[Effectiveness of non-starch polysaccharide crylan in experimental hyperlipidemia]. / Effektivnost' nekrakhmal'nogo polisakharida krilana pri éksperimental'noi giperlipidemii.

In vitro experiments were shown that native ecologically pure non-starch polysaccharide crylan bind the bile acid. Crylan was found to decrease hyperlipidemia induced in rats by means of diet enriched with cholesterol and 6-methylthiouracil. This effect of crylan was more pronounced as compare with the action of native nonspecific enterosorbent polyfepan.

[Mannan sulfates--inducers of plant resistance to viral infection]. / Mannansul'faty--induktory ustoichivosti rastenii k virusnoi infektsii.

Mannan sulphates (MS) synthesized on the basis of extracellular linear mannan (LM) of Rhodotorula rubra induce resistance of Immune-580 tobacco and thornapple (Datura stramonium) to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). The resistance is manifested in a decrease in the number and/or size of viral local lesions (LL) in MS-treated (mg/ml) leaf halves. The reduction in the LL size does not seem to be due to the direct inhibition of TMV multiplication by the polysaccharide as the virus accumulation in the tissues of the systemic host (Samsun tobacco) does not decrease when MS is used 15 min after infection. The induced resistance is partially inhibited by actinomycin D and completely by heating (32 degrees C). Unlike MS, neutral LM decreases only the number of LL on the treated parts of the tissue but does not influence their size. The antiviral activity of LM does not change in the presence of actinomycin D. The possible mechanisms of the LM and MS protective effect in plants are discussed.

[The structure of extracellular heteroglycans in various Cryptococcus species]. / Stroenie vnekletochnykh geteroglikanov nekotorykh vidov kriptokokkov.

Extracellular polysaccharides produced by some Cryptococcus species have been structurally investigated. These polymers have identical core structure, which was found to be alpha-1,3-mannan and different degrees of substitution of mannose in the core by xylose and glucuronic acid residues of side chains and different composition of side chains. Heteropolysaccharide from Cr. humicolus, the simplest one, has the same structure as the Cr. neoformans serotype D capsular polysaccharide. The Cr. skinneri polymer proved to be the most branched among Cryptococcus polysaccharides.

[Effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on exopolysaccharide synthesis by Cryptococcus laurentii]. / Vliianie istochnikov ugleroda i azota na sintez ékzopolisakharida Cryptococcus laurentii.

The effect of various carbon and nitrogen sources on the synthesis of the branched exopolysaccharide produced by Cryptococcus laurentii st 1803-K. was studied. The conditions favourable for a higher yield of the polymer were found. The carbon and nitrogen sources used do not affect the qualitative monosaccharide composition of the polysaccharide, however, the introduction of ammonium salts in the medium can cause a change in the monosaccharide ratio in the side chains of the polymer.