Accumulation of amino acids and glucose in isolated epitheliocytes from the small intestine of chickens depending on both breed and sex.

In an experiment with chickens breed differences were established in accumulation of 14C-lysine, methionine and glycine, as well as intra-line differences in glycine accumulation in intestinal epitheliocytes from Plymouth Rock chickens. Differences were found in both methionine and glycine accumulation, between B line and four-line hybrids as well. Methionine accumulation in epitheliocytes from the small intestine of male chickens was higher than in female chickens from A line, higher than accumulation of tryptophane in both A and C lines and accumulation of glucose in D line. In male chickens of four-line hybrid, glycine accumulation was higher than in females.

[SH group content and hydrolase activity of the small intestine mucosa in chickens fed a mixture containing aflatoxin B1]. / Sudurzhanie na SH-grupi i aktivnost na niakoi khidrolazi v mukozata na tunkoto chervo u pileta, khraneni sus smeska, sudurzhashta aflatoksin B1.

The effect of aflatoxin B1 on the content of SH-groups and the activity of leucinamino peptidase, Mg (Na+, K+), ATP, and glucoamylase in the mucous membrane of the small intestine of birds was studied. The experiment was carried out with three groups of male broilers. The controls were given starter and finisher mixtures with 21.6 and 19.5 per cent protein, with no aflatoxin B1. The birds of the test groups (II and III) were offered one and the same mixture containing 0.250 and 0.600 ppm of aflatoxin B1. By the end of the finisher period on the 49th day mucosa homogenate was used to determine the content of SH-groups and the activity of leucinamino peptidase, Mg (Na+, K+), ATP, and glucoamylase. It was found that rates of 0.600 ppm in the feed suppressed the activity of Mg (Na+, K+) ATP in the mucosa of the small intestine. Lower amounts (0.250 ppm) produced no effect on the activity of this enzyme. Leucinamino peptidase, glucoamylase, and the SH-groups did not change essentially their activity at the two rates of the toxin.

[Activity of various phosphatases, leucine aminopeptidase and resorption of L-35S-methionine in the jejunum of birds maintained on diets with different levels of magnesium]. / Aktivnost na niakoi fosfatazi, leitsinaminopeptidazata i rezorbtsiiata na L-35S-metionin v ieiunuma na pileta, khraneni s dazhbi s razlichni niva na magnezii.

An experiment was carried out with male broiler chicks from hatching up to the age of 56 days, the composition of the ration used being tabulated. The birds were divided into 4 groups: I--controls that were not given Mg; the basic ration for the birds of the second, third, and fourth group was supplied with 100, 300, and 500 mg Mg per kg of feed, respectively, regardless of the fact that it itself a priori contained Mg at the rate of 1100 mg/kg feed. The activity of p-nitrophenylphosphatase, Mg (Na + K), ATP-ase, 5'nucleotidase, and ;eleucine aminopeptidase as well as the resorption--od L35S-methionine were determined. It was found that the addition of 100 mg/kg Mg to the ration containing 1100 mg/kg Mg led to the considerable increase (P less than 0.01) in the activity of p-nitrophenylphosphatase, Mg, (Na + K), ATP-ase, and 5'nucleotidase in the intestinal mucosa. With the higher rates of magnesium with the addition of 300 and 500 mg/kg to the basic ration the activity of the enzymes cited dropped almost to the level which they had in the control group. The activity of leucine aminopeptidase did not show essential changes at the various levels of magnesium. Neither was the level of magnesium itself of any substantial importance for the resorption of methionine in the small intestine of birds.