notório que os cidadãos brasileiros não ocupam estes espaços de maneira efetiva. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica com o intuito de compreender os motivos que corroboram com a falta de participação da comunidade. As principais problemáticas levantadas após a pesquisa nas bases de dados foram a escassa compreensão da legislação vigente, sensação de obrigatoriedade (trabalho) e certa pressão do próprio sistema contra o cidadão. Todavia, nota-se que apesar das dificuldades, há formas de contornar essas barreiras, através da implementação de tecnologias de comunicação que facilitem o diálogo da população para com o Estado. Portanto, ainda que haja muitas dificuldades impostas no cotidiano dos cidadãos, existem formas do exercício da cidadania - participando da construção do SUS - que podem ser implementadas com o auxílio da tecnologia.
In order to have an efficient health system, the participation of the community is essential in this process, because it is their right to expose their needs so that new actions related to health can be taken. In this sense, the Unified Health System (SUS) has in its construction spaces that are destined to this practice, such as the Health Councils and Conferences. However, it is still notorious that Brazilian citizens do not effectively occupy these spaces. Thus, the objective of this work was to perform a literature review in order to understand the reasons that corroborate the lack of community participation. The main problems raised after the database research were the lack of understanding of the current legislation, the feeling of obligation (work), and a certain pressure of the system itself against the citizen. However, it is noted that despite the difficulties, there are ways to get around these barriers, through the implementation of communication technologies that facilitate the dialogue of the population with the State. Therefore, even though there are many difficulties imposed in the daily lives of citizens, there are ways of exercising citizenship - participating in the construction of the SUS - that can be implemented with the help of technology.
Para un sistema de salud eficiente, la participación de la comunidad es esencial en este proceso, ya que es un derecho de la comunidad exponer sus necesidades para que se tomen nuevas acciones relacionadas con la salud. En este sentido, el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) tiene en su construcción espacios que se destinan a esta práctica, como los Consejos y Conferencias de Salud. Sin embargo, sigue siendo notorio que los ciudadanos brasileños no ocupan efectivamente estos espacios. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica para conocer las razones que corroboran la falta de participación de la comunidad. Los principales problemas planteados tras la investigación en las bases de datos fueron la escasa comprensión de la legislación vigente, el sentimiento de obligación (trabajo) y una cierta presión del propio sistema contra el ciudadano. Sin embargo, se constata que, a pesar de las dificultades, hay formas de sortear estas barreras, a través de la implementación de tecnologías de comunicación que faciliten el diálogo de la población con el Estado. Por lo tanto, aunque haya muchas dificultades impuestas en la vida cotidiana de los ciudadanos, hay formas de ejercer la ciudadanía - participar en la construcción del SUS - que pueden ser implementadas con la ayuda de la tecnología.
