[Arrhythmias and heart blocks in flying personnel with mitral valve prolapses]. / Aritmii i blokady serdtsa pri prolapse mitral'nogo klapana u letnogo sostava.

Investigated were 76 pilots with ECG-verified mitral valve prolapses (MVP) of the 1st and 2nd degree (w/o profound regurgitation). There were various heart blocks and ECG repolarization changes in 35 cases. Comparison of results of the cardiovascular functional investigations of flyers with MVP displayed non-specific cardiac rhythm and conductance disturbances that were registered more often during ECG-monitoring or test loading. According to the data of this study, bicycle and treadmill ergometry revealed "pseudoischemic" shifts in ECG. Literary indications of a significant loss in human endurance of physical loads due to MVP combined with the strain-induced arrhythmia received the experimental confirmation. Probably, arrhythmias in flyers with diagnosed MVP are predominantly associated with electric instability of the myocardium against the autonomous dysfunction with prevailing adrenergic effects.

[Effect of the hypercapnic-hypoxic test on cardiovascular parameters in individuals with neurocirculatory dystonia]. / Vliianie giperkapnichesko-gipoksicheskoi proby na kardiorespiratornye pokazateli u lits s neirotsirkuliatornoi distoniei.

Twenty healthy men and twelve patients with hypertensive type neurocirculatory dystonia belonging to the flying personnel were examined. They breathed a hypercapnic-hypoxia mixture formed during rebreathing in a closed circuit without a CO2 adsorber. In both groups this provocative test produced similar variations of most parameters under study. However in contrast to the healthy men, the hypertensive subjects showed a lower compensatory hyperventilation, a greater increase of blood pressure and cardiac output and a relatively small decrease of total peripheral resistance. Three test subjects displayed sinus arrhythmia. The time of test tolerance in the patients was on the average 20% shorter than in the healthy subjects. The changes can be viewed as an indication that the reserve capability of the cardiorespiratory system declines. The fact that the test is rapid, simple and safe makes it possible to use it during regular medical monitoring of the flying personnel with functional disorders of the cardiovascular system.

[Use of central electroanalgesia to restore the body's functional state in motion sickness]. / Ispol'zovanie tsentral'noi élektroanalgezii v tseliakh vosstanovleniia funktsional'nogo sostoianiia organizma pri ukachivanii.

Central electroanalgesia (CEAN) is a technique that involves application of pulsating current to the central nervous system in order to enhance its tonicity recover autonomic equilibrium and to reduce parasympathetic cardiovascular reactions. In two experimental runs in which 9 volunteers participated the efficacy of CEAN in preventing motion sickness symptoms produced by Markaryan's test was studied. After two rotations repeated with a one-hour interval vestibular reactions persisted for 7-10 hours. CEAN had a positive effect: after a one-hour CEAN session applied between two rotations the tolerance time of the second rotation increased on an average by 76%. An additional exposure to CEAN after rotation eliminated almost completely the adverse effects of rotation and made effective the postrotation work. Due to CEAN parasympathetic reactions of the cardiovascular system typical of the postrotation recovery period were indistinct. These data suggest that CEAN is an effective method to be used to help a rapid recovery of the functional state of the human body during motion sickness.

[Effect of physical activity on the status of lipid metabolism in pilots]. / Vliianie urovnia fizicheskoi aktivnosti na sostoianie lipidnogo obmena u lits letnogo sostava.

Lipid metabolism of healthy pilots was investigated and verified by the PWC170 test. Pilots with a lower physical activity showed high levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, total lipids, LDL and low levels of HDL as averaged per group. The PWC170 value and the concentration of lipid fractions in blood were found to be highly correlated, the correlation being nonlinear. The nonlinear regression data suggest that greater physical activity leads to a decrease of the lipid concentration and an increase of the content of high density lipid-protein complexes.

[Importance of the "knocking" symptom in detecting peptic ulcer in flight personnel]. / O znachenii simptoma "pokolachivaniia" v vyiavlenii iazvennoi bolezni u letnogo sostava.

In order to diagnose peptic ulcer, the "percussion" symptom in the right hypochondrium at the inhalation level was used in the flying personnel, aged 19-45. Peptic ulcer, specifically duodenal ulcer in the acute stage was diagnosed in 75 persons and in the remission stage-in 69 persons. The control group consisted of 29 healthy subjects. The diagnostic importance of this symptom was shown. It was found in 29.3, 14.5 and 3.4% of cases, respectively. In 8 subjects who concealed complaints or showed an atypical development of the disease there was a sharp response to "percussion" that suggested peptic ulcer which was confirmed by X-ray studies.