157-nm coherent light source as an inspection tool for F(2) laser lithography.

We have developed a 157-nm coherent light source by two-photon resonant four-wave mixing in Xe, with two tunable single-mode 1-kHz Ti:sapphire laser systems at 768 and 681 nm. This light source has been developed to determine the instrumental function of a vacuum ultraviolet spectrometer and to evaluate optical designs for ultra-line-narrowed F(2) laser lithography. The spectral linewidth of the source was less than 0.008 pm (FWHM), with an average power of 0.6 mW.

[The etiology of peptic ulceration in patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema].

The purpose of this study was to determine the etiology of peptic ulceration in patients with pulmonary emphysema. We performed endoscopy in 50 patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema, these were patients with and without peptic ulcer. There was no significant differences between the patients with and without ulcer, with respect to past history of pneumonia, degree of dyspnea, current drugs, nutritional status, the extent of gastric mucosal atrophy, gastric mucosal blood flow, gastric mucosal hexosamine content and serum pepsinogen levels. But patients with peptic ulcer were significantly younger than patients without peptic ulcer. Cigarettes per day in patients with peptic ulcer 29.3 +/- 11.6 cigarettes/day were significantly higher than those without peptic ulcer 22.5 +/- 10.0 cigarettes/day. We concluded that increased incidence of peptic ulceration in patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema is related to the quantity of cigarette smoking.

[A case of round atelectasis associated with spontaneous pneumothorax].

A 59-year-old female was admitted for spontaneous pneumothorax. After evacuation, the chest X-ray film showed a round mass lesion at the left hilum. Following curettage and bronchoalveolar lavage of the left B3c, the mass became smaller, suggesting the diagnosis of round atelectasis. This is the first report of round atelectasis complicated by spontaneous pneumothorax. The mechanism of this case is suggested to resemble that of round atelectasis associated with pleural effusion.

[A case report of the pathognomonic relationship between idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and silicosis].

A 67 year-old male complaining of cough and exertional dyspnea was hospitalized for evaluation of an abnormal chest shadow. Chest X-ray films revealed bilateral diffuse nodular shadows, honeycombing in the lower lung fields and pleural thickening suggestive of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. He had worked as a boilerman and painting using various materials. Transbronchial lung biopsy did not reveal silicotic nodules or asbestos bodies. Analytical electron microscopic study demonstrated amounts of free silica without other elements and asbestos fibers. This case suggests a pathognomonic relationship between idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and silica inhalation.

Diffuse pulmonary ossification associated with chronic bronchitis.

A thirty-three-year-old man with diffuse pulmonary ossification associated with chronic bronchitis is described. Chest roentgenograms of the patient showed diffuse reticulo-nodular shadows partially super-imposed by calcified reticular opacities. Marked declines in forced vital capacity and air-flow limitation were associated with decreased diffusing capacity of the lung for CO, hypoxemia, and hypercapnia. In the postmortem examination, diffuse dendriform ossification was found mainly in the alveolar space. Neither interstitial fibrosis nor capillary congestion was found histopathologically in the lung.