[Restless legs syndrome. Features and impact on sleep]. / Síndrome de piernas inquietas. Características e impacto sobre el sueño.

INTRODUCTION: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a chronic neurological disorder that has a negtive influence on sleep. We describe clinical spectrum, polysomnogram and impact on sleep of patients' series with RLS. METHODS: We studied 49 patients with RLS. We analyse socio- demographic information, clinical features, therapy and impact on sleep. We realized differents questionnaire: Index of Severity of Sleep, Epworth Scale, Index-RLS, Questionnaire Quality of Life-RLS and Questionnaire from limitation of laboral productivity. RESULTS: Mean age is 60.33+/-14.27 with similar distribution enter gender. They presented a positive family history in 36,73% with predominant in early onset of symptoms. Secondary causes more frequent associated were rheumatoid arthritis, iron-deficiency, uremia, pregnancy and polineuropathy. Significative prevalence of insomnia (73,43%) and periodic limb movement disorder (51,02%), obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (22,45%) and hipersomnia (22,45 %). Pharmacological treatment more used were dopaminergic drugs. We didn't find significant stadistic differences enter clinical feature and therapy, so tendency to better quality of life with dopaminergic drugs. CONCLUSIONS: It's an neurological disorder with important delay in diagnosis. Early detection is needed because important impact on sleep efficiency and quality of life, and improvement with therapy, solely dopaminergic drugs.

Síndrome de piernas inquietas. Características e impacto sobre el sueño / Restless legs síndrome. Features and impacto on sleep

Introducción. El síndrome de piernas inquietas (SPI) es un trastorno neurológico crónico que afecta de forma negativa al sueño. El objetivo principal es determinar las características clínicas, polisomnográficas, la eficacia de los tratamientos empleados y el impacto sobre el sueño de una serie de pacientes. Métodos. Estudiamos 49 pacientes con SPI. Se recoge información sociodemográfica, datos clínicos y polisomnográficos, tratamientos empleados y el impacto sobre el sueño. Se realizaron diferentes encuestas: índice de severidad de sueño (ISS), escala de Epworth, cuestionario de evaluación sobre el SPI (IRLS), cuestionario de calidad de vida del SPI (QoL-RLS) y cuestionario sobre la limitación de la productividad laboral (LPL). Resultados. La edad media es de 60,33±14,27 años, con distribución por sexos similar. Presentan una historia familiar positiva el 36,73 %, con predominio en el grupo de inicio precoz de los síntomas. Las causas secundarias más frecuentemente asociadas son la artritis reumatoide, ferropenia, uremia, embarazo y polineuropatía. Prevalencia significativa del insomnio (73,47%) y de los movimientos periódicos de extremidades (MMPE) (51,02%), y también síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño (22,45%) e hipersomnia (22,45%). El tratamiento farmacológico más empleado son los agonistas dopaminérgicos. No encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la evolución clínica y el tratamiento empleado, aunque una tendencia a mejor calidad de vida con agonistas dopaminérgicos. Conclusiones. Se trata de una enfermedad con un tiempo de demora en el diagnóstico nada desdeñable. Tiene gran importancia su detección precoz dado el impacto que produce sobre la eficiencia del sueño y la calidad de vida, y la eficacia que demuestran los tratamientos empleados, fundamentalmente los agonistas dopaminérgicos (AU)

Introduction: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a chronic neurological disorder that has a negtive influence on sleep. We describe clinical spectrum, polysomnogram and impact on sleep of patients' series with RLS. Methods: We studied 49 patients with RLS. We analyse socio- demographic information, clinical features, therapy and impact on sleep. We realized differents questionnaire: Index of Severity of Sleep, Epworth Scale, Index-RLS, Questionnaire Quality of Life-RLS and Questionnaire from limitation of laboral productivity. Results: Mean age is 60.33+/-14.27 with similar distribution enter gender. They presented a positive family history in 36,73% with predominant in early onset of symptoms. Secondary causes more frequent associated were rheumatoid arthritis, iron-deficiency, uremia, pregnancy and polineuropathy. Significative prevalence of insomnia (73,43%) and periodic limb movement disorder (51,02%), obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (22,45%) and hipersomnia (22,45 %). Pharmacological treatment more used were dopaminergic drugs. We didn't find significant stadistic differences enter clinical feature and therapy, so tendency to better quality of life with dopaminergic drugs. Conclusions: It's an neurological disorder with important delay in diagnosis. Early detection is needed because important impact on sleep efficiency and quality of life, and improvement with therapy, solely dopaminergic drugs (AU)