RESUMO
Background: The main advantage of the cryopreservation of ovarian fragments is a thinner tissue, which facilitates the penetration of cryoprotective agents, but the size of tissue may not be a limiting factor in achieving a successful cryopreservation of the ovarian tissue. This information is highly significant considering that the cryopreservation of hemi-ovary or whole ovary may preserve the entire or major part of the contingent of primordial follicles of ovarian fragments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the vitrification of different dimensions goat ovarian tissue on the follicular morphology, viability, diameter, and the stromal cell density. Materials, Methods & Results: The ovarian tissue was vitrified as fragment, hemi-ovary, or whole ovary, and after warming, the preantral follicles were examined by trypan blue dye exclusion test and histological analysis. Preantral follicles incubated with trypan blue were considered viable if the oocyte and granulosa cells remained unstained. Preantral follicles were classified as morphologically normal only when they contained intact oocyte and granulosa cells. The follicular diameter was measured considering the major and minor axes of each follicle; the average of these 2 measurements was used to determine the diameter of each follicle. Ovarian stroma cells density was evaluated by calculating the number of
Background: The main advantage of the cryopreservation of ovarian fragments is a thinner tissue, which facilitates the penetration of cryoprotective agents, but the size of tissue may not be a limiting factor in achieving a successful cryopreservation of the ovarian tissue. This information is highly significant considering that the cryopreservation of hemi-ovary or whole ovary may preserve the entire or major part of the contingent of primordial follicles of ovarian fragments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the vitrification of different dimensions goat ovarian tissue on the follicular morphology, viability, diameter, and the stromal cell density. Materials, Methods & Results: The ovarian tissue was vitrified as fragment, hemi-ovary, or whole ovary, and after warming, the preantral follicles were examined by trypan blue dye exclusion test and histological analysis. Preantral follicles incubated with trypan blue were considered viable if the oocyte and granulosa cells remained unstained. Preantral follicles were classified as morphologically normal only when they contained intact oocyte and granulosa cells. The follicular diameter was measured considering the major and minor axes of each follicle; the average of these 2 measurements was used to determine the diameter of each follicle. Ovarian stroma cells density was evaluated by calculating the number of
RESUMO
Background: The main advantage of the cryopreservation of ovarian fragments is a thinner tissue, which facilitates the penetration of cryoprotective agents, but the size of tissue may not be a limiting factor in achieving a successful cryopreservation of the ovarian tissue. This information is highly significant considering that the cryopreservation of hemi-ovary or whole ovary may preserve the entire or major part of the contingent of primordial follicles of ovarian fragments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the vitrification of different dimensions goat ovarian tissue on the follicular morphology, viability, diameter, and the stromal cell density. Materials, Methods & Results: The ovarian tissue was vitrified as fragment, hemi-ovary, or whole ovary, and after warming, the preantral follicles were examined by trypan blue dye exclusion test and histological analysis. Preantral follicles incubated with trypan blue were considered viable if the oocyte and granulosa cells remained unstained. Preantral follicles were classified as morphologically normal only when they contained intact oocyte and granulosa cells. The follicular diameter was measured considering the major and minor axes of each follicle; the average of these 2 measurements was used to determine the diameter of each follicle. Ovarian stroma cells density was evaluated by calculating the number of
Background: The main advantage of the cryopreservation of ovarian fragments is a thinner tissue, which facilitates the penetration of cryoprotective agents, but the size of tissue may not be a limiting factor in achieving a successful cryopreservation of the ovarian tissue. This information is highly significant considering that the cryopreservation of hemi-ovary or whole ovary may preserve the entire or major part of the contingent of primordial follicles of ovarian fragments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the vitrification of different dimensions goat ovarian tissue on the follicular morphology, viability, diameter, and the stromal cell density. Materials, Methods & Results: The ovarian tissue was vitrified as fragment, hemi-ovary, or whole ovary, and after warming, the preantral follicles were examined by trypan blue dye exclusion test and histological analysis. Preantral follicles incubated with trypan blue were considered viable if the oocyte and granulosa cells remained unstained. Preantral follicles were classified as morphologically normal only when they contained intact oocyte and granulosa cells. The follicular diameter was measured considering the major and minor axes of each follicle; the average of these 2 measurements was used to determine the diameter of each follicle. Ovarian stroma cells density was evaluated by calculating the number of
RESUMO
