Leafhopper subfamily Hylicinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae) in the Indian subcontinent with description of new species.

The genera and species of Hylicinae reported from the Indian subcontinent are reviewed. Hatigoria zhangi sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh), Hemisudra indica sp. nov. (India: Manipur), Kalasha confusa sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya), Kalasha manikya sp. nov. (India: Manipur) and Sudra manipurensis sp. nov. (India: Manipur) are described. Genera Hemisudra Schmidt, Hatigoria Distant and Sudra Stål are new records for India. All the taxa dealt with are illustrated and diagnosed, new taxa are described and illustrated. A revised diagnosis of the subfamily Hylicinae is provided. A revised key to Hylicinae genera of the Indian subcontinent and a checklist are also provided.

Two new Scaphoideini leafhopper genera (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from India.

Two new genera and species of Scaphoideini from India, namely Kengundia flavoscutellata gen. et sp. nov. and Swetarekha multicolor gen. et sp. nov., from the Western Ghats in the Indian state of Karnataka, are described and illustrated. Their relationships with the known genera of the tribe are discussed.

Review of the leafhopper genus Drabescus Stl (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) in the Indian subcontinent with description of one new species.

The leafhopper genus Drabescus Stl is reviewed for the Indian subcontinent with one new species described, D. austroindicus sp. nov. (India: Tamil Nadu). A checklist and key to the species from the Indian subcontinent are given.

Idiocerine leafhopper genus Paraidioscopus Maldonado-Capriles (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Eurymelinae) in the Indian subcontinent with description of one new species.

Genus Paraidioscopus Maldonado-Capriles is rediagnosed. One new species, Paraidioscopus andamanicus sp. nov. (Andaman & Nicobar Is: Diglipur) is described and illustrated. One new combination Paraidioscopus unimaculatus (Melichar) comb. nov. is proposed for Idiocerus unimaculatus Melichar from Sri Lanka and it is redescribed and illustrated. A key to known species of Paraidioscopus from the Oriental region is given.

Leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae of the Indian subcontinent: 1. Description of Yelahanka gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with seven new species and new combinations.

One new genus of the tribe Ledrini, Yelahanka gen. nov. is described with Petalocephala granulosa Distant as its type species. The genus is characterised by the flexing of the forewing laterad of a strongly carinate or keeled outer claval vein and the claval veins fused in the distal two thirds. Seven new species, Yelahanka canaraica sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), Y. kodaiensis sp. nov. (India: Tamil Nadu), Y. montana sp. nov. (India: Tamil Nadu), Y. nepalica sp. nov. (Nepal), Y. sikkimensis sp. nov. (India: Sikkim), Y. shillongensis sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya) and Y. trifida sp. nov. (India: Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh) are described and illustrated. The following new combinations are proposed: Yelahanka bainbriggei (Distant) comb. nov., Y. granulosa (Distant) comb. nov., Y. punctata (Walker) comb. nov. and Y. tabulata (Distant) comb. nov.; originally punctata was placed in the genus Ledra Fabricius and remaining species were placed in Petalocephala Stål. Petalocephala bainbriggei Distant 1916 is treated as a junior synonym of Y. granulosa (Distant 1910) syn. nov. and P. tabulata Distant 1908 is treated as a junior synonym of Yelahanka punctata (Walker 1851) syn. nov. Y. granulosa is newly recorded from Africa (Tanzania and Kenya) and Malaya. Relationships of the new genus with other genera of Ledrini are discussed and a key to species of the genus is also provided.

Three new leafhopper species of Macropsis Lewis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Eurymelinae: Macropsini) with a key to species from the Indian subcontinent.

Three new species, Macropsis dalhousiensis sp. nov. (India: Himachal Pradesh), M. krishna sp. nov. (India: Karnataka) and M. puttarudriahi sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh) are described and illustrated. M. krishna breeds on Acacia catechu and is actively attended by the ant Camponotus sp. in nymphal and adult stages. A checklist and a revised illustrated key to species of the genus for the Indian subcontinent are also given.

A new genus and three new species of leafhopper tribe Scaphoideini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from India with a note on Gunghuyana cingalensis Distant.

