A systematic and comprehensive protocol for rapid orthodontic extrusion.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present paper is to describe a systematic and detailed protocol for rapid orthodontic extrusion, and to summarize the main results of this protocol in terms of migration of dental, hard and soft tissues, for 10 cases. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS: The working design was to apply a protocol lasting 4 weeks of active phase with intense forces (greater than 300 g), perform weekly the circumferential supra-crestal fiberotomy procedure associated with root-planning, follow up with a passive stabilization phase of another 4 weeks and evaluate the results. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that despite the partial migration of periodontal tissue, the defined protocol we used is, for simplicity of application, brevity of treatment and results, a viable alternative to the surgical technique of clinical crown lengthening in those cases where it is necessary to have more dental tissue exposed for restorative and prosthetic purposes.

Bone quality in relation to skeletal maturation in palatal miniscrews insertion sites.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between bone density and quantity at the insertion sites of palatal miniscrews and skeletal maturation-evaluated with the middle phalanx maturation method-in growing patients. METHODS: Sixty patients were analyzed as having a staged third finger middle phalanx radiograph and a cone-beam computed tomography of the maxilla. On the cone-beam computed tomography, a grid was designed to parallel the midpalatal suture (MPS) and posterior to the nasopalatine foramen, both on the palatal and lower nasal cortical bones. Bone density and thickness were measured at the intersections, and medullary bone density was also calculated. RESULTS: Of patients in MPS stages 1-3, 67.6% showed a mean palatal cortical thickness of <1 mm, whereas in 78.3% of the patients in stages 4 and 5, it was >1 mm. The nasal cortical thickness showed a similar trend (MPS stages 1-3: 62.16% <1 mm; MPS stages 4 and 5: 65.2% >1 mm). There was a significant difference in the density of the palatal cortical bone between MPS stages 1-3 (1272.05 ± 191.13) and stages 4 and 5 (1572.33 ± 274.89) and in nasal cortical density between MPS stages 1-3 (1428.09 ± 198.97) and stages 4 and 5 (1597.97 ± 267.75) (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed a correlation between skeletal maturity and maxillary bone quality. MPS stages 1-3 have lower palatal cortical bone density and thickness but high nasal cortical bone density values. MPS stage 4 and, even more, stage 5 show increasing palatal cortical bone thickness and palatal and nasal cortical bone density values.

Evaluation of the Stomatognathic System before and after Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment in 120 Healthy People by Using Surface Electromyography.

Objective: To investigate the action of osteopathic manipulative treatment on the muscular activity of the stomatognathic apparatus by using surface electromyography (sEMG). Material and Methods: Surface electromyography (sEMG) was performed on the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles of 120 subjects (73 F; 47 M), both at time T0 and T2. The sample was divided into three randomized groups of 40 subjects each: control, placebo, and osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). In the T1 interval between the two evaluations, the control group was not treated, the placebo group underwent a placebo treatment, and the OMT group underwent manipulative treatment. The mean value of each measurement and its coefficient of variation, between time T0 and T2, were calculated for both the intragroup (OMT, placebo, control) and the intergroup (OMT-placebo, OMT-control). Outcomes: In 40% of the subjects, statistically significant improvements were highlighted in the OMT. Whereas, the statistically significant results of the placebo and control groups were 7.5% and 17.5%, respectively, of which more than 75% moved away from the physiological range, showing a worsening of the muscular activity. This analysis showed statistically significant variations (p ≤ 0.05) in the OMT group compared to the placebo and the control groups. Conclusions: OMT determines variations of the activity of masticatory muscles.

The Impact of Implant-Abutment Connection on Clinical Outcomes and Microbial Colonization: A Narrative Review.

INTRODUCTION: Osseointegration are often suffering from oral conditions, especially, the micro gap at the implant-abutment connection represents a site for bacterial plaque aggregation, leading to increased inflammatory cells and causing peri-implantitis. AIM: The aim of this narrative review was to describe the different kinds of implant-abutment connections and their ability to reduce bacterial leakage and thus prevent peri-implantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The following databases were consulted: Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Research gate and a total of 528 articles were found. After reading the abstract and titles, 473 items were excluded. The remaining articles (n = 55) were assessed for full-text eligibility. Thirty-three studies were included in the review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We selected 22 clinical trials and 11 reviews, examining a total sample of 2110 implants. From the review, it was clear that there exists a relationship between the implant-abutment interface and bacterial leakage. All the connections presented an amount of micro-gap and bacterial micro-leakage, though conical and mixed connection systems seemed to behave better. Moreover, both connections seemed to have a better load distribution and the mixed system also had anti-rotational properties which are very useful during the positioning of the prosthesis.