Prevalencia de enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 mediante determinación del filtrado glomerular y su relación con el riesgo cardiovascular / Prevalence of chronic renal insufficiency in diabetic type 2 diabetes patients based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate and relation with cardiovascular risk

Fundamento y objetivo: Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: determinar la prevalencia de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) mediante la estimación del filtrado glomerular (FGe); comprobar los factores asociados a ERC; y en que medida el filtrado glomerular se relaciona con un riesgo aumentado de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). Pacientes y método: Estudio observacional retrospectivo transversal. Revisión de una muestra representativa de 500 historias clínicas seleccionada aleatoriamente del listado de 2.950 pacientes con DM2 de nuestra área. Se registraron datos sociodemográaficos, comorbilidades, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, tratamientos farmacológicos y datos analíticos. La ERC se definió como FGe < 60 ml/min/ 1,72m2 y se clasificó en estadios según la K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease. Resultados: El 51,6% eran mujeres y la media de edad era de 66,2 años. Se observó una prevalencia de ERC del 23,2%, con 108 casos (21,6%) en stadio 3 y 8 (1,6%) en estadio 4, sin ningún paciente en estadio 5. Un 70,4% eran hipertensos, un 67% tenían dislipidemia, el 17,6% eran fumadores y el 19% tenían antecedente de ECV (46% de ellos, cardiopatía isquémica). La presencia de ERC se relacionó con más edad, sexo femenino, creatinina plasmática elevada, presencia de microabuminuria y antecedentes de tabaquismoactivo, HTA, dislipidemia y ECV. Al analizar los datos según las categorías de ERC, desaparecía la relación significativa con el tabaquismo. En el análisis multivariado existía relación positiva con edad, sexo femenino, dislipidemia y cardiopatía isquémica. Conclusión: En este estudio se confirma la elevada prevalencia de ERC en pacientes con DM2 y su relación con la presencia de enfermedad cardiovascular (AU)

Background and objective: The aim of this study was: to estimate the prevalence of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) in diabetic type 2 (DM2) patients treated in Primary Care based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFe); to determine associated factors with CRI, and to evaluate the relationship of GF rate and risk of cardiovascular disease. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. We included 500 medical histories randomly selected in a total of 2,950 DM2 patients. We registered sociodemographic data, comorbidities, cardiovascular risk factors and laboratory data. CRI definition was based on GFe rate and classified according to the K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease. Results: The prevalence of CRI was 23.2%. There were 51.6% females and the mean age was 66.2 years; 70,4% had hypertension and 67% dyslipidemia. The presence of CRI was related with older age, females, smoking habit, plasma creatinine value, microalbuminuria, and history of hypert nsion, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. After analysing the data according to the category of GF rate, only the significant relationship with smoking habit disappeared. Multivariate statistic analysis supports a relation with older age, female gender, dyslipidemia and heart disease. Conclusions: We confirm a high prevalence of CRI in DM2 patients and their relationship with the presence of cardiovascular disease (AU)

[Prevalence of chronic renal insufficiency in diabetic type 2 diabetes patients based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate and relation with cardiovascular risk]. / Prevalencia de enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 mediante determinación del filtrado glomerular y su relación con el riesgo cardiovascular.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was: to estimate the prevalence of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) in diabetic type 2 (DM2) patients treated in Primary Care based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFe); to determine associated factors with CRI, and to evaluate the relationship of GF rate and risk of cardiovascular disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. We included 500 medical histories randomly selected in a total of 2,950 DM2 patients. We registered sociodemographic data, comorbidities, cardiovascular risk factors and laboratory data. CRI definition was based on GFe rate and classified according to the K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease. RESULTS: The prevalence of CRI was 23.2%. There were 51.6% females and the mean age was 66.2 years; 70,4% had hypertension and 67% dyslipidemia. The presence of CRI was related with older age, females, smoking habit, plasma creatinine value, microalbuminuria, and history of hypertension, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. After analysing the data according to the category of GF rate, only the significant relationship with smoking habit disappeared. Multivariate statistic analysis supports a relation with older age, female gender, dyslipidemia and heart disease. CONCLUSIONS: We confirm a high prevalence of CRI in DM2 patients and their relationship with the presence of cardiovascular disease.