RESUMO
Parental role modeling has a major influence on adolescent alcohol use. Our study examined maternal factors associated with daughters' alcohol use among inner-city racial minority adolescents of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected mothers. A nonprobability sample of 176 mothers (37% with HIV) and their adolescent daughters completed self-administered surveys. Between- and within-group analyses were conducted using hierarchical multivariate logistic regressions. Findings showed that in the full sample, difficulty talking with daughters about alcohol was positively associated with alcohol use among daughters, whereas maternal report of importance of religion was negatively associated with alcohol use among daughters. Within-group analysis of participants by maternal HIV status revealed that maternal beliefs that drinking alcohol in front of their daughters was normative were associated with higher odds of adolescent alcohol use in households with HIV-infected mothers. These preliminary findings highlight the potential increased vulnerability of racial minority adolescent girls living in households with HIV-infected mothers.
Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/psicologia , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Grupos Minoritários/psicologia , Mães/psicologia , Poder Familiar , Consumo de Álcool por Menores/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Comportamento Materno , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Grupos Minoritários/estatística & dados numéricos , Relações Mãe-Filho , New Jersey , New York , Pennsylvania , Assunção de Riscos , Comportamento Sexual , Meio Social , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol 326 is a study of 2 formulations of recombinant canarypox ALVAC vaccine (vCP205) against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). HIV-1-exposed infants were randomized to receive 1 of 2 formulations of vCP205 or placebo at birth and 4, 8, and 12 weeks. The vaccines were safe. Lymphoproliferative responses were detected at > or =2 time points in 44%-56% of vaccinees and none of the placebo recipients. A cytotoxic T lymphocyte response on at least 1 occasion was detected in 62.5% of infants in cohort 1 (10(6.08) median tissue culture dose [TCID(50)] vaccine formulation) and 44% of infants in cohort 2 (10(6.33) TCID(50) vaccine formulation). Rare mucosal immunoglobulin A responses and no measurable vaccine-elicited serum antibodies were detected. In children, vCP205 appeared to be safe and immunogenic.
