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Am J Infect Control ; 27(3): 247-53, 1999 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10358227

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Acinetobacter baumannii has become an increasingly important nosocomial pathogen, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this investigation was to study the molecular epidemiology of A baumanii in a university hospital in Italy. METHODS: All A baumanii isolates were collected and typed with phenotypic and genotypic methods during a 7-month period. A 1-year prospective surveillance of ICU-acquired infections was performed by using the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance methodology. RESULTS: A baumanni accounted for 28.4% of all infections and 46.7% of all pneumonia acquired in the ICU, with a nosocomial infection rate of 12.4% or 8 infections per 1000 patient-days. Risk factors for A baumannii acquisition in the ICU were mechanical ventilation and previous use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, whereas administration of carbapenems showed a significant protective effect. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of genomic Apa I digests identified at least 5 outbreaks in the ICU caused by 5 different clones, one replacing the other in a well-defined temporal order. CONCLUSIONS: Whereas the sequential temporal cluster of epidemic clones in the ICU is intriguing and requires further research, the clear evidence of cross-contamination of A baumannii isolates involved with infections in the ICU demands extensive preventive efforts.


Assuntos
Infecções por Acinetobacter/microbiologia , Acinetobacter/genética , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Acinetobacter/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Acinetobacter/classificação , Infecções por Acinetobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Acinetobacter/mortalidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Feminino , Genótipo , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Incidência , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Itália/epidemiologia , Tempo de Internação , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Epidemiologia Molecular , Fenótipo , Fatores de Risco
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