Background: Cryopreservation is a biotech successfully employed in female gametes and embryos. This technique is of great importance for propagation of genetic material from animals with high-value livestock as well as to preserve the fertility of women undergoing cancer treatments. However, low temperatures can result in damage to different cellular compartments and organelles. This damage culminates in reduced viability, since they affect cell metabolism.Review: Cryopreservation consists of maintenance of biological material at low temperatures, in which chemical reactions are ceased, however, allowing the cells to preserve their viability. However, the decrease of temperature and subsequent warming may result in cellular damage. These damages occur in the cell membrane, cytoplasmic organelles and the cell nucleus. It is believed that the fi rst cell structure undergoing cryoinjury is the plasma membrane, responsible for maintaining homeostasis within the cell, and the loss of plasma membrane during the reduction temperature reported the main damage. The membrane damage due to cryopreservation appears to correlate with the reduction of thermal energy at low temperatures, thus limiting the movement of molecules through the phospholipids of lipid bilayer. Cryopreservation also alters the morphology, structure and cellular distribution of lipid droplets, reducing the survival of
Background: Cryopreservation is a biotech successfully employed in female gametes and embryos. This technique is of great importance for propagation of genetic material from animals with high-value livestock as well as to preserve the fertility of women undergoing cancer treatments. However, low temperatures can result in damage to different cellular compartments and organelles. This damage culminates in reduced viability, since they affect cell metabolism.Review: Cryopreservation consists of maintenance of biological material at low temperatures, in which chemical reactions are ceased, however, allowing the cells to preserve their viability. However, the decrease of temperature and subsequent warming may result in cellular damage. These damages occur in the cell membrane, cytoplasmic organelles and the cell nucleus. It is believed that the fi rst cell structure undergoing cryoinjury is the plasma membrane, responsible for maintaining homeostasis within the cell, and the loss of plasma membrane during the reduction temperature reported the main damage. The membrane damage due to cryopreservation appears to correlate with the reduction of thermal energy at low temperatures, thus limiting the movement of molecules through the phospholipids of lipid bilayer. Cryopreservation also alters the morphology, structure and cellular distribution of lipid droplets, reducing the survival of
RESUMO
Background: Cryopreservation is a biotech successfully employed in female gametes and embryos. This technique is of great importance for propagation of genetic material from animals with high-value livestock as well as to preserve the fertility of women undergoing cancer treatments. However, low temperatures can result in damage to different cellular compartments and organelles. This damage culminates in reduced viability, since they affect cell metabolism.Review: Cryopreservation consists of maintenance of biological material at low temperatures, in which chemical reactions are ceased, however, allowing the cells to preserve their viability. However, the decrease of temperature and subsequent warming may result in cellular damage. These damages occur in the cell membrane, cytoplasmic organelles and the cell nucleus. It is believed that the fi rst cell structure undergoing cryoinjury is the plasma membrane, responsible for maintaining homeostasis within the cell, and the loss of plasma membrane during the reduction temperature reported the main damage. The membrane damage due to cryopreservation appears to correlate with the reduction of thermal energy at low temperatures, thus limiting the movement of molecules through the phospholipids of lipid bilayer. Cryopreservation also alters the morphology, structure and cellular distribution of lipid droplets, reducing the survival of
Background: Cryopreservation is a biotech successfully employed in female gametes and embryos. This technique is of great importance for propagation of genetic material from animals with high-value livestock as well as to preserve the fertility of women undergoing cancer treatments. However, low temperatures can result in damage to different cellular compartments and organelles. This damage culminates in reduced viability, since they affect cell metabolism.Review: Cryopreservation consists of maintenance of biological material at low temperatures, in which chemical reactions are ceased, however, allowing the cells to preserve their viability. However, the decrease of temperature and subsequent warming may result in cellular damage. These damages occur in the cell membrane, cytoplasmic organelles and the cell nucleus. It is believed that the fi rst cell structure undergoing cryoinjury is the plasma membrane, responsible for maintaining homeostasis within the cell, and the loss of plasma membrane during the reduction temperature reported the main damage. The membrane damage due to cryopreservation appears to correlate with the reduction of thermal energy at low temperatures, thus limiting the movement of molecules through the phospholipids of lipid bilayer. Cryopreservation also alters the morphology, structure and cellular distribution of lipid droplets, reducing the survival of