[Epigenetic markers of esophageal cancer: DNA methylation]. / Épigeneticheskie markery malignizatsii tkanei pishchevoda: metilirovanie DNK.

Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the most common types of esophageal cancer with a constant tendency to increase the incidence of growth on the background of the high mortality, which makes particularly the development of new biomarkers that complement and improve the early diagnosis of this disease. Despite the impressive number of studies in routine clinical practice is used only marker of esophageal cancer - ERBB2/HER2 status. This review summarizes data on the identified epigenetic markers of the aberrant methylation of the genome, which may be useful for early detection of esophageal cancer, prognosis estimation and / or prediction of response to treatment. The development of new high-tech genome-wide screening, such as beadarray and immunoprecipitation sequencing method used for the wideband genotyping, but for the analysis of transcriptome and metilom, provides a comprehensive picture of genetic and epigenetic changes during tumorigenesis. Note the need to verify the most biomarkers on large representative samples for the development of valid diagnostic panels, suitable for large-scale screening of risk groups.

[The role of assessing UGT1A1 gene polymorphism in the prediction of irinotecan-induced toxicity in the course of chemotherapy for colorectal cancer].

There was performed a molecular genetic study of UGTlAl gene allelic variants polymorphism in patients with colorectal cancer who had had chemotherapy irinotecan-containing regimens FOLFIRI. Comparison of toxicity and the results of polymorphism of UGTlAl showed that dose-limiting hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities in patients with moderate and high risk of toxicity were higher (p = 0.050- 0.061) and the frequency of thrombocytopenia (p = 0.0257) and hyperbilirubinemia (p = 0.0439) were significantly higher compared to the low-risk group. Molecular genetic study of a complex examination of patients, which was planned to irinotecan should be performed to select the optimal dose and reduce the risk of toxicity of chemotherapy.