Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index and Hyaluronan Binding Ability in Men from Infertile Couples and Men with Testicular Germ Cell Tumor.

Objective. To investigate sperm DNA fragmentation and sperm functional maturity in men from infertile couples (IC) and men with testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT). Materials and Methods. Semen samples were collected from 312 IC men and 23 men with TGCT before unilateral orchiectomy and oncological treatment. The sperm chromatin dispersion test was performed to determine DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and the ability of sperm to bind with hyaluronan (HA) was assessed. Results. In comparison with the IC men, the men with TGCT had a higher percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA (median 28% versus 21%; p < 0.01) and a lower percentage of HA-bound sperm (24% versus 66%; p < 0.001). Normal results of both analyses were observed in 24% of IC men and 4% of men with TGCT. Negative Spearman's correlations were found between DFI and the percentage of HA-bound sperm in the whole group and in IC subjects and those with TGCT analyzed separately. Conclusions. Approximately 76% of IC men and 96% with TGCT awaiting orchiectomy demonstrated DNA fragmentation and/or sperm immaturity. We therefore recommend sperm banking after unilateral orchiectomy, but before irradiation and chemotherapy; the use of such a deposit appears to be a better strategy to obtain functionally efficient sperms.

Semen quality in men from subfertile couples from the region of Lódz (Poland) according to the new reference values recommended by WHO 2010.

The semen analysis is the main diagnostic tool for evaluating the male fertility potential. The standard semen analysis includes evaluation of the sperm concentration, motility, and their morphology. The most important question is whether the results from semen analysis may be accurate markers for male fertility. Therefore, we retrospectively studied sperm quality among men attending the infertility clinic due to reproductive problems consistent with the WHO manual from 1999, which were reassessed according to the manual from 2010. Semen results from 571 males from couples undergoing fertility investigation were analyzed. All subjects included in the study had no abnormalities during examination. In 64 samples (11.2%), a leukocyte count above 1 x 10(6)/ml was found and their semen volume (median 3.2 ml) was significantly lower in comparison with the group without leukocytes (3.6 ml; p <0.001). Normal semen parameters were found in 290 subjects (50.8%) according to the 1999 manual and in 362 men (63.4%) according to the 2010 manual. The normozoospermia group, according to the 2010 manual, had a significantly lower percentage of sperm with progressive motility, motile sperm concentration, and total number of motile sperm in comparison with the normozoospermia group according to the manual from 1999. It seems that routine semen analysis is not sufficient to estimate male fertility potential and some men with normal semen parameters may be subfertile. Further investigations are needed.