[The experience of 183 medical special forces of the Volga-Urals Military District in the elimination of the health effects of the emergency in the Republic of Indonesia].

The article is based on personal experience of the authors with assistance in the aftermath of the tsunami in the Republic of Indonesia, which killed about 120 thousand (December 26, 2004 at 255 km to the west coast of Sumatra). In the disaster area were sent to 183 medical detachments for special purposes of the Volga-Urals Military District, reinforced brigade of specialized medical care of military medical institutions under the central government and the Moscow Military District. As the authors noted, in the aftermath of a disaster like the tsunami, at first put forward preventive measures among displaced persons. The experience gained by the Medical Service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in the aftermath of natural disaster in the Republic of Indonesia, is used to plan future humanitarian operations abroad with the assistance of military medical specialists from Russia.

[Dynamics of the content of glycolysis enzymes in Streptomyces rimosus as it relates to the problem of regulation of oxytetracycline biosynthesis]. / Dinamika soderzhaniia fermentov glikoliza u Streptomyces rimosus v sviazi s problemoi reguliatsii biosinteza oksitetratsiklina.

The activities of the key glycolytic enzymes i.e. hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected and investigated in 3 strains of Streptomyces rimosus differing in the level of the oxytetracycline production. The samples were assayed at different fermentation stages and under different aeration conditions. Correlation between the level of the pyruvate kinase activity within the first days of the fermentation process and the strain capacity for the antibiotic accumulation at the final stage of the fermentation process was observed.

[Phosphate regulation of the processes of growth and biosynthesis of gentamicin in Micromonospora purpurea var. violaceae]. / Reguliatsiia fosfatom protsessov rosta i biosinteza gentamitsina u Micromonospora purpurea var. violaceae.

The influence of orthophosphate on isogenic strains of the gentamicin-producing organism with various levels of the antibiotic production was studied. An increase in the content of inorganic phosphate in the medium led to inhibition of the growth and gentamicin biosynthesis in all the strains: the low-active strains were more stable to the effect of the phosphate as compared to the highly active strains. Heterogeneity of the population of the strains was shown in respect of decreasing the growth rate and the level of the antibiotic biosynthesis inhibition in the presence of orthophosphate. Among the phosphate low-controllable forms there was a high number of low-active variants while among the clones with retarded growth and decreased production of the antibiotic there was a high number of productive variants. Inverse relationship between the antibiotic production level and the level of lability to the effect of inorganic phosphate was observed in the mutants of the gentamicin-producing organism.

[Pleiotropic effect of the mutation of streptomycin resistance in Micromonospora purpurea var. violacea]. / Pleiotropnyi éffekt mutatsii streptomitsino-rezistentnosti u Micromonospora purpurea var. violacea

Variation of different features of populations of streptomycin-sensitive and streptomycin-resistant forms of M. purpurea var. violacea, an organism producing gentamicin was studied. The population of the initial streptomycin-sensitive culture was characterized by high homogeneity with respect to the cultural, morphological and some physiological properties. The variation of the features, such as the colony size, pigment formation, auxotrophic mutations, antibiotic production significantly increased in populations grown on media with streptomycin. Mutants differing from the initial strain by a complex of cultural, morphological and physiological features and in particular the antibiotic production were isolated from populations of the streptomycin-resistant variants.

[Mutagenic action of N-nitrosodimethylurea on Actinomyces rimosus and Penicillium chrysogenum]. / Mutagennoe deistvie N-nitrozodimetilmocheviny na Actinomyces rimosus i Penicillium chrysogenum

High mutagenic activity of N-nitrozodimethylurea (NDMU), an agent of the group of the nitrozo compounds not studied in detail was shown with respect to prototrophic and auxotrophic strains of Actinomyces rimosus, an organism producing oxytetracycline and Penicillium chrysogenum, an organism producing penicillin. The rate of direct and back mutations in the auxotrophic strain of Act. rimosus under the effect of NDMU was many times higher than that of spontaneous mutations. NDMU was used at one of the selection stages at which a more active variant of Act. rimosus was obtained. This is evident of a possible use of the mutagen for induction of variation with respect to the quantitative feature of oxytetracycline production. A great number of morphologically changed forms and biochemical mutants of Pen. chrysogenum formed under the effect of this substance. NDMU induced a mutant of Pen. chrysogenum capable of selective synthesis of 6-aminopenicillinic acid without addition of the precursor.

[Expression of homologous genes in interspecies arctic fox x silver fox hybrids (Alopex lagopus X Vulpes vulpes). III. Mechanisms of expression of alleles of locus GPD, located on the X-chromosome]. / Ekspresiia gomologichnykh genov u mezhrodovykh pestsovo-lis'ikh gibridov (Alopex lagopus X Vulpes vulpes). Soobshchenie III. Izuchenie mekhanizmov vyrazheniia allelei lokusa GPD, lokalizovannogo v X-khromosome

The electrophoretic pattern of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) was studied in 60 intergeneric fox hybrids (Alopex lagopus X Vulpes vulpes), 33 females and 27 males. It is shown that the structural gene for G-6-PD, designated as Gpd, is located on the X-chromosome in both Arctic and silver foxes. Analysis of G-6-PD in the erythrocytes of hybrid females demonstrated that the phenotypic expression of parental alleles at the locus Gpd varied considerably: from 1:1 to the hemizygous manisfestation of an allele of either the Arctic or silver fox. It is suggested that the variable quantitative expression of the alleles at the locus Gpd in hybrid females is related to the presence of two cell populations having in an active state either the X-chromosome of the Artic or silver fox. It is also assumed that the size of two cell populations is significantly influenced by the different relations in the group of initiator (stem) cells, which possess different X-chromosomes in an active state, which has been established in early embryogenesis. In the case of erythrocytes, it is found that the number of initiator (stem) cells for erythrocytes comprises 5-6.