Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Metastatic to the Larynx and Trachea: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Malignant melanoma rarely develops in mucous membranes. Statistical data show that approximately 0.6-9.3% of patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma will develop metastases in the upper aerodigestive tract mucosa, and within these metastatic sites, the least common are the laryngeal and tracheobronchial ones. This exceedingly rare clinical entity has no clear treatment recommendations; radical surgery does not seem to benefit the patient in term of life expectancy. We present the case of a 56-year-old male patient diagnosed with laryngeal and tracheobronchial melanoma metastases. Prior to admission to our clinic the patient had a personal history of malignant melanoma of the nuchal region operated on 7 years ago, malignant melanoma of the gallbladder and metastatic left axillary polyadenopathy for which he underwent surgical treatment 3 months prior. Histopathological and immunohistochemical reports established the diagnosis of laryngeal metastasis of malignant melanoma. Genetic molecular analysis was positive for B-Raf (BRAF) gene and hence Vemurafenib was administered, with a favorable outcome at the one-year follow-up. Nevertheless, there are currently no clear universally accepted guidelines for the treatment of laryngeal melanoma, mainly due to the rarity of this clinical entity. We conducted a review of similar cases reported in the literature. Interestingly, reviewing the cases reported in the literature, it appears that laryngeal metastases of a primary cutaneous melanoma are more common in men, with an average time to metastasis of 4.3 years.

Kaposi's sarcoma of the larynx: case series.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) represents a type of cancer that usually arises on the skin and very rarely in other organs. KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) commonly arises in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Laryngeal involvement of KS is very rare. Our study comprised of three cases with laryngeal KS. All cases were solved through surgical excision of the tumor. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry examinations revealed laryngeal KS. Laryngeal KS should be managed through surgical resection, followed by oncological treatment.

Primary tonsillar tuberculosis - case report.

We report the case of a 44-year-old male patient with tonsillar tuberculosis (TB) diagnosed in the Department of Ear, Nose & Throat (ENT), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania. The patient addressed to our Clinic with intense odynophagia, referred otalgia, sore throat, fever periods and weight loss. During the ENT clinical exam, we identified an enlarged left tonsil, partially covered with yellowish-white plaque, with ulceration and bleeding spots localized on tonsillar inferior pole. A high suspicion of tonsillar malignancy was raised, and a biopsy was performed revealing extrapulmonary TB. Taking into consideration the normal chest X-ray, a primary tonsillar TB diagnosis was established. The patient was addressed to Department of Pneumophthisiology for anti-tuberculous therapy for six months. At the end of the treatment, the patient was symptoms-free.

Rare benign tumor of the larynx - laryngeal amyloidosis.

We report a case of rare benign tumor of the larynx - amyloidosis of larynx - in a 52-year-old female who presented to the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Timisoara Municipal Hospital, Romania, with dysphonia. The patient's first presentation was in June 2012, with a polypoid formation localized on left vocal cord. The patient underwent a suspended microlaryngoscopy (SM) with tumor removal followed by histopathological examination, which revealed a laryngeal amyloidosis. The tumor recurred in 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2018. The patient underwent tracheotomy, followed by SM with endoscopic CO2 laser procedures, in order to remove the tumor and to ensure the airway. The follow-up was for six years. In May 2018, amyloid was located in subglottis, glottis and left false vocal fold. The patient needed five revision surgical procedures. The patient did not developed systemic amyloidosis during the follow-up period.