RESUMO
A number of single-domain antibodies (nanobodies) obtained previously to major marker blood proteins were tested as tools to preprocess urine samples from patients with bladder cancer. Nanobody-based tools demonstrated unique possibilities for noninvasive diagnostic studies along with other conventional methods, such as electrophoresis and, in prospect, mass spectrometric analysis. A testing of 22 samples from bladder cancer patients showed that the development of bladder cancer is accompanied by an increase in the urine contents of major blood proteins, including those known as potential bladder cancer biomarkers. New nanobody-based immunosorbents allow both specific enrichment and specific removal of particular antigenic proteins and subproteomes associated with them from a biological fluid. The isolation of immune complexes from the urine of a particular patient is of particular interest. An initial study of the complexes showed not only increased contents of IgA and IgG at advanced stages of the disease, but also many other components, which provide potential biomarkers of the pathological process in a particular patient. It is intended to use the approaches proposed in this work in a future larger-scale study of urine samples from patients with bladder cancer at different stages of the disease in order to identify new promising biomarkers of bladder cancer.
Assuntos
Anticorpos de Domínio Único , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Proteínas Sanguíneas , Humanos , Proteoma/análise , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/urinaRESUMO
Despite promising vista of the use of microRNA in molecular diagnosis of bladder cancer, there are few data on their expression profiles, which impedes assessment of diagnostic value of these marker molecules. In this study, suppression subtractive hybridization, on-chip hybridization, and high-throughput deep sequencing focused on profiling microRNA and assessing the diagnostic value of revealed marker molecules.
Assuntos
MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Expressão Gênica , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular , Análise de Sequência de RNA , Bexiga Urinária/metabolismoRESUMO
Telomer repeats represented by hexamer (TTAGGG)n at chromosome termini are required for correct function and chromosome stability. At the same time, interstitial telomer sequence (ITS) located far from the chromosome ends are known for several mammalian genomes, including the human genome. It is assumed that these repeats mark the points of fusion or other chromosome reconstructions of ancestors. Exact localization of all interstitial telomer sequences in the genome could greatly improve our understanding of the mechanism of karyotype evolution and species origin. We have developed a software for a search of interstitial telomer sequences in complete sequences of mammalian genomes. We have demonstrated the evolutionary significance of repeats by an example of human chromosome 2. The results and supplementary materials are available at the site of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics: http://www.bionet.nsc.ru/labs/theorylabmain/orlov/telomere/.