Advikus gen. nov. and three new species, Advikus siddappaji sp. nov. (type species, India: Karnataka), A. andamanicus sp. nov. (India: Andaman Nicobar Islands) and A. radhamaniae sp. nov. (India: Karnataka) are described and illustrated. A key to the known genera of the tribe Scaphoideini from the Indian subcontinent and also the three new species are provided. A lectotype for Gunghuyana cingalensis Distant is designated and the female type is redescribed and illustrated.

Leafhopper tribe Stegelytrini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) of the Indian subcontinent, with a note on Aeternus hieroglyphicus Distant (Cicadellidae: Athysanini).

A checklist of leafhoppers of the tribe Stegelytrini from the Indian subcontinent and a key to genera are given.  Two new species, Pachymetopius anamikus sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya) and Yaontogonia unipuncta sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh) are described and illustrated. Genus Aeternus Distant with its type species A. hieroglyphicus Distant is redescribed based on the male genitalia and its tribal placement is discussed. Habitus images of types of species except Aculescutellaris hirtellus Zhang, Wei Webb are given.

Revision of the Ulopinae leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) of the Indian subcontinent, I. Ulopini genera: Daimachus, Radhades and Ulopsina.

The Ulopinae leafhopper genera of the tribe Ulopini from the Indian subcontinent (Daimachus Distant and Radhades Distant) are redescribed. Four new species of Daimachus are described: D. matheranensis sp. nov. (India: Maharashtra), D. robustus sp. nov. (India: Kerala), D. sirsiensis sp. nov. (India: Karnataka) and D. sudindicus sp. nov. (India: Karnataka, Kerala). Ulopa brunnea Pruthi 1930 is treated as a junior synonym of Daimachus exemplificatus Distant 1916 based on a study of the male genitalia of both species. The latter species, together with Radhades crassus Distant and Ulopsina Dai, Viraktamath Zhang are redescribed and a new subgenus of Ulopsina, Indoulopa subgen. nov. is described from Sub-Himalayan region with Ulopsina (Indoulopa) himalayana sp. nov. as the type species; the genus is reported for the first time from the subcontinent. Key to genera and species dealt with are also provided, all taxa are illustrated and lectotypes are designated for Daimachus exemplificatus, Ulopa brunnea and Radhades crassus.

Leafhopper tribe Coelidiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae) of the Indian subcontinent.

Genera and species of the tribe Coelidiini from the Indian subcontinent are reviewed. Glaberana Nielson, Webbolidia Nielson and Zhangolidia Nielson are recorded from India for the first time. Twenty-three new species are described and illustrated as follows: Calodia deergha sp. nov. (India: Tamil Nadu), C. keralica sp. nov. (India: Kerala), C. kumari sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), C. neofusca sp. nov. (India: Karnataka, Kerala), C. periyari sp. nov. (India: Kerala), C. tridenta sp. nov. (India: Kerala), Glaberana acuta sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya), G. purva sp. nov. (India: Manipur), Olidiana lanceolata sp. nov. (India: Sikkim), O. flectheri sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya), O. umroensis sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya), O. unidenta sp. nov. (India: Assam, West Bengal), Singillatus parapectitus sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh), S. serratispatulatus sp. nov. (India: Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram), Trinoridia dialata sp. nov. (India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra), T. ochrocephala sp. nov. (India: Kerala), T. piperica sp. nov. (India: Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu), T. ramamurthyi sp. nov. (India:Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra), T. saraikela sp. nov. (India: Jarkhand), T. timlivana sp. nov. (India: Uttarakhand), W. andamana sp. nov. (India: Andaman Nicobar), W. burmanica sp. nov. (Myanmar: Lashio) and Zhangolidia weicongi sp. nov. (India: Manipur). Olidiana brevis (Walker), O. perculta (Distant) and Trinoridia tripectinata (Nielson) are recorded for the first time from India and also Glaberana khasiensis (Rao) comb. nov. is proposed. Keys to genera and species with a check-list, distribution and host records are included.

Revision of the bamboo leafhopper tribe Mukariini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from the Indian subcontinent with description of new genera and species.

