Influencia de los neuropéptidos,bombesina y calcitonina, sobre el crecimiento de las líneas celulares prostáticas, PC-3, DU 145 y LNCaP / Influence of neuropetides, bombesin and calcitonin, on prostatic cell lines PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP growth

Las células neuroendocrinas están presentes en el tejido prostático normal y tumoral. Los neuropéptidos secretados por estas células tienen funciones biológicas que todavía no han sido totalmente esclarecidas. La presencia de células neuroendocrinas en el carcinoma prostático se relaciona con la progresión del tumor y un peor pronóstico. Estudiamos la influencia de bombesina y calcitonina sobre la proliferación de líneas tumorales prostáticas humanas andrógeno-insensibles, PC-3 y DU-145, y andrógeno-sensible, LNCaP , para ello utilizamos el análisis colorimétrico XTT y recuentos celulares con un hematocitómetro. El crecimiento de la línea celular PC-3 y DU-145 es estimulado por la bombesina y calcitonina pero estos peptidos no ejercen efecto estimulador sobre la línea celular LNCaP. Esto indica que la bombesina y calcitonina pueden modular la proliferación sobre las líneas andrógeno-insensibles "in vitro" y podrían actuar, por tanto, como factores paracrinos estimuladores del crecimiento sobre las células cancerosas prostáticas que se vuelven resistentes al tratamiento hormonal (AU)

[Effect of the neuropeptides bombesin and calcitonin on the growth of prostate cell lines, PC-3, DU 145, and LNCaP]. / Influencia de los neuropéptidos, bombesina y calcitonina, sobre el crecimiento de las líneas celulares prostáticas, PC-3, DU 145 y LNCaP.

Neuroendocrine cells are present in normal and tumoral prostate tissue, the neuropeptides secreted by this cells have a biological functions that have not been fully elucidated. The presence of neuroendocrine cells in prostatic carcinoma have been shown to increase tumor progression. We characterized the in vitro proliferative influence of bombesin and calcitonin in androgen-insensitive, PC-3 and DU-145, and androgen-sensitive, LNCaP, cell lines of human prostate cancers. The influence of these neuropeptides on proliferation were assessed using the colorimetric XTT assay and by cells counts with a hemocytometer. The growth of PC-3 and DU-145 cell lines is stimulated by bombesin and calcitonin but exerted any stimulatory effect on the proliferation of the LNCaP cell line. This indicate that bombesin and calcitonin can modulate proliferation of androgen-insensitive human prostate cell lines "in vitro" and may be potential paracrine growth promoters in stablished androgen irresponsive human prostatic carcinoma cells.

[Histomorphometry study of the effect of an inhibitor of 5-alpha reductase on the coating of human prostate explants in tissue culture]. / Estudio histomorfométrico del efecto de un inhibidor de la 5-alfa-reductasa sobre el recubrimiento de explantes de próstata humana en cultivo de tejido.

Histomorphometric study of hyperplastic human prostate explants coating grown "in vitro" to evaluate the response to a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor (finasteride). Explants were grown for four weeks in three groups, one in growth medium alone (RPM1-1640), one supplemented with testosterone and one supplemented with testosterone plus finasteride. Explants underwent histological studies, quantifying the surface and thickness of the coating epithelium. Study of the values obtained from the different samples show significant differences (p < 0.001) for the coated surface and its thickness between groups supplemented with testosterone and testosterone + finasteride, and so it can be inferred that this compound (finasteride) would blockade basal cells proliferation and their migration on the explant surface.

[Effect of bombesin on cultured prostatic cells]. / Evaluación de la acción de la bombesina sobre células prostáticas en cultivo.

The detection of immunoreactivity to bombesin-like peptides in endocrine-paracrine cells from normal and pathological prostates suggest they have a regulatory role over this structure. With the purpose of explaining the action of these peptides on the prostate tissue an analysis is made of the bombesin effect on single-layer cultures of normal (rat ventral prostate) and tumoral (PC-3 cell line) prostate tissue. After performing morphological studies through phase contrast microscopy, as well as using cell counts and immunohistochemical techniques (Ki-67) to study the influence of bombesin on cell proliferation, this has been shown to stimulate prostate cells proliferation "in vitro". This response was revealed with greater intensity at bombesin concentrations of 0.5 nM/ml on the rat ventral prostate and bombesin 1 nM/ml on the PC-3 cell line. No morphological differences were observed between the controls and the bombesin-containing microwells in the rat ventral prostate, but some greater size cell elements with irregular shape were seen in the PC-3 cultures, as well as an increased number of mitotic division shapes in the wells filled up with bombesin.

[Verrucous carcinoma of the penis]. / Carcinoma verrucoso de pene.

