Neurologic Conditions Associated with Cavus Foot Deformity.

The cavus foot deformity is an often less understood deformity within the spectrum of foot and ankle conditions. The hallmark concern is the possibility of an underlying neurologic or neuromuscular disorder. Although a proportion of these deformities are idiopathic, a significant majority do correlate with an underlying disorder. The appropriate evaluation of this deformity, in coordination within the multidisciplinary scope of health care, allows for a timely diagnosis and understanding of the patient's condition. We provide an abbreviated survey of possible underlying etiologies for the patient with the cavus foot deformity as a reference to the foot and ankle surgeon.

The Subtle Cavovarus Foot Deformity: The Nonneurologic Form of Cavus Foot Deformity.

Conditions of ankle instability, peroneal tendon tears, and stress fractures of the lateral metatarsals are commonly encountered in a clinical foot and ankle practice. Evaluation of the supporting foot structure is critical to prevent failure of index procedures. The prominence of the subtle cavus foot is now a recognized entity and must be properly diagnosed and addressed surgically.

Tendon Transfers and Their Role in Cavus Foot Deformity.

Management of the cavus foot is a difficult task for the foot and ankle surgeon. Tendon transfers have been a longstanding accepted treatment for the flexible cavus foot. Performing tendon transfers requires an in-depth understanding of the patient's medical history, factors leading to the development of deformity, as well as the deforming forces contributing to the deformity. Evaluation of the patient for rigid, progressive, and/or spastic deformities is critical to avoid postoperative complications. Educating the patient on postoperative rehabilitation, potential complications, and postoperative expectations is essential to ensure appropriate surgical outcomes.

The Role of Peroneal Tendinopathy and the Cavovarus Foot and Ankle.

Peroneal tendon pathology is often an overlooked and underdiagnosed condition. It is often confused with chronic ankle instability. It is important when surgically managed to assess the condition of the tendons, muscle viability and strength, and associated cavovarus deformity. Complex reconstruction may be needed, including 2-stage procedures with a silicone rod and tendon transfer.