[Results of surgical treatment of pterygium]. / Výsledky chirurgické lécby pterygií.

Comparative evaluation of different surgical approach for the treatment of pterygium with the respect on recurrence, time interval to the recurrence and postoperative complications is done. Only 6% of recurrence were found using buccal mucosal flap as the first surgery, but when the same approach is used for recurrence number of retreatment is similar to the other technique-transpositional slide flap. 5-Fluorouracil as additional therapy decreased the number of recurrence without increasing of complications.

[Results of therapy using Ciloxan-Alcon in clinical practice]. / Výsledky lécby preparátem CILOXAN-Alcon v klinické praxi.

The results of the treatment of inflammatory affections of the conjunctiva and cornea using ciprofloxacin are presented. Collection consists of 20 patients with bacterial conjunctivitis and 20 patients with corneal ulceration, all of them were previously treated by another type of antibiotherapy. The therapeutic effect was very good, we did not succeeded in the treatment of 10% of conjunctivitis, mainly chronic. Ciprofloxacin was found very efficient antibacterial medication, giving good results even in difficult cases.

[ProVisc--a new viscoelastic material for surgery of the anterior segment. A multicenter clinical study]. / ProVisc--nový viskoelastický materiál pro chirurgii predního segmentu. Multicentrální klinická studie.

Within the framework of a multicentric clinical study which was implemented at nine selected departments a new viscoelastic material ProVisc of Alcon company was tested during extracapsular extraction of cataract with implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses. A total of 100 eyes of 100 patients were operated and all pre- and postoperative data were recorded in uniform protocols. The selection of suitable patients and the type of surgical procedure was within the responsibility of the surgeon. The type and frequency of surgical and postoperative complications was similar as when other viscoelastic material ProVisc can be recommended as safe and effective in modern surgery of cataract.

[Cryotherapy in treatment of neovascular glaucoma with closed chamber angle]. / Kryotherapie zur Behandlung der neovaskularen Glaukome mit verschlossenem Kammerwinkel.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical results of two cryosurgical methods in the treatment of neovascular glaucomas. PATIENT AND METHODS: In 43 eyes with acute neovascular glaucomas, cryosurgery was carried out. In 12 eyes, cyclocryocoagulation was performed as a single operation, whereas in 31 eyes transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation was combined with cyclocryocoagulation in one surgical session. The authors assess the effect of these two cryosurgical methods on the intraocular pressure, pain of the eye, visual acuity and neovascularization of the iris. RESULTS: The results of cyclocryocoagulation versus transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation in combination with cyclocryocoagulation were the achievement of an intraocular pressure up to 26 mmHg within 6 weeks after the operation: 5 (42%) v. 25 (81%), failure in reduction of the intraocular pressure: 4 (33%) v. 2 (6%), achievement of an only transient effect of reduction of the intraocular pressure: 3 (38%) (n = 8) v. 3 (14%) (n = 22). Regression of pain within 5 days postoperatively: 55% v. 100%. In five of six eyes, treated by application of the combined operation, the maintained visual acuity was 6/24-2/60 for a period of 6 months up to 1 year postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The method of transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation in combination with cyclocryocoagulation shows better results than the performance of cyclocryocoagulation only.

[Arteriolar constriction in the treatment of branch retinal vein occlusion. Initial experience]. / Arteriolární konstrikce v lécbe okluze vetve sítnicové vény. Nase první zkusenosti.

The authors describe their first experiences in the treatment of 12 eyes with prognostically unfavourable occlusion of the retinal branch of the vein by application of the laser technique of arteriolar constriction. They introduced photocoagulation 1 to 4 weeks after the onset of the occlusion. The resulting visual acuity 6/12 and better was achieved in 83%, the worst resulting acuity 6/18 in 17% two years after onset of the occlusion. In all the eyes, the achieved improvement was approximately by 4 lines of Snellens optotypes.