Leafhopper genera and species of the tribe Mukariini from the Indian subcontinent are revised. Nine genera and 22 species including two new genera, one new subgenus and 12 new species are dealt with. The new taxa described are Aalinga gen. nov. with its type species Aalinga brunoflava sp. nov. (India: Andaman Islands), Buloria indica sp. nov. (India: Karnataka). Buloria zeylanica sp. nov. (Sri Lanka), Flatfronta bella sp. nov. (India: Karnataka; Bangladesh), Mohunia bifurcata sp. nov. (Myanmar), Mukaria omani sp. nov. (India: Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh), Mukaria vakra sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), Mukariella gen. nov. with its type species Mukariella daii sp. nov. (India: Manipur), Myittana (Benglebra) cornuta sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), Myittana (Myittana) distincta sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), Myittana (Savasa) subgen. nov. with its type species Myittana (Savasa) constricta sp. nov. (India: Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand) and Scaphotettix arcuatus sp. nov. (India: West Bengal, Meghalaya, Mizoram). Genera Buloria Distant (new placement), Crispina Distant (new placement) and Myittana Distant (new placement) are placed in the tribe Mukariini. Genus Mohunia is redefined based on the study of its type species. Benglebra Mahmood Ahmed 1969 is synonymised with Myittana Distant 1908 and considered as its subgenus. Myittana (Benglebra) alami (Mahmood Ahmed) comb. nov., Myittana (Savasa) bipunctata (Mahmood Ahmed) comb. nov.. Myittana (Benglebra) introspina (Chen Yang 2007) comb. nov. and Mukariella bambusana (Li Chen) comb. nov. are proposed; the first two species were earlier placed in the genus Benglebra, the third species in the genus Mohunia and the fourth in the genus Mukaria. Genera Flatfronta Chen Li and Myittana are new records for India and Scaphotettix striata Dai Zhang is a new record for the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka. All taxa dealt with are described and illustrated and keys for genera and their species are also given.

Revision of the penthimiine leafhopper genus Tambila Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) of the Indian subcontinent.

The genus Tambila Distant of the deltocephaline tribe Penthimiini of the Indian Subcontinent is revised. Tambila opulenta Distant is placed as a junior synonym of Tambila greeni Distant and Tambila gravelyi Distant as a junior synonym of Tambila majuscula (Distant). All valid taxa are redescribed, illustrated and a key to the eight known species from the subcontinent is included. A new record is given for T. gravely from Mauritius (on mango).

Review of the leafhopper genus Penthimia Germar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from the Indian subcontinent with description of seven new species.

Species of the leafhopper genus Penthimia Germar known from the Indian subcontinent are reviewed based on the examination of type specimens. Seven new species of the genus, Penthimia curvata sp. nov. (Karnataka: Bandipur), P. meghalayensis sp. nov. (Meghalaya: Nangpoh), P. neoattenuata sp. nov. (India: Tamil Nadu), P. ribhoi sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya), P. sahyadrica sp. nov. (Karnataka: Dharmasthala, Agumbe; Kerala: Thekkady), P. spiculata sp. nov. (Karnataka: Nagarahole) and P. tumida sp. nov. (Tamil Nadu: Ootacamund; Kerala: Munnar) are described. The following nomenclatorial changes are proposed: Penthimia alba Zahniser, McKamey Dmitriev, 2012 (replacement name for P. thoracica Distant, 1918, nec Panzer, 1799), syn. nov. of P. quadrinotata Distant, 1918; Neodartus scutellatus Distant, 1908 syn. nov. of Penthimia ereba Distant 1908; P. nilgiriensis Distant, 1918 syn. nov. of P. montana Distant, 1918; P. scutellata (Distant) comb. nov. (from genus Neodartus); a lectotype is designated for P. maculosa Distant, stat. revived, thereby removing its synonymy with P. scapularis Distant. The following other lectotypes are designated: P. attenuata Distant, P. subniger Distant, P. scapularis Distant, P. distanti Baker, P. ereba Distant, N. scutellatus Distant, P. fraterna Distant, P. funebris Distant, P. juno Distant, P. maculosa Distant, P. montana Distant, P. noctua Distant, P. quadrinotata Distant, P. alba Zahniser, McKamey Dmitriev. Examination of types of Penthimia rufopunctata Motschulsky revealed that it belongs to Penthimia and hence it is transferred back to that genus from Neodartus, revised placement. The following species previously included in the genus Penthimia are transferred to the genera Tambila Distant and Vulturnus Kirkaldy: Tambila badia (Distant) comb. nov., T. majuscula (Distant) comb. nov., T. vittatifrons (Distant) comb. nov., T. variabilis (Distant) comb. nov. and Vulturnus flavocapitata (Distant) comb. nov. Three species are treated in a new Penthimia compacta Walker complex, i.e., Penthimia compacta Walker 1851, Penthimia subniger Distant 1908 and Penthimia scapularis Distant 1908. All taxa are described and a key to Penthimiini genera found in the subcontinent and also a key to species of Penthimia are included.