The present work reports one case of penis verruciform carcinoma. Such neoplastic process is considered to be a variation of the scaly carcinoma with specific histopathological features. Clinical and histopathological as well as therapeutic aspects (conservative or radical surgical therapy, depending on the evolutive stage and laser electrocoagulation) were analyzed.

[Adrenal gland myelolipoma: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects]. / Mielolipoma suprarrenal: aspectos diagnósticos y terapéuticos.

Presentation of a case of suprarenal myelolipoma, pre-operatively diagnosed through sonography and CAT due to endocrine inactivity, as shown by the laboratory tests carried out. There is also a literature review and the analysis of the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects regarding this disorder.

[Lymphoma of the penis]. / Linfoma de pene.

A case of lymphoma of the penis in a 67-year-old patient is described herein. The literature is reviewed, highlighting its rarity, different forms of presentation, and the therapeutic modalities--which have yet to be well-defined--utilized in some of the cases. We underscore the importance of currently available diagnostic tools in determining the nature of this penile tumor.

[Hemangioma of the testis: a problem of clinical diagnosis]. / Hemangioma testicular: un problema de diagnóstico clínico.

Vascular tumors of the testis are uncommon. A review of the literature showed that only 10 such cases have been reported. Another case of cavernous hemangioma of the testicle is described. Its clinical features, different histological patterns, treatment and its biological significance are discussed.

[Urinary amebiasis: a parasitosis of exceptional presentation]. / Amebiasis urinaria: una parasitosis de excepcional presentación.

We report a case of urinary tract amebiasis localized to the bladder. We reviewed the different ways secondary infection can spread to the urinary tract (rupture of hepatic amebic abscess, perforation in amebic dysentery, or hematogenous spread of amebas) and the primary form of presentation and spread that have been recently focussed upon, i.e. via the "ascending route" in deviant sexual habits of bisexuals and homosexuals, parasites in the anorectal area can colonize the urethra. We discuss the different diagnostic methods and treatment of urinary and intestinal amebiasis, as well as their possible relationship.

[Electron microscopic microanalysis of prickle cell carcinoma, basaloma, malignant melanoma and normal skin]. / Elektronenmikroskopische Mikro-Analyse (EMMA) von Spinaliom, Basaliom, malignem Melanom und normaler Haut.

EMMA has been used in Dermatology since 10 years. In 1981, Fisher established the Cu/Zn index as a parameter for the prognosis of malignant melanoma. We tested the EMMA technique as a means to determine the Cu/Zn index in basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and normal skin. Our preliminary conclusions are: EMMA may be useful to determine the Cu/Zn index in skin tumors; it is possible to obtain useful data from tumors already fixed in paraffin; (c) the highest Cu/Zn index was found in normal skin, the lowest one in malignant melanoma.

Relationship of the vestibular hair cells to magnetic particles in the otolith of the guitarfish sacculus.

Magnetite particles were systematically localized within the otolithic mass as a conspicuous curved band in the most ventral region of the guitarfish sacculus. The magnetite band overlaid two separated segments of neuroepithelium in the macula, a long segment oriented parallel to the longitudinal body axis, and a short segment oriented in a transverse plane. The exogenous magnetite particles differed from the endogenous otoconia both in their capacity of orienting to magnetic fields, and their difference in mass due to the higher atomic weight of iron. In addition to the normal gravistatic function of the sacculus, two additional receptor functions are hypothesized based upon the differences between the endogenous and exogenous otoconia. A geomagnetic field could induce magnetite displacements detectable by the hair cells for purposes of geomagnetic orientation. Alternatively, the greater atomic weights of magnetite, relative to that of otoconia, could result in gravitational and linear acceleration, which differed in different regions of the macula.

Magnets in guitarfish vestibular receptors.

Black magnetic particles are intermixed with white crystalline otoconia in the inner ear gravity receptors of a saltwater ray. Their size and composition suggest that they are multidomains of magnetite-ilmenite.

[Comparative ultrastructural study of the epithelial stromal junction in the prostatic gland]. / Estudio ultraestructural comparado de los E.S.J. en la glándula prostática.

In this paper, the authors carry out a comparative study of the structures adjacent to the alveolar periphery of the prostate-glands of men, dogs and bulls. In the three cases an E.S.J. (Epithelial-Stromal-Junction) similar to that described in the mammary gland and characterized in the first two cases by the existence of four, ultrastruct strata, consisting of the basal lamina, the somas of the adjacent fibroblasts and their cytoplasmic expansions as well as the arrangement of the intercellular, collagen microfibrils, was found to exist in this gland. In the case of the bovine prostate gland, the structural organization of the E.S.J. was basically characterized by the structural arrangement of the collagen microfibrils. The structures described constitute models on which to base future research on the hyperplastic and neoplastic processes of the prostate gland.