[5 years' experience in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma using cryocoagulation. II. Treatment of pain and the development of visual acuity]. / Nase petileté zkusenosti v lécbe neovaskulárního glaukomu kryokoagulací. II. Lécba bolesti a vývoj zrakové ostrosti.

The authors evaluate the therapeutic results of pain of the eyes and the development of visual acuity of 38 eyes with neovascular glaucoma treated by cryocoagulation. In 12 eyes they used cyclo-cryocoagulation as an independent method and in 26 eyes the method of transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation combined with cyclo-cryocoagulation. The authors did not find a correlation between the degree of increased intraocular pressure and the painfulness of the eye. In the treatment of pain they achieved markedly better results when using transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation than cyclo-cryocoagulation alone. The better therapeutic results of treatment of pain by combined cryosurgery is associated with a better compensation of intraocular pressure. In the authors' view a significant in the treatment of pain is also played by the newly described so-called analgetic effect of panretinal cryocoagulation which develops probably as a result of damage of sensitive nerves of the bulbus during freezing of the sclera and the choroid. The development of the so-called analgetic effect is probably associated with two facts: relief from severe pain was perceived also by patients where during the early postoperative period a high intraocular pressure still persisted and also in patients where a high intraocular pressure rose again. This condition was, however, as a rule not associated with the onset of new pain. The use of transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation combined with cyclo-cryocoagulation achieved regression of pain within 5 days after operation in 100%. The author provide evidence that the visual acuity in neovascular glaucoma recedes very rapidly and irreversibly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[5 years' experience in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma using cryocoagulation. I. Development of intraocular pressure]. / Nase petileté zkusenosti v lécbe neovaskulárního glaukomu kryokoagulací. I. Vývoj nitroocního tlaky.

The authors evaluate the results of reduction of intraocular pressure in 38 eyes with neovascular glaucoma after a cryosurgical operation. In 12 eyes they used cyclocryocoagulation as an independent method, in 26 eyes transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation combined with cyclocryocoagulation in one session. The achieved results indicate, that intraocular pressure in neovascular glaucoma can be influenced more readily by a combined cryosurgical operation than by cyclocryocoagulation alone. When using transscleral panretinal cryocoagulation in combination with cyclocryocoagulation, they achieved after operation an intraocular pressure under 26 mm Hg within 3 days after operation in 50%, within 10 days in 76.9%. They observed a subsequent rise of the intraocular pressure in 15%. Hypotension developed in 30.8%. A quite high percentage of eyes with extreme hypotension and subsequent atrophy of the bulbus with amourosis (27%) is according to the authors due to too extensive cyclocryocoagulation.

[Retinal vein occlusion. III. Initial experience with therapy of retinal vein occlusion with an argon laser]. / Okluze sítnicové vény. III. Nase první zkusenosti v lécbe okluze vetve sítnicové vény argonovým laserem.

The authors report the results of laser treatment in 11 patients with chronic oedema of the macula and 6 patients with neovascularizations of the retina and disk of the optic nerve in occlusion of a branch of the retinal vein. In the treatment of chronic oedema of the macula they used their own modification of quadrant barrage suggested by L'Esperance and grid photocoagulation. After a mean follow up period of 3.2 years they achieved a resulting vision of 6/12 or better in 9 of 11 patients, i.e. in 82%, the poorest results were 6/18 in two patients of 11, i.e. in 18%. In the treatment of neovascularizations they used the method of sector photocoagulation. In all six patients, i.e. in 100% they observed regression of neovascularizations. During 2.5-3 years after photocoagulation they did not observe a relapse of neovascularization or haemorrhage into the vitreous body. The results of photocoagulation treatment in chronic oedema of the macula and treatment of neovascularization are of a long-term character.

[Clinical trial of Pilogel HS made by Alcon]. / Klinické zkousení prípravku Pilogel HS firmy Alcon.

The authors give an account on the results of clinical tests of the anti-glaucomatous preparation PILOGEL HS of ALCON Co. The drug replaced in all groups of patients reliably 1-3% Pilocarpine administered three times a day, as regards its effect on intraocular tension. Its great practical advantage is that the effect is achieved after a single administration per 24 hours (at night). In particular patients in their productive age appreciate this advantage. The preparation was included in the import plan.

