Correlation of in vitro fertilization (IVF) infertility treatment outcomes and body weight index in women of reproductive age.

Backgraund: obesity/overweight in women are often the causes of menstrual dysfunction and infertility. AIMS: To identify the association between overweight/obesity and IVF outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: retrospective study - data of 1874 patients undergoing IVF in the Endocrinology Research Centre (2012-2019) was analyzed. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: BMI <18.5 kg/m2, polycystic ovary syndrome, donation of -oocytes, ectopic pregnancy, fertilization with partner's epididymal/testicular sperm. The study included 1583 women aged 21-45 years (median 33.0 y.o. [30.0; 37.0], median BMI 23 kg/m2 [20.7; 26.2]). Statistical data processing was performed using the STATISTICA application package (StatSoft). The threshold level of statistical significance is <0.05. RESULTS: Patients were divided into 5 groups (gr.): normal body weight (NBW) - 1061 people (ppl.) (gr. 1), overweight - 368 (gr. 2), class I obesity - 117 (gr. 3), class II obesity - 36 (gr. 4), class III obesity - 1 (gr. 5). In each group, the estimated pregnancy rate (PR) and its outcomes, the frequency of lightweight newborns (body weight at birth <2500g), newborns with NBW (2500-3999g), births with a large fetus (≥4000g) were measured. The PR didn't differ: 34.6%, 34.5%, 30,7%, 41,7%, respectively, the woman in gr.5 got pregnant. Among 407 (74.4%) singleton pregnancies urgent delivery was registered in 71.91%, 67,57%, 70,83%, 60,0%, gr. 5 - no -information. Premature birth: 7,66%, 5,41%, 8,33%, 0%. Spontaneous abortion in the 1st trimester: 18,30%, 25,68%, 20,83%, 40,0%. Spontaneous abortion in the 2nd trimester: 2,13%, 1,35% in gr. 2, 3, 4. Lightweight newborns: 8,81%, 11,36%, 6,25%, 0%. Newborns with NBW: 84,91%, 84,09%, 75,0%, 60,0%. Large-childbirth - 6,29%, 4,55%, 18,75%, 40,0%. CONCLUSIONS: Correlation analysis of the dependence of PR and its outcomes on the BMI was not revealed (p=0.975 and p=0.469, respectively). Large fetus births were more often detected in obese patients (p=0.0016). A large prospective group is needed to expand the estimated body parameters to the IVF outcomes.

[Pathogenetic features of immunological disorders in women with thyroid peroxidase antibodies presence and their effect on infertility treatment by in vitro fertilization (IVF)].

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the most common thyroid disease among women of fertile age. An increase of thyropercosidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) occupies one of the leading positions among other autoantibodies in patients with idiopathic infertility. Stimulation of superovulation in assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs leads to thyroid overstimulation, relative hypothyroxinemia and an increase of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level in women with positive TPO-Ab carrier state, leading to a decrease in the reserve capacity of the thyroid affected by the autoimmune process. There is a large number of studies concerning the effect of autoimmune thyroid diseases on the infertility treatment outcomes in ART programs, but the results are contradictory. One of the hypotheses is that TPO-Ab affect the embryo implantation process in the uterus, based on an imbalance of cytokine production by T-helper type 1, 2, and 17, which are not easy to correct by classical hormone replacement therapy with levothyroxine. Nowadays, the immunological mechanisms of these disorders are not well investigated.

[Morphological manifestation of a unique DNA segment in human meiotic prophase I].

The commercial sample of human DNA fragment from the choromosome 17 was used as the probe for FISH to study of the mode of its attachment to the lateral elements of synaptonemal complex (SC) in human spermatocytes. It was a 160 kb probe from the band 17p1.2, containing RAI1 gene with D17S620 marker (the probe for deletion causing Smith-Magenis syndrome). The probe made lateral chromatin protrusions, contacting with SC stained with anty-SYCP3. Different morphological configuration of lateral chromatin protrusions where observed. They depended on substages of meiotic prophase I. At zygotene, FISH probe form two sticks, c. a. 6 micro long, which was perpendicular to SC longitudinal axe, one stick at each SC side. At early pachytene, each stick transforms into a globule, one globule at each SC side again. At late pachytene each globule transformed into two crumbly globules containing short threads and clumps. At diplotene, globules finally transformed into thin DNA (chromatin) loops up to 10 micro long from the base to top with periodical thickenings (beads) along their length. As the result of this dynamics of transformation, two chromatin loops with beads were found on each side of SC of the chromosome 17. These loops most probably were the loops of sister chromatides, the full set of chromatide loops at the particular SC (bivalent) site being four in number, i. e. representing of two pair of chromatides. This study is the first one in which lateral chromatin loops in human mail meiotic prophase I are visualized as true open loop instead of that usually postulated "loops" after observation of condensed road-like or brush-like chromatin protrusion attached to the lateral elements of synaptonemal complexes. Open configuration of the loops, presumably, depends on activation of transcription during late pachytene-early diplotene. They resemble lateral loops of mini lampbrush chromosomes.