RESUMO
Although goat dairy farms in Brazil may have a higher risk of infection by Neospora caninum than beef farms, risk factor evaluation on a representative population remains to be fully established in Brazil. Accordingly, this study aimed to establish the occurrence of anti-N. caninum antibodies and factors associated with exposure in 406 blood samples from five dairy and three beef goat farms in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), with samples considered positive when reacting with dilution ≥ 1:50. A total of 106/406 goats (26.11%; 95% CI: 21.96-30.72%) were seroreactive comprising 2/61 (3.28%), 10/45 (22.22%), 13/50 (26.00%), 17/51 (33.33%) to 29/46 (63.04%) in dairy farms, and from 3/54 (5.56%), 12/50 (24.00%) to 20/49 (40.82%) on the beef farms. No significant associations were found in relation to age, gender, dairy versus beef farms, occurrence of abortions or mummified fetuses, and seroreactivity to N. caninum (P>0.05). In conclusion, goat farms in the state of Paraíba showed the highest occurrence of anti-N. caninum antibodies to date in Brazil.(AU)
Embora as criações caprinas de leite no Brasil possam ter maior probabilidade de risco de infecção por Neospora caninum do que as de carne, a avaliação dos fatores de risco em uma população representativa ainda não está totalmente estabelecida no Brasil. Dessa forma, este estudo teve por objetivo estabelecer a soroprevalência de N. caninum e seus fatores associados à exposição em 406 amostras de sangue de cinco fazendas de leite e três de corte provenientes do estado da Paraíba, região Nordeste do Brasil. A detecção de anticorpos anti-N. caninum foi realizada utilizando-se a reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), com as amostras consideradas positivas na diluição ≥ 1:50. No total, 106/406 (26,11%; IC 95%: 21,96-30,72%) caprinos foram sororreagentes, variando de 2/61 (3,28%), 10/45 (22,22%), 13/50 (26,00%), 17/51 (33,33%) a 29/46 (63,04%) em fazendas de leite, e de 3/54 (5,56%), 12/50 (24,00%) a 20/49 (40,82%) em fazendas de corte. Não foram observadas associações significativas entre idade, sexo, criação de leite e carne, ocorrência de abortamentos ou fetos mumificados e sororreatividade para N. caninum (P>0,05). Em conclusão, fazendas de caprinos da Paraíba mostraram as mais altas ocorrências de anticorpos anti-N. caninum até o momento no Brasil.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cabras/anormalidades , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Neospora/patogenicidade , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para AnticorpoRESUMO
Food enteropathies involve uncontrolled or hypersensitivity reactions to ingested nutrients and may result in IgE and T-helper type 2 (Th2) responses as in food allergy. However, the precise role of B cells in the development of food enteropathies remains uncertain. In this work, we used B cell-deficient mice (B KO) and a model of peanut sensitization to examine the involvement of B lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of food allergy. Results showed that priming of wild-type (WT) mice with peanut proteins induced specific IgG1 and IgE responses in serum, with edema, tissue destruction, epithelial exulceration and inflammatory infiltrate in the gut of sensitized and challenged (S + Peanut) WT animals. In contrast, there was no sera immunoglobulin detection and absence of tissue destruction in the gut of B KO mice, which presented moderate inflammatory infiltrate and villous enlargement after peanut challenge. These animals presented marked decrease in IL-4 and TNF-alpha and high levels of IL-10, TGF-beta, IL-12p40 and IFN-gamma mRNA in the gut. Moreover, the expression of CCL5, CCL11 and CXCL1 was reduced in the gut of B KO mice, in contrast to elevated messages of CCL2 or similar detection of Th1-related chemokines in S + Peanut WT mice. Finally, we provided evidence that B cells are necessary to the development of food-related enteropathies and induction of gut inflammation during allergic reactions to food.
