[Mental disorders after amputation of the extremities]. / Psikhicheskie narusheniia pri amputatsiiakh konechnostei.

Analysis of the dynamics of the disorders has shown that in the acute period following trauma, the patients' status was "abnormal personality in nature, being determined by affective and shock reaction in the hyperkinetic and hypokinetic forms. The subacute period was characterized by the predominance of posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), whereas the long-term posttraumatic period by personality disorders pertaining to the asthenic (type I) and asthenic (type II) sphere. The clinical characteristics of type I patients was determined by a range of asthenic, psychasthenic, autistic, sensitive, subdepressive, and hystero-conversion disorders, whereas from the clinicopsychological standpoint, by a high level of somatization, anxiety, depressive disorders, with the aggressiveness level corresponding with normal. It has been established that social rehabilitation of such patients requires measures aimed at an increase of the activity and improvement of communicative functions. Hypoparanoic, excitable and ++hystero-histrionic disorders were common to type II cases. Clinical and psychological examinations have revealed a high level of aggressiveness and anxiety, depressive disorders; somatization was found to be within normal. Social rehabilitation of such patients is to be reduced to a great measure to the correction of deformed personality lines.

[Psychopathology of the schizophrenic defect (creation of an integrated model of negative changes)]. / Psikhopatologiia shizofrenicheskogo defekta (k postroeniiu integrativnoi modeli negativnykh izmenenii).

An integrative model of schizophrenic defect is offered. The model presumes the negative changes to extend over all the levels of psychic activity, though in uneven manner, rather than be confined to a distinct sphere. In 200 schizophrenic patients the defect had a complicated structure integrating the negative changes of schizoid and pseudoorganic types. Extreme variants of integration of schizoid and pseudoorganic changes can be regarded as two distinct defect types with prevailing personality deformations (combination of verschroben-type changes with personality level decreasing) and the fall in psychic activiity (combination of pseudobradyphrenia with schizoid deficit-type changes).

[Psychotropic drug therapy using maintenance dosage pumps]. / Terapiia psikhotropnymi sredstvami pri pomoshchi fonovykh dozatorov.

The article deals with questions related to the use of paracorporal automatic drug-administering devices designed for the prolonged administration of psychotropic drugs. This is the first ever experience with the use of artificial systems for drug administration in psychiatry. The authors have developed a scheme of drug administration and determined the optimal rate of injection and daily doses. Possible complications and side effects associated with this method of treatment, as well as the methods for their prevention and control are described in detail. According to preliminary data the administration of psychotropic drugs with the help of automatic devices may contribute significantly to the improvement of social adaptation of patients with minor mental disturbances and make easier the provision of psychotherapy, in particular it may considerably simplify functional training of patients with phobic abnormalities. The method appears to be especially promising with regard to maintenance therapy.

[The verschroben-type defect in torpid schizophrenia]. / O defekte tipa fershroben pri ialotekushchei shizofreniei.

The authors have studied 30 patients with torpid schizophrenia associated with unfavourable changes of the 'verschroben' type. Only those cases are considered in which manifestations of this defect almost completely determined the clinical picture of the disease. A detailed psychopathological analysis has demonstrated that in patients presenting unfavourable changes of the 'verschroben' type all features characteristic of a mild typical schizophrenic defect or a defect of schizoid structure (autism, emotional changes, bizarre behaviour, paradoxic features in thinking and behaviour, motor peculiarities, disturbances in the sphere of instincts and inclinations) become most expressed. It has also been established that a 'verschroben' type defect forms at later stages of the disease taking a form of evolutional schizophrenia.

[Intensive psychopharmacologic therapy of slowly-progressive schizophrenia]. / Intensivnaia psikhofarmakologicheskaia terapiia maloprogredientnoi shizofrenii.

The authors analyze the results of psychopharmacotherapy of 120 patients with slowly progressive schizophrenia characterized by a high resistance to the treatment. Two new methods of the intensive therapy of such conditions (discrete and daily intravenous drip of tranquilizers in conjunction with low doses of neuroleptics) are described. The pharmacological and pharmacokinetic substantiation of each of the two techniques is presented. Clinical indications for their use have been elaborated.

[Pseudo-organic defect in non-manifest schizophrenia]. / O psevdoorganicheskom defekte pri nemanifestnoi shizofrenii.

On the basis of the material about 42 patients with non-manifest schizophrenia (slowly progressive in 32 cases and simple in 10 cases) the author presents a clinical and psychopathological description of mild pseudoorganic defect. It has been shown that the structure of the defect includes pseudoorganic disorders in the form of a reduction in the level of personality as well as Verschroben-like changes characteristic of schizophrenia. It has been elucidated that this variant of the defect is closely associated with the onset of the disease in childhood and a mixed nature of the dysontogenisis, including the signs of both dissociation and the retardation of mental development. This is confirmed by electroencephalographic findings suggesting a delayed maturation of the cortical electrical activity of the brain.