Reactor decay heat in 239Pu: solving the γ discrepancy in the 4-3000-s cooling period.

The ß feeding probability of (102,104,105,106,107)Tc, 105Mo, and 101Nb nuclei, which are important contributors to the decay heat in nuclear reactors, has been measured using the total absorption technique. We have coupled for the first time a total absorption spectrometer to a Penning trap in order to obtain sources of very high isobaric purity. Our results solve a significant part of a long-standing discrepancy in the γ component of the decay heat for 239Pu in the 4-3000 s range.

Gastric hyalinization as a possible consequence of corrosive injury.

We report a case of gastric obstruction due to hyalinization of the antrum. The endoscopic appearance of the lesion was suggestive of Crohn's disease or gastric neoplasm. Biopsy showed pseudopolypous gastritis with ulceration and fibroid granulation. Surgery was carried out to relieve the obstruction. Examination of the resected specimen showed massive hyalinization of all layers of the antral wall with circular collagenous infiltration and a normal duodenal bulb. The question of hyaloid gastritis as a unique entity is raised. Subsequently, information from the patient revealed the cause: voluntary acid ingestion causing corrosive injury.

[Positron emission tomography ia an effective tool in modern oncology]. / A pozitronemissziós tomográfia a korszerü onkológiai ellátás hatékony eszköze.

A total of 399 positron emission tomography (PET) examinations were carried out with a GE 4096 Plus PET scanner during the past 5 years on patients referred to the National Institute of Oncology in Budapest. The majority (n = 316) of these investigations were performed with the use of [18F]-fluorodezoxyglucose (FDG) to map the glucose metabolism; [11C]-methionine PET was indicated in 79 cases to detect protein transport and metabolism. The perfusion tracer [15O]-butanol was applied in only 4 cases to answer certain oncology-related, differential diagnostic questions. The oncological examinations were related to primary diagnostics, staging/restaging and therapy monitoring. In the staging/restaging and therapy monitoring of known tumours, conclusive results were achieved in 81-82% of the cases by using either FDG or [11C]-methionine as tracer. The concordant numerical data indicated that the PET investigation provides a definite answer to the question of the presence or absence of viable tumour tissue, with similar effectivity in any of the above indications, no matter whether FDG or [11C]-methionine is used. The search for occult primary tumours was the most frequent indication within the primary diagnostics: 10 (37%) primaries were localized by using FDG PET in the 27 investigated cases. This is a remarkably high value, especially in view of the failure of all the conventional diagnostic procedures carried out prior to the PET investigations. Application of PET may be indicated in all cases when the ultimate question is a non-invasive estimation of viable tumorous tissue.

[Clinical pathology of gastric mucosal dysplasia]. / A gyomornyálkahártya dysplasiájának klinikai patológiája.

The stomach cancer develops on dysplastic lesions of gastric mucosa. It can be found in every precancerous condition, as chronic gastritis, gastric adenoma, giant rugal hypertrophy, chronic peptic ulcer, gastric stump after partial resection, pernicious anaemia. So, this dysplastic change is not a specific lesion. Different classifications are known for grading of gastric dysplasia. Authors evaluated them compared with each other. The signs of dysplasia were studied in 306 gastric aimed biopsy specimens from 233 patients between 1979-1990. In this material severe dysplasia occurred in 20.6%. It means a frequency of 0.84% regarding all gastric endoscopies in the same period of time. The endoscopic investigation revealed a protruded lesion in 18.5% and excavated one in 45.9%. What is very important, local change could not be detected in 35.6%. Follow-up study could be performed in 49 patients in a period of 1-7 years. In this group cancer developed in five patients. By the other hand, 22 gastric carcinomas were proved amongst 233 patients. The authors' recommendation is to follow-up the patients bearing gastric dysplasia at least during 10 years after the diagnosis.

[Esophageal and gastric candidiasis]. / Nyelöcsö és gyomor candidiasis.

The authors examined the morbidity rate of mycotic diseases of stomach and esophagus. There were 746 biopsian and abrasian cytologic samplings carried out in a year and 12.3% of the cases turned out to be positive. Comparing the two sampling patterns the abrasian cytology has proved to be more effective. The prevalence of candidiasis was found to be higher in case of malignant diseases. In states accompanied by low acid values (as in case of patients under H2-receptor blocking--treatment) mycotic infection proved to be more frequent, too.