Transjugular aspiration liver biopsy performed by hepatologists trained in HVPG measurements is safe and provides important diagnostic information.

BACKGROUND: Transjugular liver biopsy (TJLB) represents an alternative to percutaneous liver biopsy especially in patients with impaired coagulation and ascites. AIMS: To describe safety and diagnostic yield of aspiration TJLB performed by hepatologists experienced in hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurements. METHODS: 445 TJLB of 399 patients between 01/2007-12/2016 were retrospectively assessed. RESULTS: Histological diagnosis was obtained in 423 (95.1%) biopsies - including 11 (100%) patients with acute liver failure and 34 (97.1%) patients after liver transplantation. A median number of 5 portal tracts (interquartile range:2-9) was obtained. HVPG negatively correlated with sample length (Spearman ρ = -0.310; p < 0.001) and number of portal tracts (ρ = -0.212; p < 0.001). Among n = 151 patients with unknown etiology of liver disease, etiology was successfully identified on liver histology in 126 patients (83.4%). Complications occurred in 28 biopsies (6.3%) including 25 (5.6%) minor and 3 (0.7%) major complications. No deaths due to TJLB were observed. Neither the presence of ascites (6.6% complications) nor of coagulopathy (platelets<50G/L and/or prothrombin time<50%; 4.8% complications) increased the risk for complications. CONCLUSIONS: TJLB performed by hepatologists experienced in HVPG measurements is safe - even in patients with ascites or coagulopathy. TJLB has good diagnostic value for histological evaluation of liver disease and acute liver failure.