Huge infra renal abdominal aortic aneurysm presented with concomitant divirticular abscess: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: It is a controversial and difficult problem for a surgeon to manage the simultaneously occurring diseases divirticular abscess and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Mostly surgeons are not willing to execute a non vascular procedures during the repair of an aneurysm because there can be a risk of graft infection. PRESENTATION OF CASE: In this case study, we have explained about the presentation of a huge infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) that is found to be associated with a divirticular abscess and both needed an intervention. DISCUSSION: It has been suggested by various evidences that a one-stage elective surgical treatment is safer and cost effective for the treatment of patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with other problems like gastro-intestinal malignancies. However, the high risk of graft infection made the two staged procedure a popular option. CONCLUSION: The major dilemma is in the management of patients with large aneurysm which require an urgent repair and presented with concomitant pathologies that carry a high risk of sepsis. In this case report, we described an unusual presentation of a large aneurysm with a concomitant divirticular abscess where both needed an urgent intervention.

Polarographic determination of phenytoin and benzophenone (as impurity) in pharmaceutical preparations.

A differential pulse polarographic method is described for detection and trace determination of benzophenone (the main impurity) in phenytoin powder. The method depends upon the polarographic activity of benzophenone in Britton-Robinson buffer pH 5.6. The limit of detection was found to be 2.5 x 10(-6) microg ml(-1). Phenytoin has been analysed polarographically after oxidation with alkaline permanganate to give benzophenone; the limit of detection was found to be 6 x 10(-6) microg ml(-1).

Determination of dissociation constants of some pharmaceutical compounds using derivative spectrophotometry.

Derivative spectrophotometry is applied to the determination of the dissociation constants (pKa) of some weakly dissociating compounds. The pKa value(s) can be calculated by measuring the amplitude of derivative maxima (D) at the selected wavelengths for the dissociated, undissociated and partially dissociated forms of the compound. A graphical technique, based on plotting the derivative spectrophotometric titration curves and interpolating pKa at D1/2 is also presented. Both methods are applied to pharmaceutical compounds with single and double dissociation constants. The results are in good agreement with the reported pKa values of the investigated compounds.

High performance liquid chromatographic determinations of khellin, phenobarbitone and dipyrone combination in tablets.

High performance liquid chromatographic methods for the individual determination of khellin, phenobarbitone and dipyrone in tablets are presented. The methods specify a reverse phase column: methanol + water (68 + 32) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.7 ml/min with detection at 254 nm for khellin, visgnagin and dipyrone; water + ammonia + methanol (94.5 + 0.5 + 5) as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.7 ml/min with detection at 240 nm for phenobarbitone. At sensitivity of 0.01 AUFS, linearity ranges were found to be 0.5-4 micrograms/ml for khellin, 2.5-12.5 micrograms/ml for dipyrone and 1-7 micrograms/ml for phenobarbitone and with relative standard deviations less than 2%. The mean percentage recoveries +/- SD of khellin, dipyrone and phenobarbitone added to tablets were found to be 101.0 +/- 0.65, 100.0 +/- 0.74 and 99.9 +/- 0.74, respectively. The system can detect 2% w/w visnagin in khellin.

A simple fluorometric method for the determination of salicylic acid in aluminium acetylsalicylate.

A simple, rapid fluorometric method for the determination of salicylic acid in aluminium acetylsalicylate is presented. The method is based on the dissolution of aluminium acetylsalicylate in sodium fluoride-hydrochloric acid solution, filtration and dilution with buffer solution pH = 4 followed by the fluorometric determination of the liberated salicylic acid. The method was applied successfully to the determination of salicylic acid in aluminium acetylsalicylate tablets.

Colorimetric determination of some sulphonamides with phenothiazine.

Two simple and sensitive calorimetric procedures for determination of some sulphonamides with phenothiazine (thiodiphenylamine) are presented. One is based on reaction in aqueous alcohol solution in presence of hypochlorite, with direct measurement at 515 nm. The other is based on reaction in presence of copper(II) acetate at 70 degrees , extraction with chloroform and measurement at 515 nm. The method is applied to the determination of sulphonamides in pure and tablet form, with a coefficient of variation less than 2%.

Spectrophotometric determination of chloramphenicol-sulphacetamide in eye drops.

A rapid method for the determination of chloramphenicol in chloramphenicol-sulphacetamide drops is discussed. The method depends upon precipitating sulphacetamide as its silver salt by a solution of silver nitrate. Chloramphenicol is determined in the filtrate using the modified Vierordt's method. Sulphacetamide was determined by suitably diluting the drops with 0.01 N H2SO4 and then applying the modified Vierordt's method. The presence of macrogols proved not to interfere with the determination. Mean percentage recoveries +/- s.d. for chloramphenicol and sulphacetamide were found to be 100.8 +/- 0.95 and 100.2 +/- 1.0, respectively.

The use of Fourier functions to eliminate interferences in spectrophotometric analysis (theory and application).

The basic principle for the use of Fourier functions in spectrophotometric analysis is discussed. Fourier function coefficients are linearly related to concentration and are associated with relative standard deviations of less than 1%. The proper choice of function and range, number of points and the transformation of an absorption curve are discussed. New trigonometric functions are derived to correct for linear irrelevant absorption. The method is illustrated by the determination of progesterone and testosterone propionate in oily solutions without prior chromatography. The results obtained are compared with those obtained using orthogonal polynomials.

Determination of mepyramine, aminophenazone, nialamide and chloroquine using the deltapj method.

Mepyramine maleate, aminophenazone, nialamide and chloroquine phosphate are examples of compounds which do not fulfil the requirements of the delta A method. By the proper choice of polynomial and wavelengths, the deltapj method has been successfully applied to their determination. The mean percentage recoveries were found to be 100.2 +/- 0.8, 99.6 +/- 0.6, 99.1 +/- 1.7 and 100.4 +/- 1.3, respectively.

The spectrophotometric determination of streptomycins.

The spectra produced by the acid treatment and alkaline treatment of streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin have been investigated to obtain suitable methods for their determination. Mixtures of the two antibiotics have been successfully determined in the UV region. Thus, using the orthogonal function method, dihydrostreptomycin has been determined after acid treatment whereas streptomycin has been determined after alkaline treatment followed by immediate neutralization.