Revision of the evacanthine leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) of the Indian subcontinent.

The leafhoppers of the tribe Evacanthini of the Indian subcontinent (Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Sri Lanka) are reviewed. The genus Apphia Distant 1918, is reinstated as a valid genus from synonymy with Onukia Matsumura stat. rev. and redefined based on the male genitalia characters. The genus Angustuma Xing Li 2013, (new name for Angustella Li 1986, not Waagen 1907) is considered a junior synonym of Apphia. The genera Carinata Li Wang, Concavocorona Wang Zhang, Risefronta Li Wang, Shortcrowna Li Li, Striatanus Li Wang and Taperus Li and Wang along with Bundera bambusana Yang, Chen Li, Carinata midfasciana Wang Li, Onukia albiclypeus Li Wang, O. flavocapitata Li Wang and Risefronta albicincta Li Wang are here recorded for the first time from the Sub-Himalayan region of the Indian subcontinent. Keys to genera and included species are given. The new taxa recognized are Apphia flava sp. nov. (India: Meghalaya), Bundera acutivertex sp. nov. (India: Mizoram), Concavocorana kambaiti sp. nov. (Myanmar; Kambaiti), Evacanthus albipennis sp. nov. (Nepal), E. convolutus sp. nov. (India: Himachal Pradesh), E. distinctus sp. nov. (India: Himachal Pradesh), E. manaliensis sp. nov. (India: Himachal Pradesh), E. yeshwanthi sp. nov. (India: Meghalya), Onukia echina sp. nov. (India: Manipur), Onukindia gen. nov. (type species : Platyretus connexus Distant), Onukindia aruna sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh), O. compressa sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal), Shortcrowna rubrostriata sp. nov. (Myanmar: Kambaiti), Striatanus delta sp. nov. (India: West Bengal; Mizoram) and Taperus indicus sp. nov. (India: Arunachal Pradesh). The following new combinations (genera of original combination in parenthesis): Apphia albida Li Li) comb. nov., A. albonotata (Yang Zhang) comb. nov., A. basinigra (Wang Zhang) comb. nov., A. flavimacula (Wang Zhang) comb. nov., A. flavinigra (Wang Zhang) comb. nov., A. jinghongensis (LI Li) comb. nov., A. leucostriata (Li Wang) comb. nov., A. longipyga (Li Wang) comb. nov., A. nigricarina (Li) comb. nov., A. nigricauda (Cheng, Yang Li) comb. nov., A. nigrimargina (Li Li) comb. nov., A. nigrinota (Yang Zhang) comb. nov., A. pallida (Cai He) comb. nov., A. panxianensis (Li Li) comb. nov., A. rudorsuma (Xing Li) comb. nov. and A. rufipenna (Li Wang) comb. nov. (all from Angustuma), Apphia assamensis (Ramakrishnan) comb. nov. (Dussana), Apphia himalayana (Distant) comb. nov. (Platyretus) and Onukindia connexa (Distant) comb. nov. (Platyretus) are made. Evacanthus repexus Distant and Vangama steneosaura Distant appear to be species complexes and need to be further investigated. Lectotypes are designated for: Apphia burmanica Distant, Apphia himalayana (Distant), Bundera venata Distant, Cunedda phaeops Distant, Evacanthus bellus (Distant), Evacanthus militaris (Distant), Evacanthus repexus Distant, Mainda praeculta Distant, Onukindia connexa (Distant) and Vangama steneosaura Distant.

New species of the leafhopper genera Sophonia and Stenotortor (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) from the Oriental region.

