[Basal-luminal epithelial cell differentiation in prostate cancer is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and epithelium migration in the mesenchyme].

AIM: In patients with prostate cancer to trace the pathway of the malignant cells of the basal layer of the prostate epithelium during their differentiation into luminal cells and/or migration in the mesenchyme. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used histological and immunohistochemical staining of the markers of the basal layer of the prostate: cytokeratin 5 (CK5), E-cadherin and AMACR, and Western blot to assess the production of the same markers in epithelial and stromal compartments of malignant and normal prostate tissue in patients with prostate cancer. RESULTS: Our findings revealed that prostate cancer is associated with losing of the basal epithelial layer in the prostate tumor tissue, which is accompanied by a complete loss of CK5 secretion, increased levels of E-cadherin and AMACR in luminal epithelium and the emergence of cells producing E-cadherin and AMACR in the stromal compartment of the prostate. DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that in prostate cancer the transformation the basal layer of the epithelial cells is associated with their differentiation into luminal cells and migration into the surrounding mesenchyme due to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. CONCLUSION: Prostate cancer pathogenesis of associated with changes in epithelial cell pathways and the levels of the markers expression. Their assessment can be used for studying the disease mechanisms and seeking new diagnosis and treatment options.

[Short-term results of radical cystectomy]. / Blizhaishie rezul'taty radikal'nykh tsistéktomii.

The paper presents the results of 114 radical cystectomies made in 1996-2002. The age of 114 patients (103 males, 11 females) ranged from 37 to 78 years (mean age 57.5 years). Transient cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 81.5% patients. Supravesical urine derivation was conducted by means of ureterocutaneostomy and transureteroureteronephrostomy in 9 (7.9%) patients, ureterosygmoanastomosis--in 43 (37.7%) patients, artificial orthotopic urinary bladder was created in 7 (6.1%) patients of a gastric segment and in 55 (48.2%) patients of the ileum. Postoperative complications were observed in 28 (24.6%) patients, intestinal obstruction being a prevailing complication. Five patients died: 2 of pulmonary artery thromboembolism, 1 of acute cardiac failure, 1 of sepsis and 1 of gastric bleeding. Continent methods of urine derivation were preferred, such as ureterosygmoanastomosis by Mainz-Pouch II and creation of orthotopic urinary bladder of the stomach or of the ileum.