Present views of the pathogenesis and treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy.

The central serous chorioretinopathy is a disease which has been known since 1866. Even the papers published in recent time did not report anything unequivocal concerning its etiology which remains obscure. A year ago, Spitznas submitted a new interesting working hypothesis to explain the pathogenesis of this disease. At present, in the treatment of CSCH, the method of choice is the direct laser photocoagulation. The best results are so far obtained with the treatment using the red crypton laser beam. This is due to its biological effects on the tissues of the eye. The effects of the selected green beam of the argon laser are similar to those of the red crypton light. In accordance with our experiences, its application is useful for direct photocoagulation of CSCH. It does not lead to the development of a positive central scotoma and that not even in close proximity of the foveola up to the distance of 200 microns from the avascular zone. This is given by its biological effects and the small extent of the coagulated area of the retina. When the leakage is nearer than 200 microns from the margin of the avascular zone of the foveola, it is suitable to treat CSCH conservatively. The risk of a permanent iatrogenic damage of the central visual acuity or the development of subretinal neovascular membranes is minimal on direct photocoagulation of CSCH with green light of the argon laser under simultaneous fluoroscopy, and utilization of suitable parameters of the treatment. The clinician must, however, take this risk into consideration when contemplating the advantage which is gained, namely the shortening of the duration of the disease.

A complex choristoma of the conjunctiva.

The choristoma belongs to marginal problems in ophthalmology, nevertheless it is not negligible, and in the differential diagnosis of the tumors of the conjunctiva and the cornea we must take it into consideration especially in connection with the potential possibility of its malignant progression. The finding of a choristoma may signal a simultaneous occurrence of other lesions of an analogous origin in other localities than that of the bulbus or the orbit, which should lead the ophthalmologist to a complex examination of the patient and an interdisciplinary cooperation with the neurologist, oto-rhino-laryngologist, dermatologist, and others.

[Comparison of the status of binocular function in corrected mononuclear aphakia and pseudophakia]. / Srovnání stavu binokulárních funkcí u mononukleárních afakií korigovaných a artefakií.

The authors investigated in a group of 31 adults with unilateral aphakia the state of binocular functions and evaluated the differences between a group of patients corrected with contact lenses and a group with pseudophakia. The investigation revealed surprising (excellent) results as regards the restoration of satisfactory binocular vision in particular in pseudophakias (85%), somewhat poorer results with contact lenses (72%) which is favourable for the return of patients into practical life.

Treatment of branch retinal vein occlusion with argon laser photocoagulation.

Although temporal branch retinal vein occlusion has, on the whole, a good prognosis, in about 40% of the patients the outcoming vision is markedly changed. The authors used argon laser to treat 15 patients suffering from temporal branch retinal vein occlusion. They analyze their experiences and the results of the treatment of chronic macular edema and neovascularizations with argon laser photocoagulation. In 5 of 7 patients with chronic macular edema, they achieved resorption of the edema within 2 months after photocoagulation. They elaborated their own modification of the laser barrage according to L'Esperance. In more than half the patients, treated for chronic macular edema, the achieved visual acuity was 6/6-6/9, the worst vision was 6/18. In none of the patients a decrease in visual acuity occurred. In the management of neovascularizations of the retina and the disc of the optic nerve, argon laser photocoagulation resulted in involution of the neovascularizations in all 3 patients, vitreous hemorrhage did not occur in any of the eyes. Although the group of the treated patients is only small, the authors consider the treatment of the temporal branch retinal vein occlusion with argon laser photocoagulation to be beneficial.

[Penetrating keratoplasty in keratoglobus]. / Perforierende Keratoplastik beim Keratoglobus.

The author reports on a patient with advancing keratoglobus in whom penetrating keratoplasty was carried out successfully. Three and a half years postoperatively his visual acuity is very good.