Three new species, Sophonia picta sp. nov., Sophonia similis sp. nov. (both from Indonesia: Kalimantan Tengah) and Stenotortor acuta sp. nov. (from India: Karnataka), are described and illustrated. S. picta closely resembles S. malayana (Baker) externally but differs in having a round carmine red spot on the crown and a black round spot on the apical third of the forewing. Though the aedeagus of S. malayana and S. picta are similar, S. picta has a ventral pair of aedeagal processes with subequal branches compared to a lateral pair with unequal branches in S. malayana. S. similis closely resembles S. sandakanensis (Baker) externally but differs in having a round black spot on the apical third of the forewing and a short apical process on the aedeagal shaft. Sophonia sandakanenesis Baker is redescribed. A revised key to the species of Sophonia from Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines is also provided. Stenotortor acuta sp. nov. resembles both S. inocarpi Baker and S. subhimalya Viraktamath Wesley but differs in a having more acutely pointed head. Illustrations of the three earlier known species of Stenotortor and also the new species are provided along with a key for their identification.

A review of the coelidiine leafhopper genus Mahellus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae) with description of two new species from the Oriental region.

Two new species of the genus Mahellus Nielson, M. cardoni sp. nov. (Indonesia: Sulawesi) and M. ungulatus sp. nov. (India: Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu) are described and illustrated. M. distanti Nielson is also illustrated with several new locality records. A key for the four known species of the genus is also given.

Punctulini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae), a new leafhopper tribe from the Oriental region and Pacific Islands.

A new tribe of the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae, Punctulini tribe nov., from China, India, Thailand, and Fiji is described and includes three new genera and five new species: Punctulus gen. nov. includes P. tumidifrons sp. nov. from China, P. manipurensis from India, and P. lobatus sp. nov. from Thailand; Hirsutula gen. nov. includes H. rubrifrons sp. nov. from Thailand; and Taveunius gen. nov. includes T. megapunctatus sp. nov., from Fiji. A key to the genera of Punctulini is provided. Observations on the shared morphological characters of Punctulini with the superficially similar tribe Magnentiini, and with Vartini to which it is found to be related based on phylogenetic analyses of morphological and molecular data including newly available sequences and analyses, are made and discussed. Afrovarta Zahniser 2013 is removed from Vartini and placed in Athysanini, placement nov.

Review of the genus Signoretia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Signoretiinae) of the Oriental region with description of nine new species.

Species of Signoretia Stål from the Oriental region are reviewed and types of five species described by Baker, two species described by Distant and one species described by Schmidt are illustrated. A checklist of 20 species of the genus from the Oriental region including 9 new species is given. The new species described and illustrated are Signoretia dulitensis sp. nov. (Malaysia: Mt Dulit), S. lunglei sp. nov. (India: Mizoram), S. mishmiensis sp. nov. (Myanmar: Mishmi Hills), S. quoinensis sp. nov. (Malaysia: Quoin Hill), S. rubra sp. nov. (Thailand: Chiang Mai), S. sahyadrica sp. nov. (India: Kerala), S. similaris sp. nov. (Vietnam: Fyan), S. sinuata sp. nov. (India: West Bengal) and S. takiyae sp. nov. (India: Andaman Is.). Both S. aureola Distant and S. maculata Baker are redescribed and illustrated. Lectotypes are designated for S. greeni Distant and S. aureola Distant.

Genera of Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea) from south India--an illustrated key to genera and checklist of species.

Family Pentatomidae is represented by four subfamilies (Asopinae, Pentatominae, Phyllocephalinae and Podopinae) and 86 genera in south India. Pentatominae are the dominant group represented by 29 tribes and 72 genera. An illustrated key including the habitus of majority of genera as well as illustrations of important diagnostic features are given for the subfamilies, tribes and genera occurring in south India. In addition, a key to families of Pentatomoidea and a checklist of species of Pentatomidae occurring in south India are also included.

Four new species of the grass feeding leafhopper genus Nicolaus Lindberg (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from the Indian subcontinent.

The leafhopper genus Nicolaus Lindberg is recorded from India and Pakistan for the first time. Four new species, N. abuensis sp. nov., N. bidentatus sp. nov., N. cornutus sp. nov. and N. serratus sp. nov. are described and illustrated. N. bihamatus Xing & Li, earlier known from China is recorded from India and Pakistan. A key to the species of Nicolaus from the study area is provided.